ram

See also: Ram, RAM, rám, râm, Râm, and rắm

English

A ram (male sheep)

Pronunciation

• (UK, US) enPR: răm, IPA^(key): /ɹæm/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æm

Etymology 1

From Middle English ram, rom, ramme, from Old English ramm (“ram”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“ram”), possibly from *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Rom (“ram”), Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), German Ramm, Ramme (“ram”). Possibly akin also to Danish ram (“sharp; acrid; rank”), Swedish ram (“strong; perfect”), Faroese ramur (“strong; competent”), Icelandic rammur (“strong; sturdy”).

Noun

ram (plural rams)

1. A male sheep, typically uncastrated
2. A battering ram; a heavy object used for breaking through doors.
3. A warship intended to sink other ships by ramming them.
4. A piston powered by hydraulic pressure.
5. A weight which strikes a blow, in a ramming device such as a pile driver, a steam hammer, a stamp mill.

Derived terms

• hydraulic ram
• ramequin, ramekin
• ram press
• ramrod

 

Translations

male sheep

• Albanian: dash (sq) m
• Arabic: كَبْش‎ m (kabš)

  Egyptian Arabic: كبش‎ m (kabš)

• Archi: баӏкӏ (baˤk')
• Armenian: խոյ (hy) (xoy)
• Aromanian: birbec (roa-rup)
• Azerbaijani: qoç, qoyun (az)
• Bashkir: тәкә (täkä), һарыҡ тәкәһе (harïq täkähe)
• Basque: ahari (eu)
• Belarusian: бара́н m (barán)
• Breton: maout (br) m, tourz m
• Bulgarian: ове́н (bg) m (ovén)
• Burmese: သိုးထီး (my) (sui:hti:)
• Catalan: marrà (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 公羊 (zh) (gōngyáng)

• Crimean Tatar: qoçqar
• Czech: beran (cs) m
• Danish: vædder m
• Dutch: ram (nl) m
• Egyptian: (zr)
• Esperanto: virŝafo
• Estonian: oinas (et), jäär (et), lambanahk (et)
• Faroese: veðrur m, (archaic) veður
• Finnish: pässi (fi)
• French: bélier (fr) m
• Friulian: roc m
• Galician: carneiro (gl) m, marón m, brexo m, borro (gl) m, carnocho m, rexelo (gl) m, bidente m
• Georgian: ვერძი (verʒi)
• German: Schafbock m, Schafsbock m, Widder (de) m, Hammel (de) m (castrated), Schöps (de) m (castrated; regional, eastern Germany, Austria)
• Greek: κριάρι (el) n (kriári), κριός (el) m (kriós)

  Ancient: κριός m (kriós)

• Gutnish: vädrä m
• Hebrew: אַיִל‎ (he) m (áyil)
• Hindi: मेंढ़ा m (meṇṛhā), भेड़ा (hi) m (bheṛā), मेष (hi) m (meṣ)
• Hungarian: kos (hu)
• Icelandic: hrútur (is) m
• Inari Sami: vierccâ
• Irish: reithe m
• Italian: ariete (it) m, montone (it) m
• Japanese: 牡羊 (おひつじ, ohitsuji), 雄羊 (おひつじ, ohitsuji)
• Korean: 숫양 (sudyang)
• Kurdish:

  Laki: ڤِرەن‎ (viren)

  Northern Kurdish: beran (ku) m

  Sorani: بەران‎ (ku) (beran)

  Southern Kurdish: وەرەن‎ (weren)

• Ladin: muton m, bagot m, curnëtl
• Latin: aries (la) m
• Latvian: auns m, tekulis m
• Lithuanian: avinas (lt) m, tekis (lt) m
• Low German: Ramm m
• Luxembourgish: Widder m, Schofsbock m
• Macedonian: овен m (oven)
• Manx: rea m, conrea m (with undescended testes), faase rea m (half-castrated)
• Maori: hipi toa
• Mingrelian: ერჯი (erǯi)
• Navajo: deenástsʼaaʼ
• Northern Sami: vierca
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: vær (no) m, saubukk m, sauebukk m

  Nynorsk: vêr (nn) m, saubukk m, sauebukk m

• Persian: قوچ‎ (fa) (quč), تکل‎ (fa) (tekel), راک‎ (fa) (râk)

