Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/učiti
Contents
Proto-SlavicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *auˀk-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁owk-eye-. Balto-Slavic cognates include Lithuanian jaukìnti, jaukinù (“to tame, to domesticate”), Latvian jaûcêt (“to accustom”), Old Prussian iaukint (“to exercise”). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit उच्यति (ucyati, “to be accustomed to”), Old Armenian ուսանիմ (usanim, “to learn”), Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍄𐍃 (biūhts, “accustomed to”).
Derksen has a complex discussion of the possible origin of the acute tone in Balto-Slavic, boiling down to a suggestion by Frederik Kortlandt that initial *u- yielded Balto-Slavic acute under certain conditions.
VerbEdit
*učiti ?
- to teach
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of *učiti (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*učenьje | *učiti | *učitъ | *učilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *učenъ | *učimъ |
Active | *učь | *učę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *učixъ | *uči | *uči | *učǫ | *učiši | *učitь |
Dual | *učixově | *učista | *učiste | *učivě | *učita | *učite |
Plural | *učixomъ | *učiste | *učišę | *učimъ | *učite | *učętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *učaaxъ | *učaaše | *učaaše | — | *uči | *uči |
Dual | *učaaxově | *učaašeta | *učaašete | *učivě | *učita | — |
Plural | *učaaxomъ | *učaašete | *učaaxǫ | *učimъ | *učite | — |
Notes: (*)*učivъ is later doublet of past active participle;
Related termsEdit
- *nauka (“science, teachings”)
- *naučьnъ (“scientific”)
- *pouka (“moral (of a story), lesson”)
- *bezukъ (“uneducated”)
- *neukъ (“unthought”)
- *vyknǫti (“to scold, to yell at”)
- *navykъ (“habit”)
- *obyčь (“affectoin, fondness”)
- *obyčаjь (“tradition”)
- *obyčajьnъ (“traditional, usual”)
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms (16)
- *učenьje (“education”), *učenikъ m, *učeničьka f (“student”)
- *neučь
- +*jьz (“out of”): *jьzučiti (“to study”)
- +*na (“on”): *naučiti (“to learn”), *naučati, *naučenьje, *naučiteljь, *naučьnikъ
- +*ob (“about”): *obučiti (“to train”), *obučati, *obučenьje
- +*za (“for”): *zaučiti (“to coach, to tally”)
- +*po (“upon, by”): *poučiti (“to preach, to enlighten”)
- +*pri (“unto”): *priučiti (“to get accustomed to”)
DescendantsEdit
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
ReferencesEdit
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*učìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 506–507
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “учить”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress
- Trubačev O. N., editor (1983), “*jьzučiti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 09, Moscow: Nauka, page 85
- Trubačev O. N., editor (1996), “*naučiti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 23, Moscow: Nauka, page 191
- Trubačev O. N., editor (2003), “*obučiti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 30, Moscow: Nauka, page 238
- Trubačev O. N., editor (1975), “*bezukъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 02, Moscow: Nauka, page 48