Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upó

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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Possibly from *h₁ewp-, whence also Hittite 𒌋𒌒𒍣 (u-up-zi, to rise (of the sun));[1] but the verb could have come from the adverb instead.[2] Probably with allative suffix *-o.

Adverb

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*upó

  1. up, from below

Reconstruction notes

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Dunkel separates *úp (above) / *úpo (up)[2] from *súp (below) / *súpo (down).[3] This separation is unwarranted; the *s- in Italic and Tocharian can be explained as contractions of the compound adverbials *h₁eǵʰs upó and *h₁én-s upó.[4]

Derived terms

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Unsorted formations

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 920
  2. 2.0 2.1 Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*úp 'oben', *úpo 'hinauf'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 829-834
  3. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) “*súp 'unten', *súpo 'hinab'”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 746-751
  4. ^ Hackstein, Olav (2023) “When words coalesce II: Preverb incorporation in Indo-European”, in Indo-European Linguistics[1], volume 11, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 28-30

Further reading

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