atkarība
See also: atkarībā
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Calque of German Abhängigkeit (“dependence”), coined at the end of the 19th century from atkār(t) (“to hang down”) + -ība (with atkārt from at- + kārt (“to hang”)), together with the related term atkarīgs.[1]
Pronunciation edit
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Noun edit
atkarība f (4th declension)
- dependence (the state of that which is dependent, which is in the power, under the influence of someone, something, some country)
- koloniālā atkarība ― colonial dependence
- materiālā atkarība ― material dependence
- Kalnbirze apzinājās savu nevarību un pilnīgo atkarību no šīs sievietes ― Kalnbirze was aware of his helplessness, of his full dependence of these women
- dependence (a logical causal relation)
- savstarpēja atkarība ― mutual dependence, interdependence
- formas atkarība no satura ― the dependence of form on content
- augu valsts atkarība no ģeogrāfiskajiem apstākļiem ― the dependence of vegetation on geographic circumstances
- temperatūras atkarība no dažādiem faktoriem ― the dependence of temperature on several factors
- (in the locative, used adverbially) depending on, according to
- rīkoties atkarībā no asptākļiem ― to act according to circumstances
- Ilga saka jā, Ilga saka nē, Ilga vienkārši paloka vai pakrata galvu... atkarībā no jautājuma, atkarībā no iespējas atbildēt ― Ilga says yes, Ilga says no, Ilga nods or shakes her head... depending on the question, depending on the possibility of answering
Declension edit
Declension of atkarība (4th declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
---|---|---|
nominative (nominatīvs) | atkarība | — |
accusative (akuzatīvs) | atkarību | — |
genitive (ģenitīvs) | atkarības | — |
dative (datīvs) | atkarībai | — |
instrumental (instrumentālis) | atkarību | — |
locative (lokatīvs) | atkarībā | — |
vocative (vokatīvs) | atkarība | — |
Antonyms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “atkarība”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN