blood, sweat and tears
English
editAlternative forms
edit- blood, sweat, and tears (Oxford comma)
Etymology
editPopularized through a famous speech made by Winston Churchill to the House of Commons in 1940,[1] with slight modification, but already present in earlier poetry.[2]
More information
May be an extension of a much older Indo-European poetic formula “blood and tears”; compare e.g. Hittite 𒂊𒌍𒄩𒉌 𒅖𒄩𒄴𒊒𒌑𒄿 (e-eš-ḫa-ni iš-ḫa-aḫ-ru-ú-i, “in blood [and] in tear(s)”).[3] It is common in Indo-European oral traditions to juxtapose three bodily substances pertaining to a certain theme, such as “flesh, bone and marrow” for the internal solids (cf. Calin (2017), pages 143–146).
Pronunciation
editAudio (General Australian): (file)
Noun
editblood, sweat and tears pl (plural only)
- (idiomatic) A person's determination and hard work.
- c. 1680 [1655], William Drummond of Hawthornden, “The History of the Reign of James the Firſt, King of Scotland”, in The History of Scotland […] , Tho. Fabian, page 29:
- […] for if Princes could keep their own, and that which juſtly belongeth unto them, they could not be urged to draw ſuch extraordinary Subſidies from the blood, ſweat, and tears of their people-; […]
- 2021 October 20, Angie Doll explains to Paul Clifton, “We were absolutely at rock bottom...”, in RAIL, number 942, page 37:
- She concludes: "I have put blood, sweat and tears into this business. I am genuinely more excited now than I have ever been. I plan to stick around."
Translations
editperson's determination and hard work
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References
edit- ^ Winston Churchill (1940 May 13) Blood, Toil, Tears and Sweat: “I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined the government: “I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.””
- ^ John Donne (1611) An Anatomy of the World[1]: “And learnſt thus much by our Anatomy / That 'tis in vaine to dew, or mollifie / It with thy Teares, or Sweat, or Blood: […]”
- ^ Calin, Didier (2017) “blood”, in Dictionary of Indo-European Poetic and Religious Themes (Linguistique; 3), Les Cent Chemins, →ISBN, page 36 of 33–37: “BLOOD and TEARS — PIE *éshr̥…hák̑ru”