hartować
Polish
editEtymology
editBorrowed from German härten + -ować. First attested in 1562.[1]
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /xarˈtɔ.vat͡ɕ/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /xarˈtɔ.vat͡ɕ/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
- Syllabification: har‧to‧wać
Verb
edithartować impf (perfective zahartować)
- (transitive) to harden, to indurate, to inure, to toughen (to cause someone to become accustomed to something that requires prolonged or repeated tolerance of one or more unpleasantries)[with na (+ accusative) ‘to something’]
- (transitive) to anneal, to temper, to harden (to strengthen or toughen a material, especially metal, by heat treatment)
- (reflexive with się) to harden, to indurate (to grow hard)
- (reflexive with się) to be tempered
Conjugation
editDerived terms
editadjectives
nouns
Related terms
editnoun
Further reading
editCategories:
- Polish terms borrowed from German
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish terms suffixed with -ować
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish verbs
- Polish imperfective verbs
- Polish transitive verbs
- Polish reflexive verbs