и

See also: Appendix:Variations of "i"

и U+0438, и CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I ← з [U+0437] Cyrillic й → [U+0439]

Translingual

Letter

и (upper case И)

1. A letter of several Cyrillic alphabets.

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Adyghe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jə]

• audio

  (file)

Numeral

и • (i)

1. eight

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Azerbaijani

Cyrillic letter И и (И и), normal above, italics below.

Handwritten forms

Letter

и (lowercase, uppercase и) (italics: И, и)

1. The eleventh letter of the Cyrillic alphabet as formerly used for Azeri, preceded by З and followed by Ы, and representing /ɪ/. Since 1991, this sound has been written İ.

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Bashkir

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

и • (i) (upper case И)

1. The twelfth letter of the Bashkir alphabet

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) хәреф (xäref); А а (A a), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (G g), Ғ ғ (Ğ ğ), Д д (D d), Ҙ ҙ (Đ ð), Е е (Ye ye), Ё ё (Yo yo), Ж ж (Ž ž), З з (Z z), И и (I i), Й й (Y y), К к (K k), Ҡ ҡ (Q q), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), Ң ң (Ñ ñ), О о (O o), Ө ө (Ö ö), П п (P p), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Ҫ ҫ (Θ θ), Т т (T t), У у (U u), Ү ү (Ü ü), Ф ф (F f), Х х (X x), Һ һ (H h), Ц ц (Ts ts), Ч ч (Č č), Ш ш (Š š), Щ щ (Šč šč), Ъ ъ (ʺ ʺ), Ы ы (Ï ï), Ь ь (’ ’), Э э (E e), Ә ә (Ä ä), Ю ю (Yu yu), Я я (Ya ya)

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Bulgarian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): [i]

Letter

и • (i) (upper case И)

1. The ninth letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) А а (A a), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (G g), Д д (D d), Е е (E e), Ж ж (Ž ž), З з (Z z), И и (I i) (Ѝ ѝ (Ì ì)), Й й (J j), К к (K k), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), О о (O o), П п (P p), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Т т (T t), У у (U u), Ф ф (F f), Х х (H h), Ц ц (C c), Ч ч (Č č), Ш ш (Š š), Щ щ (Št št), Ъ ъ (Ǎ ǎ), Ь ь (ʹ ʹ), Ю ю (Ju ju), Я я (Ja ja)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and (used to connect two homogeneous similar words or phrases)

   Момчета и момичета излизат да играят.

   Momčeta i momičeta izlizat da igrajat.

   Boys and girls come out to play.

2. and (used at the end of a list to indicate the last item)

   хляб, масло и сирене

   hljab, maslo i sirene

   bread, butter and cheese

3. and (used to join sentences or sentence fragments in chronological order)

   Поправих стола и той отново се счупи.

   Popravih stola i toj otnovo se sčupi.

   I mended the chair and it broke again.

4. and (used to indicate causation)

   Още веднъж ме попитай за определението на „и“ и ще изкрещя.

   Ošte vednǎž me popitaj za opredelenieto na „i“ i šte izkreštja.

   Ask me the definition of “and” again and I’ll scream.

5. and (used to ask for elaboration)

   „Нямам ключ.“   „И...“   „И ми трябва, за да вляза.“

   „Njamam ključ.“   „I...“   „I mi trjabva, za da vljaza.“

   “I don't have a key.”   “And...”   “And I need one to get in.”

6. also, too, likewise, as well

   Synonym: също (sǎšto)

   И аз няма да бъда там.

   I az njama da bǎda tam.

   I shan't be there either.

   И аз ще бъда там.

   I az šte bǎda tam.

   I shall be there, too./I shall also be there.

   и двамата ― i dvamata ― both

7. even (implying an extreme example in the case mentioned, as compared to the implied reality)

   Synonym: дори (dori)

   Не съм го и видял.

   Ne sǎm go i vidjal.

   I haven't even seen him.

8. just, exactly, precisely

   Synonym: именно (imenno)

   Така и предполагах.

   Taka i predpolagah.

   Just as I suspected.

9. (mathematics) and, plus (used to indicate addition)

   Пет и шест е единадесет.

   Pet i šest e edinadeset.

   Five and six is eleven.

