Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьskati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *iskāˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂i-sḱé-ti, from *h₂eys- (“to wish, desire, want”). Cognate with Lithuanian ieškóti (“to look for”) (1sg. íeškau), Latvian iẽskât (“to search for lice”), Sanskrit इच्छति (iccháti, “to long for, wish, to seek”), Avestan 𐬌𐬯𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (isaⁱti, “to seek”), Latin aeruscō (“to beg, to ask for”), Old High German eiscōn (“to investigate, to demand”), Old English āscian (“to ask”) (whence English ask), Old Armenian այց (aycʻ, “visit; search”), հայց (haycʻ, “demand, request; seeking”).

Verb

*jьskati impf

1. to look for, to seek

Conjugation

Conjugation of *jьskati, *jьska, *jьščetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*jьskanьje	*jьskati	*jьskatъ	*jьskalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*jьskanъ	*jьščemъ
Active	*jьskavъ	*jьščę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьskaxъ	*jьska	*jьska	*jьščǫ	*jьščeši	*jьščetь
Dual	*jьskaxově	*jьskasta	*jьskaste	*jьščevě	*jьščeta	*jьščete
Plural	*jьskaxomъ	*jьskaste	*jьskašę	*jьščemъ	*jьščete	*jьščǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьskaaxъ	*jьskaaše	*jьskaaše	—	*jьšči	*jьšči
Dual	*jьskaaxově	*jьskaašeta	*jьskaašete	*jьščivě	*jьščita	—
Plural	*jьskaaxomъ	*jьskaašete	*jьskaaxǫ	*jьščimъ	*jьščite	—

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: искати (iskati)
    • Russian: иска́ть (iskátʹ)
    • Carpathian Rusyn: искати (yskaty), иськати (ysʹkaty), ськати (sʹkaty)
    • Ukrainian: иська́ти (ysʹkáty), ська́ти (sʹkáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: искати (iskati)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: и́скам (ískam)
  • Macedonian: иска (iska) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ѝскати, и́скати

    Latin: ìskati, ískati

  • Slovene: ískati, iskáti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: jískati
    • Czech: vískat, (dialectal) ískať
  • Kashubian: wiskac
  • Polish: iskać
  • Slovak: ískať
  • Slovincian: wjiskac

Further reading

• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “иска́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 357
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “иска́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jьskati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 238