Wiktionary

civitas

See also: Civitas

EnglishEdit

 
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EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin cīvitās (“city; state, city-state”). Doublet of city.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈki.wɪˌtɑs/, /ˈt͡ʃiviˌtɑs/

NounEdit

civitas (plural civitates)

  1. (Roman history) The social body of the citizens united by law
  2. (Roman history) A city and its territory
  3. (pedantic) A community.
  4. (pedantic) A state, (chiefly) a city-state.

ReferencesEdit

AnagramsEdit

LatinEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From earlier ceivitās, from Proto-Italic *keiwitāts. Equivalent to cīvis (“citizen”) +‎ -tās.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

cīvitās f (genitive cīvitātis); third declension

  1. (Classical Latin) citizenship and its rights; often referring to Roman citizenship
  2. (Classical Latin) the state, body politic, citizens of a territory (collectively)
  3. (Classical Latin, metonymically) a city and all external territory (thus distinguished from urbs)
  4. (Classical Latin, metonymically) city-states, kingdoms, or tribes, especially under Roman rule.
  5. (Medieval Latin) a city: a major, biblical, or specially incorporated town, particularly cathedral cities
    • His diebus Langobardi Italia invaserunt, Vincentiam Veronamque et reliquas Venetiarum civitates coepit, et per tres annos Ticino possedit.
      In those days that the Lombards invaded Italy, he began Vincentia & Verona and the rest of the Venetian cities, and possessed Ticino for three years.
  6. (Medieval Latin) a borough: a walled settlement, sometimes particularly former Roman towns
  7. (Ecclesiastical Latin) either the Church or Heaven

DeclensionEdit

Third-declension noun (i-stem).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative cīvitās cīvitātēs
Genitive cīvitātis cīvitātum
cīvitātium
Dative cīvitātī cīvitātibus
Accusative cīvitātem cīvitātēs
cīvitātīs
Ablative cīvitāte cīvitātibus
Vocative cīvitās cīvitātēs

The genitive plural in -um is the etymologically expected one as well as the more frequent.

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “civitas”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “civitas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • civitas in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • civitas in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • Plato's ideal republic: civitas optima, perfecta Platonis
    • Plato's ideal republic: illa civitas Platonis commenticia
    • Plato's ideal republic: illa civitas, quam Plato finxit
    • universal history: omnis memoria, omnis memoria aetatum, temporum, civitatum or omnium rerum, gentium, temporum, saeculorum memoria
    • the constitution: descriptio civitatis
    • to give the state a constitution: civitati leges, iudicia, iura describere
    • to be the chief man in the state: principem civitatis esse
    • the head of the state: rector civitatis (De Or. 1. 48. 211)
    • to make a man a citizen: civitate donare aliquem (Balb. 3. 7)
    • to enroll as a citizen, burgess: in civitatem recipere, ascribere, asciscere aliquem
    • to present a person with the freedom of the city: civitatem alicui dare, tribuere, impertire
    • to naturalise oneself as a citizen of another country: civitatem mutare (Balb. 11. 27)
    • the dregs of the people: faex populi, plebis, civitatis
    • aristocracy (as a form of government): civitas, quae optimatium arbitrio regitur
    • democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
    • to banish a person, send him into exile: ex urbe (civitate) expellere, pellere aliquem
    • to banish a person, send him into exile: de, e civitate aliquem eicere
    • to expel a person from the city, country: exterminare (ex) urbe, de civitate aliquem (Mil. 37. 101)
    • to keep the citizens in servile subjection: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere (Dom. 51. 131)
    • to extort money from the communities: pecuniam cogere a civitatibus
    • to compel communities to provide troops: imperare milites civitatibus
    • to compel communities to provide hostages: obsides civitatibus imperare
  • “civitas”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “civitas”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

RomanianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Latin civitas.

NounEdit

civitas n (plural civitasuri)

  1. civitas

DeclensionEdit

Declension of civitas
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) civitas civitasul (niște) civitasuri civitasurile
genitive/dative (unui) civitas civitasului (unor) civitasuri civitasurilor
vocative civitasule civitasurilor

ReferencesEdit

  • civitas in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN
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