Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/makъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *māken (ЭССЯ) or *meh₂kos (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?); further etymology is uncertain. Possibly ultimately a (substrate) Mediterranean word. Morphologically equivalent to *majati (“fig. to enchant, to charm”) +‎ *-kъ (cf Bulgarian омайниче (“avens”)), however, it is uncertain if the two lemmas are semantically related.

Cognate with Ancient Greek μήκων (mḗkōn, “poppy”) (Doric μάκων (mákōn)), Old Irish meccun (“carrot, parsnip”), Irish meacan, Proto-Germanic *mōhô (“poppy”) (> Old High German māho, mago, Middle High German mage, German Mohn, Old Saxon maho).

Borrowed from Germanic: Lithuanian aguonà, maguonà, Latvian magone
Borrowed from Baltic: Estonian magun, Livonian maggon

Noun

*màkъ m^[1]^[2]^[3]

poppy

Declension

Declension of *màkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*màkъ	*màka	*màci
genitive	*màka	*màku	*màkъ
dative	*màku	*màkoma	*màkomъ
accusative	*màkъ	*màka	*màky
instrumental	màkъmь, màkomь^*	*màkoma	*màkȳ
locative	*màcě	*màku	*màcě̄xъ
vocative	*màče	*màka	*màci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

Nouns:
- *makuxъ/*makuxa
- *makuša
  - *makušьka
Adjectives:
- *makovьnъ
  - *makovьnikъ
  - *makovьnica
- *makovъ
Compounds:

Descendants

Church Slavonic: макъ (makŭ)

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: макъ (makŭ)
  - Belarusian: мак (mak)
  - Russian: мак (mak)
  - Ukrainian: мак (mak)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: макъ (makŭ)?
- Bulgarian: мак (mak)
- Macedonian: мак (mak)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ма̏к
  
  Latin script: mȁk
- Slovene: mȁk, mȃk (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mák
  - Czech: mák
  - Knaanic: מק (mak)
- Kashubian: mak
- Old Polish: mak
  - Polish: mak
- Slovak: mak
- Slovincian: mak
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mak
  - Lower Sorbian: mak

→ Old Prussian: moke (“poppy”) (probably from Polish)
→ Greek: μάκος (mákos)
→ Romanian: mac
→ Hungarian: mák

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*màkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 299: “m. o (a) ‘poppy’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “makъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 131; RPT 99, 101)”
^ Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎^[2], University of Vienna, page 7: “*ma̋kъ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*màkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 299: “m. o (a) ‘poppy’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “makъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 131; RPT 99, 101)”

[3] Kapović, Mate (2007) “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎^[2], University of Vienna, page 7: “*ma̋kъ”

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