ja
TranslingualEdit
SymbolEdit
ja
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from Afrikaans ja (“yes”), from Dutch ja (“yes”). More at yea.
Alternative formsEdit
AdverbEdit
ja (not comparable)
- (chiefly South Africa, informal) yes
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From the Revised Romanization of Korean 자 (ja).
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
ja (plural jas or ja)
- (Korean units of measure) Synonym of Korean foot: a traditional unit of length equivalent to about 30.3 cm.
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
DescendantsEdit
Alemannic GermanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old High German ja, jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja. Cognate with German ja, Dutch ja, English yea, Swedish ja.
AdverbEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- Abegg, Emil, (1911) Die Mundart von Urseren (Beiträge zur Schweizerdeutschen Grammatik. IV.) [The Dialect of Urseren], Frauenfeld, Switzerland: Huber & Co., page 13.
AssanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔaʒ (“I”). Compare Kott ai (“I”), Pumpokol ad (“I”), and Arin aj.
PronounEdit
ja
- I (first-person singular subjective)
SynonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
Atong (India)Edit
EtymologyEdit
Cognate with Garo ja (“moon, month”).
NounEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
BavarianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- already, (in negative sentences) any more
- now, immediately, at once
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ja” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Central MelanauEdit
< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : ja | ||
Alternative formsEdit
NumeralEdit
ja
SynonymsEdit
CimbrianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ja, from Old High German ja, jā, from Proto-West Germanic *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja. Cognate with German ja, English yea.
ParticleEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- “ja” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
DanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
NounEdit
ja n (singular definite jaet, plural indefinite jaer)
InflectionEdit
DimasaEdit
NounEdit
já
Derived termsEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- yes
- Wil je met ons meegaan? — Ja, graag!
- Would you like to come with us? — Yes, I'd love to!
- Wil je met ons meegaan? — Ja, graag!
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
NounEdit
ja m or n (plural ja's, diminutive jaatje n)
- yes
- Een ja kan je krijgen, een nee heb je al.
- A yes you can get, a no you already have.
- Het begon met een ja...
- It began with a yes...
- Een ja kan je krijgen, een nee heb je al.
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
- yes!
- "Ja!" riep hij luid toen er een doelpunt viel.
- Yes! he screamed loudly when they scored a goal.
- Synonym: yes
- "Ja!" riep hij luid toen er een doelpunt viel.
- (Suriname, informal, colloquial) A casual greeting acknowledging the presence of a person, chiefly someone the speaker is not acquainted with or is not friends with; hey, hi, what's up
- (Suriname, informal, colloquial) Used as a request for someone to repeat something not heard or understood clearly.
DescendantsEdit
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from German ja. Compare Polish jo, Yiddish יאָ (yo), English yea. Related to jes.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- indeed
- 2015, Kalle Kniivilä, “Sopiro al Sovetio [Yearning for the Soviet Union]”, in Krimeo estas nia [Crimea is ours]:
- Sed la bona soveta tempo neniam revenos. Ĝi ja neniam ekzistis.
- But the good Soviet times will never return, because they never existed.
- (literally, “But the good Soviet time will never come back. It indeed never existed.”)
Related termsEdit
EstonianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *ja, from Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”); compare Gothic 𐌾𐌰𐌷 (jah), Old High German ja, joh.
ConjunctionEdit
ja
SynonymsEdit
FaroeseEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse já, from Proto-Germanic *ja.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
NounEdit
ja n (genitive singular jas, plural ja)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of ja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n3 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | ja | jaið | ja | jaini |
accusative | ja | jaið | ja | jaini |
dative | jai | jainum | jaum | jaunum |
genitive | jas | jasins | jaa | jaanna |
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *ja (compare Estonian ja, Ingrian ja, Livonian ja, Votic ja), borrowed from Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”) (compare Gothic 𐌾𐌰𐌷 (jah), Old High German ja, joh).[1]
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
ja
- (coordinating) and
Usage notesEdit
- (ja/sekä):
- ja can be used more widely than sekä. As an example, sekä may not be used to join two independent clauses.
