سرد

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ر د‎ (s-r-d).

Pronunciation

• Verb: IPA^(key): /sa.ra.da/
• Noun: IPA^(key): /sard/

Verb

سَرَدَ • (sarada) I, non-past يَسْرُدُ‎‎ (yasrudu)

1. to narrate, to report, to tell

   Synonyms: قَصَّ‎ (qaṣṣa), رَوَى‎ (rawā)

2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَرَدَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun سَرْد)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						سَرْد sard
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَارِد‎ sārid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْرُود‎ masrūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَرَدْتُ‎ saradtu	سَرَدْتَ‎ saradta	سَرَدَ sarada		سَرَدْتُمَا‎ saradtumā	سَرَدَا‎ saradā		سَرَدْنَا‎ saradnā	سَرَدْتُمْ‎ saradtum	سَرَدُوا‎ saradū
	f		سَرَدْتِ‎ saradti	سَرَدَتْ‎ saradat			سَرَدَتَا‎ saradatā			سَرَدْتُنَّ‎ saradtunna	سَرَدْنَ‎ saradna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أَسْرُدُ‎ ʾasrudu	تَسْرُدُ‎ tasrudu	يَسْرُدُ‎ yasrudu		تَسْرُدَانِ‎ tasrudāni	يَسْرُدَانِ‎ yasrudāni		نَسْرُدُ‎ nasrudu	تَسْرُدُونَ‎ tasrudūna	يَسْرُدُونَ‎ yasrudūna
	f		تَسْرُدِينَ‎ tasrudīna	تَسْرُدُ‎ tasrudu			تَسْرُدَانِ‎ tasrudāni			تَسْرُدْنَ‎ tasrudna	يَسْرُدْنَ‎ yasrudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْرُدَ‎ ʾasruda	تَسْرُدَ‎ tasruda	يَسْرُدَ‎ yasruda		تَسْرُدَا‎ tasrudā	يَسْرُدَا‎ yasrudā		نَسْرُدَ‎ nasruda	تَسْرُدُوا‎ tasrudū	يَسْرُدُوا‎ yasrudū
	f		تَسْرُدِي‎ tasrudī	تَسْرُدَ‎ tasruda			تَسْرُدَا‎ tasrudā			تَسْرُدْنَ‎ tasrudna	يَسْرُدْنَ‎ yasrudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْرُدْ‎ ʾasrud	تَسْرُدْ‎ tasrud	يَسْرُدْ‎ yasrud		تَسْرُدَا‎ tasrudā	يَسْرُدَا‎ yasrudā		نَسْرُدْ‎ nasrud	تَسْرُدُوا‎ tasrudū	يَسْرُدُوا‎ yasrudū
	f		تَسْرُدِي‎ tasrudī	تَسْرُدْ‎ tasrud			تَسْرُدَا‎ tasrudā			تَسْرُدْنَ‎ tasrudna	يَسْرُدْنَ‎ yasrudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُسْرُدْ‎ usrud			اُسْرُدَا‎ usrudā				اُسْرُدُوا‎ usrudū
	f		اُسْرُدِي‎ usrudī							اُسْرُدْنَ‎ usrudna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُرِدْتُ‎ suridtu	سُرِدْتَ‎ suridta	سُرِدَ surida		سُرِدْتُمَا‎ suridtumā	سُرِدَا‎ suridā		سُرِدْنَا‎ suridnā	سُرِدْتُمْ‎ suridtum	سُرِدُوا‎ suridū
	f		سُرِدْتِ‎ suridti	سُرِدَتْ‎ suridat			سُرِدَتَا‎ suridatā			سُرِدْتُنَّ‎ suridtunna	سُرِدْنَ‎ suridna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُسْرَدُ‎ ʾusradu	تُسْرَدُ‎ tusradu	يُسْرَدُ‎ yusradu		تُسْرَدَانِ‎ tusradāni	يُسْرَدَانِ‎ yusradāni		نُسْرَدُ‎ nusradu	تُسْرَدُونَ‎ tusradūna	يُسْرَدُونَ‎ yusradūna
	f		تُسْرَدِينَ‎ tusradīna	تُسْرَدُ‎ tusradu			تُسْرَدَانِ‎ tusradāni			تُسْرَدْنَ‎ tusradna	يُسْرَدْنَ‎ yusradna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسْرَدَ‎ ʾusrada	تُسْرَدَ‎ tusrada	يُسْرَدَ‎ yusrada		تُسْرَدَا‎ tusradā	يُسْرَدَا‎ yusradā		نُسْرَدَ‎ nusrada	تُسْرَدُوا‎ tusradū	يُسْرَدُوا‎ yusradū
	f		تُسْرَدِي‎ tusradī	تُسْرَدَ‎ tusrada			تُسْرَدَا‎ tusradā			تُسْرَدْنَ‎ tusradna	يُسْرَدْنَ‎ yusradna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسْرَدْ‎ ʾusrad	تُسْرَدْ‎ tusrad	يُسْرَدْ‎ yusrad		تُسْرَدَا‎ tusradā	يُسْرَدَا‎ yusradā		نُسْرَدْ‎ nusrad	تُسْرَدُوا‎ tusradū	يُسْرَدُوا‎ yusradū
	f		تُسْرَدِي‎ tusradī	تُسْرَدْ‎ tusrad			تُسْرَدَا‎ tusradā			تُسْرَدْنَ‎ tusradna	يُسْرَدْنَ‎ yusradna

