Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/koč
Proto-Turkic
editEtymology
editThe form *kočgar is morphologically obscure as there is no *-gar suffix.
Nishanyan compares it to Armenian ոչխար (očʻxar, “ram”) and Arabic كبش (kabš, “ram”), however neither of these words can etymologically and phonologically be related to this word.
Noun
edit*koč
Declension
editDeclension of *koč
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *koč |
Accusative | *kočug, *kočnï1) |
Genitive | *kočnuŋ |
Dative | *kočka |
Locative | *kočda |
Ablative | *kočdan |
Allative | *kočgaru |
Instrumental 2) | *kočun |
Equative 2) | *kočča |
Similative 2) | *kočlayu |
Comitative 2) | *kočlugu |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
editAnimals in Turkic | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
dog: *ï̄t |
|
hunting dog: *eker |
|
hen: *tiakïgu |
|
lark: *torgay |
|
dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin |
|
quail: *bïldurčïn |
|
sparrow: *serče | hawk, falcon: *kïrguy |
|
goose: *kāŕ | |
wolf: *bȫrü |
|
cow: *ingek |
|
calf: *buŕagu | |
|
camel: *tebe |
|
young of camel: *kȫĺek, *botu |
|
horse: *at |
foal: *kulun |
|
worm: *kūrt |
|
snake: *yï̄lan | |
fox: *tilkü | goat: *keči | he-goat: *teke | |||
lion: *arsïlan |
|
fish: *bālïk | carp bream: *čapak | ||
donkey: *eĺčgek | carp: *siāŕgan | catfish: *yāyïn | |||
beaver: *kunduŕ | hedgehog: *kirpi | badger: *borsmuk | |||
fly, mosquito: *siŋek | wasp, bee: *ārï | gadfly: *bȫgen | |||
moth: *küńe | louse: *bït | earthworm: *sïbuĺgan | |||
yak: *kotuz | colt: *sïp | dragon: *siāŕgan | |||
worm: *kūrt | deer: *keyik, *sïgun, *bulan, *bugu | lizard: *keleŕ |
References
edit- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kočŋar”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 592
- Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 233-234
- Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume VI, Moscow: Indrik, page 86
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 274
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “koç”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Koč”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Gombocz, Zoltán (1912) Die bulgarisch-türkischen Lehnwörter in der ungarischen Sprache [The Bulgarian–Turkic Loanwords in the Hungarian Language] (Suomalais-ugrilaisen Seuran toimituksia = Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne; XXX)[2] (in German), page 100
- Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)[3], Utrecht: LOT, page 430
- Bayarma Khabtagaeva (2019), Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The Languages of Asia Series; 19), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages: 71‒72