-ilis

See also: ilis

Contents

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *-eli-, from *-los.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /i.lis/, [ɪ.lɪs] (stressed on the antepenult)
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /i.lis/ (stressed on the antepenult)

Suffix

-ilis m, f (neuter -ile); third declension

1. -ile; used to form an adjective noun of relation, frequently passive, to the verb or root.

Usage notes

Examples:

agilis (“that may be acted”), from agō (“to act”)

fragilis (“that may be broken”), from frangō (“to break”)

Inflection

Third declension.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
nominative	-ilis	-ile		-ilēs	-ilia
genitive	-ilis			-ilium
dative	-ilī			-ilibus
accusative	-ilem	-ile		-ilēs, -ilīs	-ilia
ablative	-ilī			-ilibus
vocative	-ilis	-ile		-ilēs	-ilia

• comparative: -ilior, superlative: -illimus or -ilissimus

Synonyms

• -ānus, -āris, -icus

Derived terms

• -ālis
• -ēlis
• -īlis
• -ūlis

Descendants

• Aromanian: -ilji
• Catalan: -il
• English: -ile
• French: -ile

• Italian: -ile
• Romanian: -il, -ie
• Spanish: -il

Etymology 2

Originally from the above -ilis added to i stems, later used freely.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.lis/, [ˈiː.lɪs]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.lis/, [ˈiː.lis]

Suffix

-īlis m, f (neuter -īle); third declension

1. -ile; used to form an adjective noun, usually from a noun, indicating a relationship or a pertaining to.

Usage notes

Examples:

hostīlis (“of the enemy, unfriendly, hostile”), from hostis (“enemy”)

puerīlis (“of boys, boyish, immature”), from puer (“boy”)

Inflection

Third declension.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
nominative	-īlis	-īle		-īlēs	-īlia
genitive	-īlis			-īlium
dative	-īlī			-īlibus
accusative	-īlem	-īle		-īlēs, -īlīs	-īlia
ablative	-īlī			-īlibus
vocative	-īlis	-īle		-īlēs	-īlia

See also

• -bilis

► Latin words suffixed with -ilis