cruinn

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish cruind, from Proto-Celtic *krundis (compare Welsh crwn).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /kɾˠiːnʲ/
• (Galway) IPA^(key): /kɾˠiːn̠ʲ/
• (Mayo, Ulster) IPA^(key): /kɾˠɪn̠ʲ/

Adjective

cruinn (genitive singular masculine cruinn, genitive singular feminine cruinne, plural cruinne, comparative cruinne)

1. round (circular or cylindrical)
2. gathered
3. exact, accurate
   1. clear, coherent
   2. steady
4. concentrated
5. frugal, sparing; miserly

Declension

Declension of cruinn

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	cruinn	chruinn	cruinne; chruinne²
Vocative	chruinn		cruinne
Genitive		cruinne	cruinne	cruinn
Dative	cruinn; chruinn¹	chruinn	cruinne; chruinne²
Comparative	níos cruinne
Superlative	is cruinne

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• bliosán cruinn
• cruinnbhallach (“plump”, adjective)
• cruinncheannach (“round-headed”)
• cruinneachán (“dome”)
• cruinneagán (“small heap”)
• cruinneas (“accuracy”)
• cruinnigh
• cruinnmheá
• cruinnmheall
• cruinnradharcach (“sure-sighted”)
• cruinnsciath (“buckler, target”)
• cruinnsocach (“round-nosed”)
• cruinnteach
• míchruinn

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cruinn	chruinn	gcruinn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruinn”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cruinn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “cruinn”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 203

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish cruind, from Proto-Celtic *krundis (compare Welsh crwn).

Adjective

cruinn

1. accurate, detailed, unambiguous
2. round, spherical, circular
3. circumstantial
4. compact
5. consummate, exact, scrupulous, strict

Antonyms

• neuchruinn

Derived terms

• cruinnid
• cruinnys

Mutation

Manx mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
cruinn	chruinn	gruinn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish cruind, from Proto-Celtic *krundis (compare Welsh crwn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʰruɪɲ/

Adjective

cruinn

1. round, circular, globular
2. succinct, neat

   gu cruinn ― succinctly

3. gathered, assembled, collected

Derived terms

• camag chruinn
• cruinne
• cruinne-cè
• cruinnich

 

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
cruinn	chruinn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.