Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/upó

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-EuropeanEdit

EtymologyEdit

Perhaps from *h₃ewp-.

AdverbEdit

*upó

under, below

Related termsEdit

*(s)up-s
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: sus-
*(s)up-s-i
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: ὕψι (húpsi)
*(s)up-s-os ~ *(s)up-s-es-
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: ὕψος (húpsos)
*(s)up-tos
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: subtus
*(s)up-ti-os
- Hellenic: [Term?]
  - Ancient Greek: ὕπτιος (húptios)
*(s)up-iH-nos
- Italic: [Term?]
  - Latin: supīnus
*(s)up-ér(i)
*(s)úp-m̥mo-s (“uppermost”)
- Germanic: *ufumô (see there for further descendants)
- Indo-Iranian: *(s)upamás
  - Indo-Aryan: *(s)upamás
    - Sanskrit: उपम (upamá, “uppermost”)
- Italic: *supemos
  - Latin: summus

DescendantsEdit

Albanian: *upela
- Albanian: ubël
Celtic: *uɸo
- Goidelic:
  - Old Irish: fo
    - Scottish Gaelic: fo
Germanic: *ub (see there for further descendants)
Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: ὑπό (hupó)
Indo-Iranian: *úpa, *upa-
- Indo-Aryan: *úpa, *upa-
  - Sanskrit: उप (úpa), उप- (upa-)
    - Hindi: उप- (up-)
Italic: *supo
- Latin: sub
- Oscan: συπ (sup)^[1]

ReferencesEdit

Fortson, Benjamin W. (2004) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, first edition, Oxford: Blackwell
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 1105
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), “ger”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 207

^ Buck, Carl (1904) A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Ginn & Co, page 210

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