See also

• ѝ (pronoun)

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Chechen

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and

See also

• а (a)

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Itelmen

Etymology

From Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *'iv

Noun

и (i)

1. water

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Kabardian

Kabardian cardinal numbers

<  7	8	9  >
Cardinal : и (i)

Numeral

и • (i)

1. eight

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Kazakh

Cyrillic	и (i)
Arabic	ي‎
Latin	{{{3}}}

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /əj/

Letter

и • (i) (lower case, upper case И)

1. The twelfth letter of the Kazakh Cyrillic alphabet

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) А а (A a), Ә ә (Ä ä), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (G g), Ғ ғ (Ğ ğ), Д д (D d), Е е (E e), Ё ё (E e), Ж ж (J j), З з (Z z), И и (I i), Й й (İ i), К к (K k), Қ қ (Q q), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), Ң ң (Ñ ñ), О о (O o), Ө ө (Ö ö), П п (P p), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Т т (T t), У у (U u), Ұ ұ (U u), Ү ү (Ü ü), Ф ф (F f), Х х (X x), Һ һ (H h), Ц ц (S s), Ч ч (Ş ş), Ш ш (Ş ş), Щ щ (Ş ş), Ъ ъ ( ), Ы ы (Y y), І і (ı ı), Ь ь ( ), Э э (E e), Ю ю (Ü ü), Я я (Ä ä)

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Ket

Etymology

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔiG.

Noun

и (i) n (plural э’ӈ)

1. name

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Komi-Zyrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian и (i).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi/, [ˈi]
• Hyphenation: и

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and
2. but
3. even

References

• Bubrikh, Dmitry V. (1949) Грамматика литературного Коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language] (in Russian), Leningrad: Zhdanov Leningrad State University, page 37
• L. M. Beznosikova; E. A. Ajbabina; R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-Русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 234

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Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *i.

Pronunciation

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /i/
• (letter name): IPA^(key): [i]

• Audio

  (file)

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and
2. both

   И рацете и нозете ти се изгребани.

   I racete i nozete ti se izgrebani.

   Both your arms and your legs are scratched.

Interjection

и • (i)

1. oh no

Particle

и • (i)

1. too, also

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Mongolian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

и • (i) (lower case, upper case И) (italics: И, и)

1. The tenth letter of the Mongolian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) А а (A a), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (G g), Д д (D d), Е е (Yö yö), Ё ё (Yo yo), Ж ж (J j), З з (Dz dz), И и (I i), Й й (Y y), К к (K k), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), О о (O o), Ө ө (Ö ö), П п (P p), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Т т (T t), У у (U u), Ү ү (Ü ü), Ф ф (F f), Х х (H h), Ц ц (Ts ts), Ч ч (Ch ch), Ш ш (Sh sh), Щ щ (Shch shch), Ъ ъ (’ ’), Ы ы (Ϊ ϊ), Ь ь (Ĭ ĭ), Э э (E e), Ю ю (Yü yü), Я я (Ya ya)

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Nivkh

Etymology 1

Particle

и (i)

1. yes, yeah, right

   Меги ӿуктоӽ виныте, и? ― Megi huktoẋ vinəte, i? ― We're going there, right?

Etymology 2

Noun

и (i)

1. river

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Old Church Slavonic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *i.

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *jь.

Pronoun

и • (ji) m

1. him (* no nominative singular or plural; use тъ or онъ or оныи for the nominative)

Declension

Declension of и

Singular	Masculine	Neuter	Feminine
Nominative	и i	ѥ je	ꙗ ja
Accusative	и, нь i, nĭ	ѥ je	ѭ jǫ
Genitive	его ego	его ego	ѥѩ jeję
Locative	ѥмь jemĭ	ѥмь jemĭ	ѥи jei
Dative	емоу emu	емоу emu	ѥи jei
Instrumental	имь imĭ	имь imĭ	ѥѭ jejǫ

Dual	Masculine	Neuter	Feminine
Nominative	ꙗ ja	и i	и i
Accusative	ꙗ ja	и i	и i
Genitive	ѥю jeju	ѥю jeju	ѥю jeju
Locative	ѥю jeju	ѥю jeju	ѥю jeju
Dative	има ima	има ima	има ima
Instrumental	има ima	има ima	има ima

Plural	Masculine	Neuter	Feminine
Nominative	и i	ꙗ ja	ѩ ję
Accusative	ѩ ję	ꙗ ja	ѩ ję
Genitive	ихъ ixŭ	ихъ ixŭ	ихъ ixŭ
Locative	ихъ ixŭ	ихъ ixŭ	ихъ ixŭ
Dative	имъ imŭ	имъ imŭ	имъ imŭ
Instrumental	ими imi	ими imi	ими imi

Derived terms

• иже (iže)

See also

• сь (sĭ)
• тъ (tŭ)
• онъ (onŭ)

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Old East Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *i. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic и (i) and Old Polish i.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/
• Hyphenation: и

Conjunction

и (i)

