civilis

See also: Civilis

Latin

Etymology

From cīvis (“citizen”) +‎ -īlis.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /kiːˈu̯iː.lis/, [kiːˈu̯iːlʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃiˈvi.lis/, [t͡ʃiˈviːlis]

Adjective

cīvīlis (neuter cīvīle, comparative cīvīlior, superlative cīvīlissimus, adverb cīvīliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. civic, civil (of or pertaining to citizens)
2. public, political (of or pertaining to public or political life)
3. (figuratively) courteous, polite, civil, affable, urbane

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	cīvīlis	cīvīle		cīvīlēs	cīvīlia
Genitive	cīvīlis			cīvīlium
Dative	cīvīlī			cīvīlibus
Accusative	cīvīlem	cīvīle		cīvīlēs cīvīlīs	cīvīlia
Ablative	cīvīlī			cīvīlibus
Vocative	cīvīlis	cīvīle		cīvīlēs	cīvīlia

Synonyms

• (civil, civic): cīvicus
• (political): polīticus
• (public): commūnis, pūblicus

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “courteous, civil”): incīvīlis

Derived terms

• bellum cīvīle
• cīvīle
• Cīvīlis (cognomen)
• cīvilista
• cīvīlitās
• cīvīliter
• iūs cīvīle
• status cīvīlis

 

Related terms

• cīvicus
• cīvis
• cīvitās
• cīvitātula

 

Descendants

• → Catalan: civil
• → Danish: civil
• → English: civil
• → French: civil
• → Friulian: civîl
• → Italian: civile
• →? Ladin: zevil
• → Piedmontese: civil
• → Portuguese: cível, civil
• → Romanian: civil
• → Spanish: civil

References

• “civilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “civilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• civilis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• civilis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to teach some one letters: erudire aliquem artibus, litteris (but erudire aliquem in iure civili, in re militari)
    
  • statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    
  • statesmanship; political wisdom: prudentia (civilis) (De Or. 1. 19. 85)
    
  • political questions: res civiles
    
  • to enter the whirlpool of political strife: se civilibus fluctibus committere
    
• “civilis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers