и

See also: Appendix:Variations of "i"
Cirila-и-minuskla.svg
и U+0438, и
CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I
← з
[U+0437] 		Cyrillic й →
[U+0439]

TranslingualEdit

LetterEdit

и (upper case И)

  1. A letter of several Cyrillic alphabets.

AdygheEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): [jə]
  • audio
    		(file)

NumeralEdit

и • (i)

  1. eight

AzerbaijaniEdit

 
Cyrillic letter И и (И и), normal above, italics below.
 
Handwritten forms

LetterEdit

и (lowercase, uppercase и) (italics: И, и)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Cyrillic alphabet as formerly used for Azeri, preceded by З and followed by Ы, and representing /ɪ/. Since 1991, this sound has been written İ.

BashkirEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и • (i) (upper case И)

  1. The twelveth letter of the Bashkir alphabet

See alsoEdit

BulgarianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и • (i) (upper case И)

  1. The ninth letter of the Bulgarian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See alsoEdit


Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and (used to connect two homogeneous similar words or phrases)
    Момчета и момичета излизат да играят.
    Momčeta i momičeta izlizat da igrajat.
    Boys and girls come out to play.
  2. and (used at the end of a list to indicate the last item)
    хляб, масло и сирене
    hljab, maslo i sirene
    bread, butter and cheese
  3. and (used to join sentences or sentence fragments in chronological order)
    Поправих стола и той отново се счупи.
    Popravih stola i toj otnovo se sčupi.
    I mended the chair and it broke again.
  4. and (used to indicate causation)
    Още веднъж ме попитай за определението на „и“ и ще изкрещя.
    Ošte vednǎž me popitaj za opredelenieto na „i“ i šte izkreštja.
    Ask me the definition of “and” again and I’ll scream.
  5. and (used to ask for elaboration)
    „Нямам ключ.“   „И...“   „И ми трябва, за да вляза.“
    „Njamam ključ.“   „I...“   „I mi trjabva, za da vljaza.“
    “I don't have a key.”   “And...”   “And I need one to get in.”
  6. also, too, likewise, as well
    И аз няма да бъда там.
    I az njama da bǎda tam.
    I shan't be there either.
    И аз ще бъда там.
    I az šte bǎda tam.
    I shall be there, too./I shall also be there.
    и двамата ― i dvamata ― both
  7. even (implying an extreme example in the case mentioned, as compared to the implied reality)
    Не съм го и видял.
    Ne sǎm go i vidjal.
    I haven't even seen him.
  8. just, exactly, precisely
    Така и предполагах.
    Taka i predpolagah.
    Just as I suspected.
  9. (mathematics) and, plus (used to indicate addition)
    Пет и шест е единадесет.
    Pet i šest e edinadeset.
    Five and six is eleven.
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

ѝ • (ì) f (personal, possessive)

  1. Short form of the third-person singular feminite pronoun in the dative case, used as the indirect object of a verb, translated as to her, for her, her, when the noun is animate, and as to it, for it, it, when the noun is inanimate.
    Дай ѝ книгата.
    Daj ì knigata.
    Give her the book.
    Той ѝ написа писмо.
    Toj ì napisa pismo.
    He wrote her a letter.
    Не ѝ се ходи на кино.
    Ne ì se hodi na kino.
    She doesn't feel like going to the cinema.
    Котката си играеше с кълбото прежда, което ѝ бяха дали.
    Kotkata si igraeše s kǎlboto prežda, koeto ì bjaha dali.
    The cat was playing with the ball of yarn they had given it.
  2. Short form of the third-person singular feminine possessive pronoun, translated as her when the noun is animate, and as its when the noun is inanimate.
    Мария и баща ѝ.
    Marija i bašta ì.
    Maria and her father.
    Очите ѝ са сини.
    Očite ì sa sini.
    Her eyes are blue.
    Котката и опашката ѝ.
    Kotkata i opaškata ì.
    The cat and its tail.
Usage notesEdit
  • The accented letter ѝ (ì) is not considered a separate letter in Bulgarian, and is used only on this one occasion to disambiguate the pronoun ѝ (ì) from the conjunction и (i, “and”).
Related termsEdit
Bulgarian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Prepositional
Full Short Full Short
Singular First — аз (az) мен (men)
ме́не (méne) 		ме (me) ме́не (méne) ми (mi) мен (men)
ме́не (méne)
Second Informal ти (ti) теб (teb)
те́бе (tébe) 		те (te) те́бе (tébe) ти (ti) теб (teb)
те́бе (tébe)
Formal Ви́е (Víe) Вас (Vas) Ви (Vi) Вам (Vam) Ви (Vi) Вас (Vas)
Third Masculine той (toj) не́го (négo) го (go) не́му (nému) му (mu) не́го (négo)
Feminine тя (tja) не́я (néja) я (ja) ней (nej) ѝ (ì) не́я (néja)
Neuter то (to) не́го (négo) го (go) не́му (nému) му (mu) не́го (négo)
Plural First — ни́е (níe)
ний (nij) 		нас (nas) ни (ni) нам (nam) ни (ni) нас (nas)
Second Informal ви́е (víe)
вий (vij) 		вас (vas) ви (vi) вам (vam) ви (vi) вас (vas)
Formal Ви́е (Víe) Вас (Vas) Ви (Vi) Вам (Vam) Ви (Vi) Вас (Vas)
Third — те (te) тях (tjah) ги (gi) тям (tjam) им (im) тях (tjah)
Bulgarian possessive pronouns
Possessor Possessee
Number Person Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural Short form
indefinite definite subject form definite object form indefinite definite indefinite definite indefinite definite
Singular First мой (moj) мо́ят (mójat) мо́я (mója) мо́я (mója) мо́ята (mójata)
мо́йта (mójta) 		мо́е (móe) мо́ето (móeto)
мо́йто (mójto) 		мо́и (mói) мо́ите (móite)
мо́йте (mójte) 		ми (mi)
Second Informal твой (tvoj) тво́ят (tvójat) тво́я (tvója) тво́я (tvója) тво́ята (tvójata)
тво́йта (tvójta) 		тво́е (tvóe) тво́ето (tvóeto)
тво́йто (tvójto) 		тво́и (tvói) тво́ите (tvóite)
тво́йте (tvójte) 		ти (ti)
Formal Ваш (Vaš) Ва́шият (Vášijat) Ва́шия (Vášija) Ва́ша (Váša) Ва́шата (Vášata)
Ва́шта (Vášta) 		Ва́ше (Váše) Ва́шето (Vášeto)
Ва́што (Vášto) 		Ва́ши (Váši) Ва́шите (Vášite)
Ва́ште (Vášte) 		Ви (Vi)
Third Masculine не́гов (négov) не́говият (négovijat) не́говия (négovija) не́гова (négova) не́говата (négovata) не́гово (négovo) не́говото (négovoto) не́гови (négovi) не́говите (négovite) му (mu)
Feminine не́ин (néin) не́йният (néjnijat) не́йния (néjnija) не́йна (néjna) не́йната (néjnata) не́йно (néjno) не́йното (néjnoto) не́йни (néjni) не́йните (néjnite) ѝ (ì)
Neuter не́гов (négov) не́говият (négovijat) не́говия (négovija) не́гова (négova) не́говата (négovata) не́гово (négovo) не́говото (négovoto) не́гови (négovi) не́говите (négovite) му (mu)
Plural First наш (naš) на́шият (nášijat) на́шия (nášija) на́ша (náša) на́шата (nášata)
на́шта (nášta) 		на́ше (náše) на́шето (nášeto)
на́што (nášto) 		на́ши (náši) на́шите (nášite)
на́ште (nášte) 		ни (ni)
Second Informal ваш (vaš) ва́шият (vášijat) ва́шия (vášija) ва́ша (váša) ва́шата (vášata)
ва́шта (vášta) 		ва́ше (váše) ва́шето (vášeto)
ва́што (vášto) 		ва́ши (váši) ва́шите (vášite)
ва́ште (vášte) 		ви (vi)
Formal Ваш (Vaš) Ва́шият (Vášijat) Ва́шия (Vášija) Ва́ша (Váša) Ва́шата (Vášata)
Ва́шта (Vášta) 		Ва́ше (Váše) Ва́шето (Vášeto)
Ва́што (Vášto) 		Ва́ши (Váši) Ва́шите (Vášite)
Ва́ште (Vášte) 		Ви (Vi)
Third те́хен (téhen) те́хният (téhnijat) те́хния (téhnija) тя́хна (tjáhna) тя́хната (tjáhnata) тя́хно (tjáhno) тя́хното (tjáhnoto) те́хни (téhni) те́хните (téhnite) им (im)
Reflexive свой (svoj) сво́ят (svójat) сво́я (svója) сво́я (svója) сво́ята (svójata)
сво́йта (svójta) 		сво́е (svóe) сво́ето (svóeto)
сво́йто (svójto) 		сво́и (svói) сво́ите (svóite)
сво́йте (svójte) 		си (si)