1. and

Descendants

• Old Ruthenian: и (i)
  • Belarusian: і (i), й (j)
  • Rusyn: й (j)
  • Ukrainian: і (i), й (j)
• Russian: и (i)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *jь. Cognates include Old Church Slavonic и (i).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi/
• Hyphenation: и

Pronoun

и (i)

1. (rare) he

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/
• Hyphenation: и

Preposition

и (i)

1. (+ locative) Alternative form of въ (vŭ, “inside”)
2. (+ accusative) Alternative form of въ (vŭ, “into”)

References

• Sreznevsky, Izmail (1893), “и”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language According to Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1: А – К, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 1016

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Ossetian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

и • (i) (upper case И)

1. The twelfth letter of the Ossetian alphabet.

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) А а (A a), Ӕ ӕ (Æ æ), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (G g), Гъ гъ (Ǧ ǧ), Д д (D d), Дж дж (Ǵ ǵ), Дз дз (Ʒ ʒ), Е е (E e), З з (Z z), И и (I i), Й й (J j), К к (K k), Къ къ (K’ k’), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), О о (O o), П п (P p), Пъ пъ (P’ p’), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Т т (T t), Тъ тъ (Tʺ t’), У у (U u), Ф ф (F f), Х х (X x), Хъ хъ (Q q), Ц ц (C c), Цъ цъ (C’ c’), Ч ч (Ḱ ḱ), Чъ чъ (Ḱ’ ḱ’), Ы ы (Y y)

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Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [i]

• audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From the early Cyrillic letter iže, from Greek Η (I, “eta”).

Letter

и • (i) (lower case, upper case И) (italics: И, и)

1. The tenth letter of the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is и (i) and is usually pronounced /i/, but unstressed or after certain consonants it merges with ы into /ɪ/. It is preceded by З (Z) and followed by Й (J).

See also

• Wikipedia article on the Cyrillic alphabet
• Search en.wiktionary.org for articles beginning with: И, и

Noun

и • (i) n inan (indeclinable)

1. The Cyrillic letter И (I), и (i).
2. (Roman letter) I, i
3. (English letter) E, e

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *i, from Proto-Indo-European *ei, an early locative singular determiner, formed from the root *h₁e-, *h₁o-. Compare Greek εἰ (eἰ, “if”), Gothic 𐌴𐌹 (ei, “and, so that, be it”). Follows from ablative Proto-Indo-European *ed.

Conjunction

и • (i)

1. and

   Synonyms: а (a), да (da)

   Вот я́блоко и гру́ша. ― Vot jábloko i grúša. ― Here’s an apple and a pear.

   Да и да́же уже́ не боли́т. ― Da i dáže užé ne bolít. ― And it doesn't even hurt anymore.

   Да да́же уже́ и не боли́т. ― Da dáže užé i ne bolít. ― And it doesn't even hurt anymore.

2. as well as, both ... and ...

   Росси́и нужны́ и а́рмия, и фло́т. ― Rossíi nužný i ármija, i flót. ― Russia needs an army as well as a navy.

3. as well

   Synonyms: ещё и (ješčó i), та́кже и (tákže i)

   Я и э́то зна́ю. ― Ja i éto znáju. ― I know that as well.

4. even

   Бою́сь дана́йцев и дары́ принося́щих. ― Bojúsʹ danájcev i darý prinosjáščix. ― I fear the Danaans [Greeks], even those bearing gifts.

   Да он и её не нашёл — сло́вно нас успе́ли обокра́сть. ― Da on i jejó ne našól — slóvno nas uspéli obokrástʹ. ― And he didn't find even that, as if someone had managed to rob us.

   Ой, да я ж да́же и не пыта́лся! ― Oj, da ja ž dáže i ne pytálsja! ― Oh my! I didn't even try to put any effort! (It can be either sarcasm or not) (даже means "even" too)

Particle

и • (i)

1. Used as an emphasiser, including in a few set phrases. (Note that "есть (jestʹ)" is also used, which is usually omitted.)
   1. To emphasise the truth of a verb

      Он так и де́лает. ― On tak i délajet. ― He does do it that way.

      Она́ и пошла́ туда́. ― Oná i pošlá tudá. ― She did go there.

      Оно́ и есть тако́е. ― Onó i jestʹ takóje. ― It is like that.

      Я и есть тот челове́к. ― Ja i jestʹ tot čelovék. ― I am that person.

   2. To emphasise a contrast

      А е́сли и есть... ― A jésli i jestʹ... ― And if there is... (after having stated that there isn't)

      А мо́жет быть и нет. ― A móžet bytʹ i net. ― Or maybe not (after having stated that something may be).

