سرد
Arabic
editRoot |
---|
س ر د (s r d) |
1 term |
Etymology
editCognate with Hebrew סֵדֶר (séder, “order”) and סִדְרָה (sidra, “sequence, series”)
Pronunciation
editVerb
editسَرَدَ • (sarada) I (non-past يَسْرُدُ (yasrudu), verbal noun سَرْد (sard))
- to arrange one after the other
- to link (of chain and mail)
- Synonym: سَلْسَلَ (salsala)
- to sew, to fasten together
- to continue
- Synonym: وَصَلَ (waṣala)
- to detail in a sequence, to list
- to narrate, to report, to tell
Conjugation
edit Conjugation of سَرَدَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun سَرْد)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
سَرْد sard | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
سَارِد sārid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَسْرُود masrūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سَرَدْتُ saradtu |
سَرَدْتَ saradta |
سَرَدَ sarada |
سَرَدْتُمَا saradtumā |
سَرَدَا saradā |
سَرَدْنَا saradnā |
سَرَدْتُمْ saradtum |
سَرَدُوا saradū | |||
f | سَرَدْتِ saradti |
سَرَدَتْ saradat |
سَرَدَتَا saradatā |
سَرَدْتُنَّ saradtunna |
سَرَدْنَ saradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَسْرُدُ ʔasrudu |
تَسْرُدُ tasrudu |
يَسْرُدُ yasrudu |
تَسْرُدَانِ tasrudāni |
يَسْرُدَانِ yasrudāni |
نَسْرُدُ nasrudu |
تَسْرُدُونَ tasrudūna |
يَسْرُدُونَ yasrudūna | |||
f | تَسْرُدِينَ tasrudīna |
تَسْرُدُ tasrudu |
تَسْرُدَانِ tasrudāni |
تَسْرُدْنَ tasrudna |
يَسْرُدْنَ yasrudna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَسْرُدَ ʔasruda |
تَسْرُدَ tasruda |
يَسْرُدَ yasruda |
تَسْرُدَا tasrudā |
يَسْرُدَا yasrudā |
نَسْرُدَ nasruda |
تَسْرُدُوا tasrudū |
يَسْرُدُوا yasrudū | |||
f | تَسْرُدِي tasrudī |
تَسْرُدَ tasruda |
تَسْرُدَا tasrudā |
تَسْرُدْنَ tasrudna |
يَسْرُدْنَ yasrudna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَسْرُدْ ʔasrud |
تَسْرُدْ tasrud |
يَسْرُدْ yasrud |
تَسْرُدَا tasrudā |
يَسْرُدَا yasrudā |
نَسْرُدْ nasrud |
تَسْرُدُوا tasrudū |
يَسْرُدُوا yasrudū | |||
f | تَسْرُدِي tasrudī |
تَسْرُدْ tasrud |
تَسْرُدَا tasrudā |
تَسْرُدْنَ tasrudna |
يَسْرُدْنَ yasrudna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اُسْرُدْ usrud |
اُسْرُدَا usrudā |
اُسْرُدُوا usrudū |
||||||||
f | اُسْرُدِي usrudī |
اُسْرُدْنَ usrudna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | سُرِدْتُ suridtu |
سُرِدْتَ suridta |
سُرِدَ surida |
سُرِدْتُمَا suridtumā |
سُرِدَا suridā |
سُرِدْنَا suridnā |
سُرِدْتُمْ suridtum |
سُرِدُوا suridū | |||
f | سُرِدْتِ suridti |
سُرِدَتْ suridat |
سُرِدَتَا suridatā |
سُرِدْتُنَّ suridtunna |
سُرِدْنَ suridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُسْرَدُ ʔusradu |
تُسْرَدُ tusradu |
يُسْرَدُ yusradu |
تُسْرَدَانِ tusradāni |
يُسْرَدَانِ yusradāni |
نُسْرَدُ nusradu |
تُسْرَدُونَ tusradūna |
يُسْرَدُونَ yusradūna | |||
f | تُسْرَدِينَ tusradīna |
تُسْرَدُ tusradu |
تُسْرَدَانِ tusradāni |
تُسْرَدْنَ tusradna |
يُسْرَدْنَ yusradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُسْرَدَ ʔusrada |
تُسْرَدَ tusrada |
يُسْرَدَ yusrada |
تُسْرَدَا tusradā |
يُسْرَدَا yusradā |
نُسْرَدَ nusrada |
تُسْرَدُوا tusradū |
يُسْرَدُوا yusradū | |||
f | تُسْرَدِي tusradī |
تُسْرَدَ tusrada |
تُسْرَدَا tusradā |
تُسْرَدْنَ tusradna |
يُسْرَدْنَ yusradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُسْرَدْ ʔusrad |
تُسْرَدْ tusrad |
يُسْرَدْ yusrad |
تُسْرَدَا tusradā |
يُسْرَدَا yusradā |
نُسْرَدْ nusrad |
تُسْرَدُوا tusradū |
يُسْرَدُوا yusradū | |||
f | تُسْرَدِي tusradī |
تُسْرَدْ tusrad |
تُسْرَدَا tusradā |
تُسْرَدْنَ tusradna |
يُسْرَدْنَ yusradna |
Noun
editسَرْد • (sard) m
- verbal noun of سَرَدَ (sarada) (form I)
Declension
editDeclension of noun سَرْد (sard)
Further reading
edit- Freytag, Georg (1833) “سرد”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 307
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “سرد”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 1043a
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “سرد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1346
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “سرد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[4], London: W.H. Allen, page 490
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “سرد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 474
Persian
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Persian slt' (/sard/, “cold”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ˈsaɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [sǽɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [sǽɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | sard |
Dari reading? | sard |
Iranian reading? | sard |
Tajik reading? | sard |
Adjective
editDari | سرد |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | сард |
سرد • (sard) (comparative سردتَر (sard-tar), superlative سردتَرین (sard-tarin))
- cold (of temperature)
- c. 1260, Rumi, “3:3239”, in The Masnavi:
- دست و رو را شست و زان آب سرد.
- dast u ru-râ šost u zân âb-e sard.
- he washed his hands and face with that cold water.
- (figurative) unenthusiastic, lukewarm, discouraged
- Antonym: گرم (garm, “warm, enthusiastic”)
- (figurative) cold, bitter
- آه سرد ― âh-e sard ― bitter sigh
Derived terms
editFurther reading
edit- Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “سرد”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “سرد”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
Urdu
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editسرد • (sarad) f (Hindi spelling सरद)
Etymology 2
editBorrowed from Classical Persian سرد (sard), from Middle Persian slt' (sard).
Adjective
editسرد • (sard) (Hindi spelling सर्द)
References
edit- John T. Platts (2012 July 31 (last accessed)) “A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[5]
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root س ر د
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
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- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
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- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
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