Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ěnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

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Etymology

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    Taken from old consonantal stem nouns in *-en- with a generalized long grade. This is also suggested by the adjectives built from a */men/-stem nouns, e.g.

    • *kamy (stone)*kaměnъ (stony, rocky, made of stone) (and not **kameněnъ as in Bulgarian, for example)
    • *polmy (flame)*polměnъ (fiery) (and not **polmeněnъ as in Bulgarian, for example)

    Adjective

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    *-ěnъ

    1. Forming adjectives meaning 'made of <the baseword>'; -en
      1. Denominal
        *volsъ (hair)*volsěnъ (made of (horse) hair)
        *dervo (tree)*dervěnъ (wooden, made of wood)
        *lьnъ (linen)*lьněnъ (flaxen, linen)
      2. Deverbative
        *děti, *dějati (to do, make)*dobro-dějanъ (virtuous)
        *piti (drink)*pьjanъ (drunk)

    Declension

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    Indefinite declension of *-ěnъ (hard)
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěnъ *ěna *ěno
    genitive *ěna *ěny *ěna
    dative *ěnu *ěně *ěnu
    accusative *ěnъ *ěnǫ *ěno
    instrumental *ěnomь *ěnojǫ *ěnomь
    locative *ěně *ěně *ěně
    vocative *ěne *ěno *ěno
    dual masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěna *ěně *ěně
    genitive *ěnu *ěnu *ěnu
    dative *ěnoma *ěnama *ěnoma
    accusative *ěna *ěně *ěně
    instrumental *ěnoma *ěnama *ěnoma
    locative *ěnu *ěnu *ěnu
    vocative *ěna *ěně *ěně
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěni *ěny *ěna
    genitive *ěnъ *ěnъ *ěnъ
    dative *ěnomъ *ěnamъ *ěnomъ
    accusative *ěny *ěny *ěna
    instrumental *ěny *ěnami *ěny
    locative *ěněxъ *ěnaxъ *ěněxъ
    vocative *ěni *ěny *ěna
    Definite declension of *-ěnъ (hard)
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěnъjь *ěnaja *ěnoje
    genitive *ěnajego *ěnyję̇ *ěnajego
    dative *ěnujemu *ěněji *ěnujemu
    accusative *ěnъjь *ěnǫjǫ *ěnoje
    instrumental *ěnyjimь *ěnǫjǫ *ěnyjimь
    locative *ěnějemь *ěněji *ěnějemь
    vocative *ěnъjь *ěnaja *ěnoje
    dual masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
    genitive *ěnuju *ěnuju *ěnuju
    dative *ěnyjima *ěnyjima *ěnyjima
    accusative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
    instrumental *ěnyjima *ěnyjima *ěnyjima
    locative *ěnuju *ěnuju *ěnuju
    vocative *ěnaja *ěněji *ěněji
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative *ěniji *ěnyję̇ *ěnaja
    genitive *ěnъjixъ *ěnъjixъ *ěnъjixъ
    dative *ěnyjimъ *ěnyjimъ *ěnyjimъ
    accusative *ěnyję̇ *ěnyję̇ *ěnaja
    instrumental *ěnyjimi *ěnyjimi *ěnyjimi
    locative *ěnyjixъ *ěnyjixъ *ěnyjixъ
    vocative *ěniji *ěnyję̇ *ěnaja

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    • East Slavic:
    • South Slavic:
    • West Slavic:

    References

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    • Halla-aho, Jussi (2006) Problems of Proto-Slavic Historical Nominal Morphology: On the Basis of Old Church Slavic (Slavica Helsingiensia; 26), Helsinki: University of Helsinki, page 93