Wiktionary

سرد

Arabic edit

Root
س ر د (s-r-d)

Etymology 1 edit

Cognate with Hebrew סֵדֶר (séder, “order”) and סִדְרָה (sidra, “sequence, series”)

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

سَرَدَ • (sarada) I, non-past يَسْرُدُ‎ (yasrudu)

  1. to arrange one after the other
  2. to link (of chain and mail)
    Synonym: سَلْسَلَ (salsala)
  3. to sew, to fasten together
  4. to continue
    Synonym: وَصَلَ (waṣala)
  5. to detail in a sequence, to list
  6. to narrate, to report, to tell
    Synonyms: قَصَّ (qaṣṣa), رَوَى (rawā)

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of
سَرَدَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun سَرْد)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
سَرْد

sard
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
sārid
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
masrūd
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
saradtu
saradta
سَرَدَ

sarada
saradtumā
saradā
saradnā
saradtum
saradū
f
saradti
saradat
saradatā
saradtunna
saradna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔasrudu
tasrudu
yasrudu
tasrudāni
yasrudāni
nasrudu
tasrudūna
yasrudūna
f
tasrudīna
tasrudu
tasrudāni
tasrudna
yasrudna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔasruda
tasruda
yasruda
tasrudā
yasrudā
nasruda
tasrudū
yasrudū
f
tasrudī
tasruda
tasrudā
tasrudna
yasrudna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔasrud
tasrud
yasrud
tasrudā
yasrudā
nasrud
tasrudū
yasrudū
f
tasrudī
tasrud
tasrudā
tasrudna
yasrudna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
usrud
usrudā
usrudū
f
usrudī
usrudna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
suridtu
suridta
سُرِدَ

surida
suridtumā
suridā
suridnā
suridtum
suridū
f
suridti
suridat
suridatā
suridtunna
suridna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔusradu
tusradu
yusradu
tusradāni
yusradāni
nusradu
tusradūna
yusradūna
f
tusradīna
tusradu
tusradāni
tusradna
yusradna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔusrada
tusrada
yusrada
tusradā
yusradā
nusrada
tusradū
yusradū
f
tusradī
tusrada
tusradā
tusradna
yusradna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔusrad
tusrad
yusrad
tusradā
yusradā
nusrad
tusradū
yusradū
f
tusradī
tusrad
tusradā
tusradna
yusradna

Noun edit

سَرْد • (sard) m

  1. verbal noun of سَرَدَ (sarada) (form I)

Declension edit

Declension of noun سَرْد (sard)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَرْد
sard 		السَّرْد
as-sard 		سَرْد
sard
Nominative سَرْدٌ
sardun 		السَّرْدُ
as-sardu 		سَرْدُ
sardu
Accusative سَرْدًا
sardan 		السَّرْدَ
as-sarda 		سَرْدَ
sarda
Genitive سَرْدٍ
sardin 		السَّرْدِ
as-sardi 		سَرْدِ
sardi

Further reading edit

  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “سرد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 307
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سرد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1043a
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “سرد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1346
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سرد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 490
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “سرد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 474

Persian edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian slt' (/⁠sard⁠/, “cold”).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? sard
Dari reading? sard
Iranian reading? sard
Tajik reading? sard
  • Audio (Iran):(file)

Adjective edit

Dari سرد
Iranian Persian
Tajik сард

سرد • (sard) (comparative سردتَر (sard-tar), superlative سردتَرین (sard-tarin))

  1. cold (of temperature)
    Antonym: گرم (garm, “warm”)
    • c. 1260, Rumi, “3:3239”, in The Masnavi:
      دست و رو را شست و زان آب سرد.
      dast u ru-râ šost u zân âb-e sard.
      he washed his hands and face with that cold water.
      (Reynold A. Nicholson translation)
  2. (figurative) unenthusiastic, lukewarm, discouraged
    Antonym: گرم (garm, “warm, enthusiastic”)
  3. (figurative) cold, bitter
    آه سرد ― âh-e sard ― bitter sigh

Derived terms edit

Urdu edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Sanskrit शरद् (śarad).

Noun edit

سرد • (sarad) f (Hindi spelling सरद)

  1. autumn
  2. fall (season)

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian سرد (sard), from Middle Persian slt' (sard).

Adjective edit

سرد • (sard) (Hindi spelling सर्द)

  1. cold
    Synonym: ٹھنڈا (ṭhaṇḍā)

References edit

  • John T. Platts (2012 July 31 (last accessed)) “A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎[5]
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