  Middle Persian: warān

• Polish: tryk (pl) m, baran (pl) m
• Portuguese: carneiro (pt) m, aríete (pt) m
• Romanian: berbec (ro) m, arete m
• Russian: бара́н (ru) m (barán), (archaic, poetic) ове́н (ru) m (ovén)
• Sanskrit: उरण (sa) m (uraṇa)
• Scots: tuip
• Scottish Gaelic: rùda m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ован m, баран m (regional)

  Roman: ovan (sh) m, baran (sh) m (regional)

• Slovak: baran (sk) m
• Slovene: oven (sl) m
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: baran m

• Spanish: carnero (es) m, morueco m, ariete (es) m
• Swedish: bagge (sv), gumse (sv)
• Telugu: పొట్టేలు (te) (poṭṭēlu)
• Turkish: koç (tr), koyun (tr)
• Ukrainian: бара́н (uk) m (barán)
• Vietnamese: cừu đực
• Volapük: hijip (vo), hojip (vo) (castrated)
• Welsh: hwrdd (cy) m (South), maharen (cy) m (North)
• Wolof: kuuy mi
• Yiddish: ווידער‎ m (vider)
• Yoruba: àgbò
• Zazaki: beran

battering ram — see battering ram

warship that sinks other ships by ramming them

• Finnish: puskuri (fi)
• Greek: εμβολοφόρος πρώρα (emvolofóros próra)

• Italian: ariete (it) m, sperone (it) m
• Spanish: nave ariete f, nave de abordaje f

piston powered by hydraulic pressure

• Danish: stempel, stødslæde
• Finnish: hydraulimäntä, juntta (fi)
• Greek: κρουστικό έμβολο n (kroustikó émvolo)
• Italian: maglio (it) m, maglio idraulico m

• Polish: siłownik m
• Russian: тара́н (ru) m (tarán), гидравли́ческий тара́н m (gidravlíčeskij tarán)
• Spanish: pistón hidráulico m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• German: Sturmbock m (2), Ramme f (2), Widderschiff n (3)

• Romanian: berbec (1)

Etymology 2

From Middle English rammen, from the noun (see above). Compare Old High German rammen.

Verb

ram (third-person singular simple present rams, present participle ramming, simple past and past participle rammed)

1. (transitive, intransitive) To collide with (an object), usually with the intention of damaging it or disabling its function.

   The man, driving an SUV, then rammed the gate, according to police.

   Two snatch thieves who snatched a woman’s bag experienced swift karma when their victim accidentally rammed into their motorcycle.

2. (transitive) To strike (something) hard, especially with an implement.

   After placing the cartridge in the musket, ram it down securely with the ramrod.

   To build a sturdy fence, you have to ram the posts deep into the ground.

3. (transitive) To fill or compact by pounding or driving.

   Rammed earth walls

4. (slang) To thrust during sexual intercourse.
   • 1999, Mr.Web, Size Matters review by mr. web review Group: rec.arts.movies.erotica

     like feel a soft butt against their pelvis or ram a girl really hard with piston-like speed while she begs and screams for more

Translations

intentionally collide with (a ship)

• Dutch: rammen (nl)
• Finnish: puskea (fi)
• French: éperonner (fr)
• German: rammen (de)
• Greek: εμβολίζω (el) (emvolízo)
• Italian: speronare (it)

• Latin: arietō
• Lithuanian: taranuoti
• Portuguese: abalroar (pt)
• Russian: тара́нить (ru) (taránitʹ)
• Spanish: embestir (es)

strike (something) hard

• Dutch: rammen (nl)
• Finnish: iskeä (fi), lyödä (fi), juntata (fi)
• Galician: turrar (gl)
• German: rammen (de)
• Greek: βροντώ (el) (vrontó)

• Latin: arietō
• Russian: забива́ть (ru) (zabivátʹ), вти́скивать (ru) (vtískivatʹ), трамбова́ть (ru) (trambovátʹ)
• Spanish: arietar (es), topar (es)

See also

• Wikipedia article on sheep
• ewe
• hog
• shearling
• teg
• wether

Etymology 3

Likely from Old Norse ramr, rammr (“strong, rank, bitter”), from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong, overbearing; acrid, rank”), perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above. Compare Scots ram (“a rank odour”). Compare also Middle English rammish (“rank, offensive in smell”).

Adjective

ram (comparative more ram, superlative most ram)

1. (Northern England) Rancid, offensive in smell or taste.

Anagrams

• -mar-, AMR, ARM, Arm, Arm., MAR, MRA, Mar, Mar., RMA, arm, mar, mar-

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑm/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ram
• Rhymes: -ɑm

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), from Old Dutch *ram, of West-Germanic origin, possibly from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate to English ram (“a male sheep”).