ChechenEdit

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and

See alsoEdit

ItelmenEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *'iv

NounEdit

и (i)

  1. water

KabardianEdit

Kabardian cardinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : и (i)

NumeralEdit

и • (i)

  1. eight

KazakhEdit

Cyrillic и (ï)
Arabic ي‎

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и • (ï) (lower case, upper case И)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Kazakh Cyrillic alphabet

See alsoEdit

Komi-ZyrianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Russian и (i).

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and
  2. but
  3. even

ReferencesEdit

  • D. V. Bubrikh (1949) Грамматика литературного Коми языка [Grammar of the literary Komi language], Leningrad, page 37
  • L. M. Beznosikova; E. A. Ajbabina; R. I. Kosnyreva (2000) Коми-Русский словарь [Komi-Russian dictionary], →ISBN, page 234

MacedonianEdit

PronunciationEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Slavic *i.

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and
  2. both
    И рацете и нозете ти се изгребани.
    I racete i nozete ti se izgrebani.
    Both your arms and your legs are scratched.

ParticleEdit

и • (i)

  1. too, also

Old Church SlavonicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *i.

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *jь.

PronounEdit

и • (ji) m

  1. him (* no nominative singular or plural; use тъ or онъ or оныи for the nominative)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of и
Singular Masculine Neuter Feminine
Nominative и
i 		ѥ
je 		ꙗ
ja
Accusative и, нь
i, nĭ 		ѥ
je 		ѭ
jǫ
Genitive ѥго
jego 		ѥго
jego 		ѥѩ
jeję
Locative ѥмь
jemĭ 		ѥмь
jemĭ 		ѥи
jei
Dative ѥмоу
jemu 		ѥмоу
jemu 		ѥи
jei
Instrumental имь
imĭ 		имь
imĭ 		ѥѭ
jejǫ
Dual Masculine Neuter Feminine
Nominative ꙗ
ja 		и
i 		и
i
Accusative ꙗ
ja 		и
i 		и
i
Genitive ѥю
jeju 		ѥю
jeju 		ѥю
jeju
Locative ѥю
jeju 		ѥю
jeju 		ѥю
jeju
Dative има
ima 		има
ima 		има
ima
Instrumental има
ima 		има
ima 		има
ima
Plural Masculine Neuter Feminine
Nominative и
i 		ꙗ
ja 		ѩ
ję
Accusative ѩ
ję 		ꙗ
ja 		ѩ
ję
Genitive ихъ
ixŭ 		ихъ
ixŭ 		ихъ
ixŭ
Locative ихъ
ixŭ 		ихъ
ixŭ 		ихъ
ixŭ
Dative имъ
imŭ 		имъ
imŭ 		имъ
imŭ
Instrumental ими
imi 		ими
imi 		ими
imi
Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Old East SlavicEdit

ConjunctionEdit

и (i)

  1. and

OssetianEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и • (i) (upper case И)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Ossetian alphabet.