      Э́то бу́дет траге́дией, но, похо́же, всё к э́тому и идёт. ― Éto búdet tragédijej, no, poxóže, vsjó k étomu i idjót. ― This would be a tragedy, but it looks like things are heading that way.

   3. To emphasise a parenthetical remark

      как и всегда́ ― kak i vsegdá ― as always

      Он челове́к, как и ты. ― On čelovék, kak i ty. ― He's a person, like you.

      Я осужда́л всех, в том числе́ и себя́. ― Ja osuždál vsex, v tom čislé i sebjá. ― I blamed everyone, including myself.

      Опа́сность мирово́го конфли́кта, хотя́ и отдалённая, по-пре́жнему сохраня́ется.

      Opásnostʹ mirovóvo konflíkta, xotjá i otdaljónnaja, po-préžnemu soxranjájetsja.

      The risk of world conflict, though remote, is still present.

   4. As other emphasis or in set phrases

      Я не зна́ю, поэ́тому и спра́шиваю. ― Ja ne znáju, poétomu i sprášivaju. ― I don't know. That's why I'm asking.

      так и есть ― tak i jestʹ ― so it is

      так и на́до ― tak i nádo ― that's how it should be

      Мне э́то и впрямь ко́е-что напомина́ет. ― Mne éto i vprjamʹ kóje-što napominájet. ― This really reminds me of something.

      Похо́же, ты и впра́вду меня́ пло́хо зна́ешь. ― Poxóže, ty i vprávdu menjá plóxo znáješʹ. ― Looks like you really don't know me.

      Не отта́лкивай того́ челове́ка, кото́рый и пра́вда беспоко́ится о тебе́. ― Ne ottálkivaj tovó čelovéka, kotóryj i právda bespokóitsja o tebé. ― Don't push away the person who actually cares about you.

      вот и всё ― vot i vsjó ― that's all

      А вот и наш друг. ― A vot i naš drug. ― Here comes our friend.

      почему́ бы и нет ― počemú by i net ― why not

      так и не ― tak i ne ― never (managed to, got round to)

      и без того́ ― i bez tovó ― already, as it is, even without that

Descendants

• → Ingrian: i
• → Komi-Zyrian: и (i)

Etymology 3

From Mandarin 彝 (yí).

Noun

и • (i) n inan (indeclinable)

1. Yi (an ethnic group of southwestern China)
2. Yi (the Tibeto-Burman languages used by the Yi)
3. Yi (the script used to write the languages)

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /i/

Letter

и (Latin spelling i)

1. The 10th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic alphabet, preceded by з and followed by ј.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *i, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i/

• audio

  (file)

Conjunction

и (Latin spelling i)

1. and

   Ивица и Марица се воле ― Ivica and Marica love each other.

   и тако даље ― and so on

2. (и..и..) both..and..

   не можеш истовремено и тужити и судити. ― you can't simultaneously both sue and judge

3. also, too

   и мени се свиђа ваш одабир ― I like your choice too

4. even (usually preceded by ча̏к)

   (чак) и ја сам позван на забаву! ― even I have been invited to the party

5. (не са̏мо .. не̏го/ве̏ћ и...) also, too

   он је не само даровит, него и јако марљив ― he is not only talented, but also very industrious

6. so, so that (= те, па)

   уморио сам се и нисам могао више играти кошарку ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore

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Tundra Nenets

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjiː/

Noun

и • (yī)

1. mind

Derived terms

• исавэй

 

References

• A. P. Pyrerka and N. M. Tereshenko, editors (1948) Русско-Ненецкий словарь [Russian-Nenets dictionary], Moscow: Огиз, page 292
• Irina Nikolaeva (2014) A Grammar of Tundra Nenets, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, →ISBN, page 32

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Ukrainian

Pronunciation

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ɪ/

Letter

и • (y) (upper case И)

1. The eleventh letter of the Ukrainian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See also

• (Cyrillic-script letters) А а (A a), Б б (B b), В в (V v), Г г (H h), Ґ ґ (G g), Д д (D d), Е е (E e), Є є (Je je), Ж ж (Ž ž), З з (Z z), И и (Y y), І і (I i), Ї ї (Ji ji), Й й (J j), К к (K k), Л л (L l), М м (M m), Н н (N n), О о (O o), П п (P p), Р р (R r), С с (S s), Т т (T t), У у (U u), Ф ф (F f), Х х (X x), Ц ц (C c), Ч ч (Č č), Ш ш (Š š), Щ щ (Šč šč), Ь ь (ʹ ʹ), Ю ю (Ju ju), Я я (Ja ja)