Noun

سَرْد • (sard) m

1. verbal noun of سَرَدَ (sarada) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun سَرْد (sard)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرْد sard	السَّرْد‎ as-sard	سَرْد sard
Nominative	سَرْدٌ sardun	السَّرْدُ‎ as-sardu	سَرْدُ sardu
Accusative	سَرْدًا‎ sardan	السَّرْدَ‎ as-sarda	سَرْدَ sarda
Genitive	سَرْدٍ sardin	السَّرْدِ‎ as-sardi	سَرْدِ sardi

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Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian slt' (/sard/, “cold”), from Old Persian [Term?], from Proto-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-Iranian [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“cold”). Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀‎ (sar^əta, “cold”) and Sanskrit शीत (śīta, “cold”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /saɾd/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /saɾd/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /sæɾd/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /saɾd/

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Adjective

Dari Persian	سرد
Iranian Persian
Tajik	сард (sard)

سرد • (sard) (comparative سردتر‎, superlative سردترین‎)

1. cold (of temperature)
   • c. 1260, Rumi, “3:3239”, in The Masnavi:

     ‏دست و رو را شست او زان آب سرد.‎‎

     dast o ru-râ šost u z-ân âb-e sard.

     he washed his hands and face with that cold water.

     (Reynold A. Nicholson translation)

   Antonym: گرم‎ (garm, “warm”)

2. (figuratively) unenthusiastic, lukewarm, discouraged

   Antonym: گرم‎ (garm, “warm, enthusiastic”)

3. (figuratively) cold, bitter

   ‏آه سرد‎ ― âh-e sard ― bitter sigh

Derived terms

• آب‌سردکن‎ (âb-sard-kon)
• جنگ سرد‎ (jang-e sard)
• سرداب‎ (sardâb)
• سردخانه‎ (sardxâne)
• سردسیر‎ (sardsir)
• سردسیری‎ (sardsiri)
• سردی‎ (sardi)

 

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Urdu

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit शरद् (śarad)

Noun

سرد • (sarad) f (Hindi spelling सरद)

1. autumn
2. fall (season)

Etymology 2

From Persian سرد‎

Adjective

سرد • (sard) (Hindi spelling सर्द)

1. cold

   Synonym: ٹھنڈا‎ (ṭhaṇḍā)

References

• John T. Platts (accessed 07-31-2012) , “A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English”, in (Please provide the title of the work)‎^[1]