Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xoldъ
Proto-SlavicEdit
EtymologyEdit
Unclear.
- Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (reconstructed by Illich-Svitych as *(s)gel- in order to accommodate the Slavic data), in which case it is cognate with Latin gelidus (“cool, icy”), English cold, Sanskrit जड (jaḍa), but initial *x- is hard to explain.
- Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelH-, in which case it is cognate with Lithuanian šáltas (“cold”), Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (sarəta), Persian سرد (sard), Ossetian салд (sald), but initial *x- is likewise hard to explain.
NounEdit
InflectionEdit
Declension of *xȏldъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *xȏldъ | *xȏlda | *xȏldi |
Accusative | *xȏldъ | *xȏlda | *xȏldy |
Genitive | *xȏlda | *xoldù | *xõldъ |
Locative | *xȏldě | *xoldù | *xoldě̃xъ |
Dative | *xȏldu | *xoldomà | *xoldòmъ |
Instrumental | *xȏldъmь, *xȏldomь* | *xoldomà | *xoldý |
Vocative | *xolde | *xȏlda | *xȏldi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
See alsoEdit
Derived termsEdit
- *xolditi, *xolďati (“to cool”)
- *xolděti, *xoldьněti (“to be cold, to chill”)
- *xoldьnъ (“cold, chilly”)
- *xoldъkъ (“cool”)
- *xoldina, *xoldota/*xoldoťa (“chilliness”)
- *xoldьcь (“coolness”)
Related termsEdit
- *koldędzь, *koldenьcь, *koldьcь (“well”)
DescendantsEdit
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: хлад (hlad)
- Macedonian: лад (lad)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: hlȃd (“coolness”) (tonal orthography); dialectal hlad (“shadow”)
Further readingEdit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) , “холод”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubačóv, Moscow: Progress
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981) , “*xoldъ”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 57
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) , “*xȏldъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 203: “m. o (c) ‘coolness, cold’”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) , “hlad”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “Pslovan. *xȏldъ”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) , “xoldъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c kulde (PR 137; RPT 105)”