See alsoEdit

RussianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Early Cyrillic letter iže, from Greek Η (“eta”).

LetterEdit

и • (i) (lower case, upper case И) (italics: И, и)

  1. The tenth letter of the Russian Cyrillic alphabet. Its name is и (i) and is usually pronounced /i/, but unstressed or after certain consonants it merges with ы into /ɪ/. It is preceded by З (Z) and followed by Й (J).
See alsoEdit

NounEdit

и • (i) n inan (indeclinable)

  1. The Cyrillic letter И (I), и (i).
  2. (Roman letter) I, i
  3. (English letter) E, e

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *i, from Proto-Indo-European *ei, an early locative singular determiner, formed from the root *h₁e-, *h₁o-. Compare Greek εἰ (eἰ, “if”), Gothic 𐌴𐌹 (ei, “and, so that, be it”). Follows from ablative Proto-Indo-European *ed.

ConjunctionEdit

и • (i)

  1. and
    Вот я́блоко и гру́ша.
    Vot jábloko i grúša.
    Here’s an apple and a pear.
    Да и да́же уже́ не боли́т
    Da i dáže užé ne bolít
    And it doesn't even hurt anymore.
    Да да́же уже́ и не боли́т
    Da dáže užé i ne bolít
    And it doesn't even hurt anymore.
  2. as well as, both ... and ...
    Росси́и нужны́ и а́рмия, и фло́т.
    Rossíi nužný i ármija, i flót.
    Russia needs an army as well as a navy.
  3. as well
    Я и э́то зна́ю.
    Ja i éto znáju.
    I know that as well.
  4. even
    Бою́сь дана́йцев и дары́ принося́щих
    Bojúsʹ danájcev i darý prinosjáščix
    I fear the Danaans [Greeks], even those bearing gifts.
    Да он и её не нашёл — сло́вно нас успе́ли обокра́сть.
    Da on i jejó ne našól — slóvno nas uspéli obokrástʹ.
    And he didn't find even that, as if someone had managed to rob us.
    Ой, да я ж да́же и не пыта́лся!
    Oj, da ja ž dáže i ne pytálsja!
    Oh my! I didn't even try to put any effort! (It can be either sarcasm or not) (даже means "even" too)
SynonymsEdit
  • (and): а (a)
  • (and): да (da)

Etymology 3Edit

Same as 2.

ParticleEdit

и • (i)

  1. (preceding a verb) Emphasizes the truth of the following verb. Note that "есть (jestʹ)" is also used, which is usually omitted.
    Он так и де́лает.
    On tak i délajet.
    He does do it that way.
    Она́ и пошла́ туда́.
    Oná i pošlá tudá.
    She did go there.
    Оно́ и есть тако́е.
    Onó i jestʹ takóje.
    It is like that.
    Я и есть тот челове́к.
    Ja i jestʹ tot čelovék.
    I am that person.
DescendantsEdit
  • → Komi-Zyrian: и (i)

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и (Latin spelling i)

  1. The 10th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic alphabet, preceded by з and followed by ј.

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *i, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

и (Latin spelling i)

  1. and
    Ивица и Марица се воле ― Ivica and Marica love each other.
    и тако даље ― and so on
  2. (и..и..) both..and..
    не можеш истовремено и тужити и судити. ― you can't simultaneously both sue and judge
  3. also, too
    и мени се свиђа ваш одабир ― I like your choice too
  4. even (usually preceded by ча̏к)
    (чак) и ја сам позван на забаву! ― even I have been invited to the party
  5. (не са̏мо .. не̏го/ве̏ћ и...) also, too
    он је не само даровит, него и јако марљив ― he is not only talented, but also very industrious
  6. so, so that (= те, па)
    уморио сам се и нисам могао више играти кошарку ― I grew tired, so I couldn't play basketball anymore

UkrainianEdit

PronunciationEdit

LetterEdit

и • (y) (upper case И)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Ukrainian alphabet, written in the Cyrillic script.

See alsoEdit

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