- sekä has a nuance of the things being more separate than with ja. If both words are used, ja ties things closer together than sekä.
- mansikka- ja vadelmahillo sekä muut hedelmäsäilykkeet ― strawberry and raspberry jam as well as other fruit preserves
- Vaahdota voi sekä sokeri ja sekoita joukkoon kuivat aineet. ― Cream the butter and sugar, and mix in the dry ingredients.
- In legal language, ja and sekä are distinguished more clearly. sekä is considered "stronger" than ja. For example, an attribute specified before a list will apply to every item with ja, but not with sekä.
- paineella tyhjennettävät ja täytettävät säiliöt ― containers that can be filled and emptied under pressure
- paineella tyhjennettävät sekä täytettävät säiliöt ― containers that can be filled and emptied under pressure
SynonymsEdit
- sekä (see the above usage notes)
NounEdit
ja
- AND (logic gate or connector)
DeclensionEdit
Rarely inflected; if inflection is necessary, it is used as a first component in a compound, such as JA-portti ("AND gate").
Inflection of ja (Kotus type 21/rosé, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | ja | jat | |
genitive | jan | jaiden jaitten | |
partitive | jata | jaita | |
illative | jahan | jaihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | ja | jat | |
accusative | nom. | ja | jat |
gen. | jan | ||
genitive | jan | jaiden jaitten | |
partitive | jata | jaita | |
inessive | jassa | jaissa | |
elative | jasta | jaista | |
illative | jahan | jaihin | |
adessive | jalla | jailla | |
ablative | jalta | jailta | |
allative | jalle | jaille | |
essive | jana | jaina | |
translative | jaksi | jaiksi | |
instructive | — | jain | |
abessive | jatta | jaitta | |
comitative | — | jaineen |
Possessive forms of ja (type rosé) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | jani | jamme |
2nd person | jasi | janne |
3rd person | jansa |
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN
GaroEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
NounEdit
ja
SynonymsEdit
GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle High German ja, from Old High German ja, jā (“yes”), from Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes”), from Proto-Indo-European *yē (“already”). Cognate with Dutch ja (“yes”), English yea (“yes, yea”), Spanish ya (“already”), and Latin iam (“already”). More at yes.
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): [jäː] (Standard, overall more common)
- IPA(key): [ʝäː] (standard, overall less common)
audio (file) Audio (file) - IPA(key): [jɑː] (Austrian German)
- IPA(key): [jɒ~jɔ] (Austrian German, common in casual speech as an influence of the Austro-Bavarian language)
- Rhymes: -aː
- Homophone: Jahr (according to a widespread pronunciation of this word)
AdverbEdit
ja
- yes; yea, yeah, aye
- Synonym: jawohl
- Willst du das? Ja. ― Do you want that? Yes.
- Aber ja! ― Yes, of course!
- (intensifier) obviously; certainly; of course; really; just; as you know; as is generally known (indicates and emphasises that one is expressing a known fact)
- Synonyms: doch, bekanntlich
- Es kann ja nicht immer so bleiben. ― It obviously cannot always remain so.
- Der Peter war ja gestern krank. ― Peter was sick yesterday, as you know.
Usage notesEdit
- (yes): Ja is used to indicate agreement with a positive statement. To contradict a negative statement (where English would use “yes”), doch is used instead.
- (obviously): Ja means roughly the same as English obviously or as you know, but given its shortness it is used much more frequently. In colloquial German, ja is used in most statements of facts already known to the one addressed.
AntonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
Further readingEdit
GothicEdit
RomanizationEdit
ja
- Romanization of 𐌾𐌰
Guerrero AmuzgoEdit
AdjectiveEdit
ja
PronounEdit
ja
GutnishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Norse ek. Compare Swedish jag.
