Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/viti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁y-. Cognates with Latvian vît, Lithuanian výti, Latin viere, Albanian vithe.

Verb

*vìti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to bend, to twist

Conjugation

Conjugation of *viti, *vi(tъ), *vьjetь (impf., -V-, t-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*vitьje	*viti	*vitъ	*vilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*vitъ	*vьjemъ
Active	*vivъ	*vьję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vixъ	*vi(tъ)	*vi(tъ)	*vьjǫ	*vьješi	*vьjetь
Dual	*vixově	*vista	*viste	*vьjevě	*vьjeta	*vьjete
Plural	*vixomъ	*viste	*višę	*vьjemъ	*vьjete	*vьjǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vьjaaxъ	*vьjaaše	*vьjaaše	—	*vьji	*vьji
Dual	*vьjaaxově	*vьjaašeta	*vьjaašete	*vьjivě	*vьjita	—
Plural	*vьjaaxomъ	*vьjaašete	*vьjaaxǫ	*vьjimъ	*vьjite	—

Derived terms

Verbs:
- *perviti (“to fold”)
- *zaviti (“to turn around”)
- *naviti (“to coil, to curl”)
- *poviti (“to wrap, to envelop”)
- *jьzviti (“to bend, to curve”)
- *orzviti (“to develop”)
Nominals:
- *obilьje (“abundance”) (from an earlier *obvilьje)
- *vidla (“pitchfork”)
- *vitь (“twist, knot”)
- *vina (“guilt, blame”)
- *vila (“nymph”)
- *vojь (“turn, curving”)

Related terms

*vixъrъ (“gust, wind”)
*věnьcь (“wreath”)
*věťati (“to predict”)
- *větъ (“claim, talk”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вити (viti)
  - Old Ruthenian: вити (viti)
    - Old Belarusian: вити (viti)
      - Belarusian: віць (vicʹ)
    - Ukrainian: ви́ти (výty)
  - Russian: вить (vitʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: вити (viti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⰻⱅⰻ (viti)
- Bulgarian: ви́я (víja)
- Macedonian: ви́е (víe)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ви̏ти
  
  Latin script: vȉti
- Slovene: víti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: víti
  - Czech: vít
- Old Polish: wić
  - Polish: wić
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: wic
- Slovak: viť
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: wiś
  - Upper Sorbian: wić

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*viti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 522: “v. ‘twist, wind’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “viti: vijǫ vijetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 204, 212f., 231, 233, 237; PR 139)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “víti¹”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*vi̋ti, sed. *vȋjǫ in *vь̏jǫ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*viti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 522: “v. ‘twist, wind’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “viti: vijǫ vijetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 204, 212f., 231, 233, 237; PR 139)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “víti¹”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*vi̋ti, sed. *vȋjǫ in *vь̏jǫ”

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