Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hē₂r

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hiz +‎ *-r. There is compensatory lengthening of the vowel after loss of /z/ before /r/ by rhotacism, but the origin of the e₂-vowel is not known.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xeːr/

Adverb

*hē₂r

(demonstrative) here, in this place

Related terms

*þar
*hwar

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *hēr
- Old English: hēr, ᚻᛖᚱ (her) — Franks Casket
  - Middle English: her, here, heer
    - English: here
    - Scots: her, here
- Old Frisian: hīr
  - Saterland Frisian: hier
  - West Frisian: hjir
- Old Saxon: hēr, hīr
  - Middle Low German: hêr, hîr, hîre
    - Low German: hier
    - Plautdietsch: hia, häa
- Old Dutch: *hiar, hier, hiera
  - Middle Dutch: hier
    - Dutch: hier, her
      - Afrikaans: hier
    - Limburgish: hier; hie, heej (influenced by High German)
- Old High German: hia, hiar
  - Middle High German: hie
    - Alemannic German: hie
    - Bavarian: hia
      Cimbrian: hia
    - Central Franconian: hee, hie
    - German: hie
    - Luxembourgish: hei
  - Middle High German: hier
    - German: hier
Old Norse: hér
- Icelandic: hér
- Faroese: her
- Norwegian: her
- Old Swedish: hær, hiær
  - Swedish: här, (dialectal) héer, hera
- Danish: her
- Elfdalian: jär
- Gutnish: hjär, hjä
Gothic: 𐌷𐌴𐍂 (hēr)