Alternative formsEdit
- jag (Fårö and Lau dialects)
PronounEdit
ja
- I (first-person singular pronoun)
InflectionEdit
inflection of "ja" | |
---|---|
subject | ja |
object | mi |
possessive | min, mein, mitt, meine |
Etymology 2Edit
AdverbEdit
ja
Usage notesEdit
Uncertain or stalling answer; jo is used for yes-no questions
Related termsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
HausaEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
jā (feminine jā, plural jājā̀yē)
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): [ˈjɒ], [ˈjɒː] (the long pronunciation is used in case of great surprise)
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -jɒ
InterjectionEdit
ja
- (informal) yep (indicates agreement, approval, or understanding)
- (informal) oh (indicates understanding something finally after a misunderstanding or confusion)
- Este nem jár a vonat. – Ja, hát akkor menjünk busszal!
- “No train is leaving in the evening.” “Oh, well then let's travel by bus!”
- Ezt nem is Miki küldte! – Ja, lehet, hogy én értettem félre.
- “This was not sent by Miki!” “Oh, then I must have misunderstood it.”
Further readingEdit
- (yep, oh): ja in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (indeed, actually, as a matter of fact): ja in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IdoEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French déjà, Italian già, Spanish ya, from Latin iam, replacing Esperanto jam which is cognate. Decision no. 987, Progreso VI.
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- already
- Lu ja dormeskis.
- He/she has already fallen asleep.
Derived termsEdit
- ne ja (“not yet; not even”)
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
IngrianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Finnic *ja. Cognates include Finnish ja and Estonian ja.
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
ja
- and
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 25:
- Kiko ja Miko jo uijuut.
- Kiko and Miko are already swimming.
SynonymsEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- also, too
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 3:
- On meil hyvät mașinistat -
paravozat ollaa ja.- We have good engine drivers -
we have steam locomotives, too.
- We have good engine drivers -
SynonymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
Ultimately from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *ja (compare Swedish ja and German ja). Cognates include Finnish jaa and Estonian jah, jaa.
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
ja
- yes
- 1936, V. I. Junus; N. A. Iljin, Inkeroisin keelen oppikirja alkuşkouluja vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 42:
- Onok se maa teil?
- Ja, ono.- Is that your land?
Yes, it is.
- Is that your land?
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
ReferencesEdit
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
ja
LatvianEdit
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
ja
LithuanianEdit
PronounEdit
ja f
- (third-person singular) instrumental form of ji.
Lower SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronounEdit
ja sg
DeclensionEdit
Lule SamiEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”).
ConjunctionEdit
ja
Further readingEdit
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
MalteseEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
ja
Usage notesEdit
- While not obligatory even in standard Arabic, the vocative particle is predominantly omitted in Maltese. It does remain a common word, however, especially when equivalent to English “you”.
MaquiritariEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ja (possessed jadü)
ReferencesEdit
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “ja”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon
- Hall, Katherine Lee (1988), “ha:dü”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volume I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University
- Hall, Katherine (2007), “hādɨ”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series[3], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021
- Monterrey, Nalúa Rosa Silva (2012) Hombres de curiara y mujeres de conuco. Etnografía de los indigenas Ye’kwana de Venezuela, Ciudad Bolívar: Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, page 62–65, 71, 75
MbatiEdit
NounEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- LePage, Sarah Gloria (2020) "The phonology of Mbati"[4], University of North Dakota
North FrisianEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
ja
- (Sylt and Mooring) they
SynonymsEdit
Northern SamiEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”).
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
ja
Further readingEdit
- Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Northern SothoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a.
VerbEdit
ja
- to eat
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
NounEdit
ja n (definite singular jaet, indefinite plural ja or jaer, definite plural jaa or jaene)
ReferencesEdit
- “ja” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
AntonymsEdit
Related termsEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
NounEdit
ja n (definite singular jaet, indefinite plural ja, definite plural jaa)
ReferencesEdit
- “ja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
ja
- already
- as soon as possible
- quickly
- (with "ne") never
ReferencesEdit
- Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (ja)
Old PolishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronounEdit
ja
- first-person pronoun; I
DeclensionEdit
This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.
DescendantsEdit
- Polish: ja
Etymology 2Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
InterjectionEdit
ja
- (reduplicated) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
- the name of some idol
ReferencesEdit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “ja”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Pennsylvania GermanEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Compare German ja, Dutch ja, Swedish ja.
InterjectionEdit
ja
Pite SamiEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”).
ConjunctionEdit
ja
Further readingEdit
PnarEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Khasian *ʤaː. Cognate with Khasi ja.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ja
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Inherited from Old Polish ja, from Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
ja
- first-person pronoun; I
- Ja chcę mieć przyjaciół. ― I want to have friends.
Usage notesEdit
Mute forms ("mię", "mi") cannot be used in accented positions in the sentence. "Mię" is considered dated in standard Polish, but can still be heard commonly in some dialects or in colloquial speech.
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
TriviaEdit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ja is one of the top 10,355 most used words in Polish, appearing 16 times in scientific texts, 2 times in news, 84 times in essays, 892 times in fiction, and 2034 times in plays, totaling 3028 times, making it the 15th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
ReferencesEdit
Further readingEdit
- ja in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ja in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- “ja”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish], 2010-2022
- “JA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 04.09.2019
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807-1814), “ja”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “ja”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “ja”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 119
PortugueseEdit
AdverbEdit
ja (not comparable)
- Obsolete spelling of já
RussenorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Russian я (ja). May also be a Russianized form of Danish jeg or Swedish jag.
PronounEdit
ja
- I (pronoun)
SynonymsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Ingvild Broch; Ernst H. Jahr (1984) Russenorsk: Et pidginspråk i Norge [Russenorsk: The pidgin language in Norway], 2 edition, Oslo: Novus Forlag
Rwanda-RundiEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- -jya (Rwanda)
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *-gɪ̀a.
VerbEdit
-ja (infinitive kuja, perfective -gīye)
- (Kirundi) to go to
Serbo-CroatianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ēź-, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
jȃ (Cyrillic spelling ја̑)
- I
- Ja sam učio. ― I have studied.
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
AdverbEdit
jȁ (Cyrillic spelling ја̏)
- (colloquial, regional) yes, yeah
Etymology 3Edit
InterjectionEdit
ja
- Archaic form of jao.
- 1891, Srpske narodne pjesme:
- Ja Ivane, mio pobratime!
- O woe, Ivan, dear blood-brother!
SilesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
ParticleEdit
ja
SlovakEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
ja
Usage notesEdit
Following prepositions, ma and mi are replaced by mňa and mne respectively.
DeclensionEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ja in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
AnagramsEdit
SloveneEdit
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
ParticleEdit
jā
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
ja
Further readingEdit
- “ja”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
SothoEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a.
VerbEdit
ja
- to eat
SpanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
- representation of laughter, ha
- Also used repeatedly: jaja, jajaja
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ja”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
SwahiliEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *-jìja. Compare Zulu -za.
PronunciationEdit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
VerbEdit
-ja (infinitive kuja)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of -ja | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
Derived termsEdit
- Verbal derivations:
- Applicative: -jia
SwedishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Norse já, from Proto-Germanic *ja.
PronunciationEdit
- Interjection
- Noun
AdverbEdit
ja (not comparable)
Related termsEdit
NounEdit
ja n
DeclensionEdit
Declension of ja | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Uncountable | ||||
Indefinite | Definite | |||
Nominative | ja | jaet | — | — |
Genitive | jas | jaets | — | — |
Etymology 2Edit
See jag.
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
ja
AnagramsEdit
TswanaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ́a.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
go ja (past jelê)
- to eat
Tz'utujilEdit
Alternative formsEdit
ArticleEdit
ja
Upper SorbianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
PronounEdit
ja
DeclensionEdit
First person pronouns | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||
Nominative | ja | mój | my | |||||
Genitive | mje (after preposition) mnje |
naju | nas | |||||
Dative | mi (after preposition) mni |
namaj | nam | |||||
Accusative | mje (after preposition) mnje |
naju | nas | |||||
Instrumental | mnu | namaj | nami | |||||
Locative | mni | nas | ||||||
Second person pronouns | ||||||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||
Nominative | ty | wój | wy | |||||
Genitive | æe (after preposition) tebje |
waju | was | |||||
Dative | æi (after preposition) tebi |
wamaj | wam | |||||
Accusative | æe (after preposition) tebje |
waju | was | |||||
Instrumental | tobu | wamaj | wami | |||||
Locative | tebi | was | ||||||
Third person pronouns | ||||||||
Masculine singular | Feminine singular | Neuter singular | Dual virile | Dual nonvirile | Plural virile | Plural nonvirile | ||
Nominative | wón | wona | wono | wonaj | wonej | woni | wone | |
Genitive | jeho (after preposition) njeho |
jeje (after preposition) njeje |
jeho (after preposition) njeho |
jeju | jich (after preposition) nich |
|||
Dative | jemu (after preposition) njemu |
jej (after preposition) njej |
jemu (after preposition) njemu |
jimaj (after preposition) nimaj |
jim (after preposition) nim | |||
Accusative | jón (after preposition) njón (animate) jeho (animate after preposition) njeho |
ju (after preposition) nju |
jo, je (after preposition) njo, nje |
jeju (after preposition) njeju |
jej (after preposition) njej |
jich (after preposition) nich |
je (after preposition) nje | |
Instrumental | nim | njej | nim | nimaj | nimi | |||
Locative | nich |
VoticEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *ja.
PronunciationEdit
ConjunctionEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012), “ja”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2 edition, Tallinn
West FrisianEdit
PronunciationEdit
InterjectionEdit
ja
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “ja”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
West MakianEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
ja
- (intransitive) to cry
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of ja (action verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | taja | maja | aja | |
2nd person | naja | faja | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ija | daja | |
animate | ||||
imperative | naja, ja | faja, ja |
ReferencesEdit
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[7], Pacific linguistics
YorubaEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Cognate with Igala jà (“to fight”)
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
jà
- (intransitive, reciprocal) to fight, to wrestle, to struggle
- (intransitive) to occur, to take place, to break out (as in a war or disease)
- Synonym: já
- ogún jà ― War broke out
Usage notesEdit
- ja before a direct object
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (intransitive, transitive) to snap, to break off, to break loose
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (intransitive) to occur, to take place, to begin suddenly (to break out)
- Synonym: jà
- gudugbẹ̀ẹ́ já ― Calamity has broken out
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 4Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (intransitive) to ring out like a bell
- etí rẹ̀ ń já ― His ears were ringing out
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 5Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (heading, intransitive) to fall off (from some height)
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 6Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
Etymology 7Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- to become aware, to come to full realization
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 8Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (intransitive) to become punctured
- àpò rẹ̀ẹ́ já ― His pocket has become punctured
Etymology 9Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (intransitive) to become saturated or oversaturated with something; to become too much of something
- iyọ̀ ọ́ já ọbẹ̀ yìí ― Salt has saturated this stew
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 10Edit
Likely cognate with Igala já (“to harvest”)
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
já
- (transitive) to pluck off (usually referring to fruit or leaves)
- Synonym: wọ́
Derived termsEdit
ZialoEdit
NounEdit
ja
ReferencesEdit
- Kirill Vladimirovich Babaev, Zialo: the newly-discovered Mande language of Guinea (2010), page 213
ZouEdit
VerbEdit
ja