Noun

ram m (plural rammen, diminutive rammetje n, feminine ooi)

1. ram (male sheep)
2. male rabbit
3. battering ram

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the main entry.

Verb

ram

1. first-person singular present indicative of rammen
2. imperative of rammen

Anagrams

• arm

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Elfdalian

Adjective

ram

1. hoarse

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

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Friulian

Etymology 1

From Latin rāmus.

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

1. branch

Related terms

• rame

Etymology 2

From Vulgar Latin *arame(n), from Late Latin aerāmen, from Latin aes (“copper”). Compare Italian rame.

Noun

ram m

1. copper

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Gerka

Alternative forms

• ɣam

Etymology

Related to Ngas am (“water”).

Noun

ram

1. water

References

• Takács, Gábor (2007) Etymological Dictionary of Egyptian, volume 3, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 201:

  […] we should carefully distinguish the following Ch. roots from AA *m-ˀ "water" [GT]:

  (1) Ch. *h-m "water" [GT]: WCh. *hama [Stl.]: AS *ham (Gmy. *hām) [GT 2004, 153] = *am [Stl. 1977] = *ham [Dlg.] = *ham [Stl. 1987]: Gerka ram [ɣam, ref. < *ham] [Ftp. 1911, 221] = ɣàm "Wasser" [Jng. 1965, 174], […]

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Haruai

Noun

ram

1. house

Further reading

• Dicky Gilbers, ‎John A. Nerbonne, ‎J. Schaeken, Languages in Contact (2000, →ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

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Kobon

Noun

ram

1. house

Further reading

• Bernard Comrie, Switch Reference in Huichol, in Switch-reference and Universal Grammar, edited by John Haiman, Pamela Munro, page 29 (in notes):

  hol bɨ kaj pak-ul ram ud ar-bul

  we-two man pig strike SS-1DU house take go I-1DU

  'we two killed a pig and took it home'

• Dicky Gilbers, ‎John A. Nerbonne, ‎J. Schaeken, Languages in Contact (2000, →ISBN), page 84: "Examples of basic vocabulary items that are shared by Haruai and Kobon but not by Hagahai (on the basis of the lists in Davies and Comrie (1984)) include, for instance: Haruai ram, Kobon ram 'house';"

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Maltese

Etymology

From Italian rame (“copper”).

Noun

ram m

1. copper

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• rame, ramme, rom, rem

Etymology

From Old English ramm, from Proto-Germanic *rammaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ram/, /raːm/, /rɔm/

Noun

ram (plural rams)

1. male sheep, ram
2. (astrology) Aries
3. pile driver, battering ram

Descendants

• English: ram
• Scots: ram

References

• “ram (n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-04-03.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

ram

1. imperative of ramme

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Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin rāmus. Gallo-Romance cognate with Old French raim.

Noun

ram m (oblique plural rams, nominative singular rams, nominative plural ram)

1. branch (of a tree, etc.)

Related terms

• ramel

Descendants

• Catalan: ram
• Occitan: ram

References

• von Wartburg, Walther (1928-2002), “rāmus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 100, page 39

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Romanian

Etymology

From Latin rāmus, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”).

Noun

ram n (plural ramuri)

1. (rare) branch, bough

Synonyms

• creangă
• ramură

Related terms

• ramură
• rămuros
• dărâma

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Romansch

Etymology 1

From Latin rāmus.

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

1. (Puter) branch (of tree, river, etc.)
2. (Puter, education) subject

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom

Synonyms

• (branch): (Puter) manzina

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ram m (plural rams)

1. (Puter) frame, framework

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom
• (Sursilvan) rama

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ram f (plural rams)

1. (Puter) knot, gnarl

Alternative forms

• (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan, Surmiran, Vallader) rom

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Swedish

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Noun

ram c

1. frame (e.g. around a painting)
2. frame, boundaries (the set of options for actions given)
3. frame (a context for understanding)
4. paw (of a bear)
5. bicycle frame

Declension

Declension of ram
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	ram	ramen	ramar	ramarna
Genitive	rams	ramens	ramars	ramarnas

Anagrams

• arm, mar

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English rum.

Noun

ram

1. rum

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Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zaːm˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐaːm˧˧]
• (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [ɹaːm˧˧]

Noun

ram

1. (Central Vietnam) spring roll

Synonyms

• nem