na

See also: Appendix:Variations of "na"

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Etymology 1

From Middle English na, from Old English nā, from Old English ne (“not”) + ā (“ever”). More at no.

Adverb

na (not comparable)

1. (obsolete) Not.
2. (obsolete) No.

Etymology 2

Development of Etymology 1, above; compare nah.

Interjection

na

1. (Tyneside or Scotland) No.

   "Na, yor wrang."

   "Na, ye cannet watch telly."

   "Divn’t yee like milk?" "Na."

References

• Frank Graham (1987) The New Geordie Dictionary, →ISBN
• A Dictionary of North East Dialect, Bill Griffiths, 2005, Northumbria University Press, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Abbreviations.

Noun

na

1. (linguistics) Abbreviation of noun animate.

See also

• nad
• ni
• nid
• nah

Anagrams

• -an, A/N, AN, An, a(n), an, an', an-

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'Are'are

Article

na

1. the

References

• Kateřina Naitoro, A Sketch Grammar of 'Are'are: The Sound System and Morpho-Syntax (2013)

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Acehnese

Verb

na

1. to be (exist)

Derived terms

• nakeuh
• hana

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Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *na-, *nō- from Proto-Indo-European *nō̆s (“we”). Cognate to Latin nos (“we”), Sanskrit नस् (nas, “we”).

Pronoun

na

1. (Gheg) we

Alternative forms

• ne
• në

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Asturian

Etymology

From a contraction of the preposition en (“in”) + feminine singular article la (“the”).

Contraction

na f (masculine nel, neuter no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nes)

1. in the

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Bambara

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [náà]

Noun

na

1. stew

Particle

na (tone nà)

1. auxiliary marker for future tense

   sini, i bɛ na taa sugu jɔ

   You will go to the market tomorrow

References

• 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

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Bikol Central

Adverb

na

1. already

Particle

na

1. connects consonant ending noun or adjective to a noun or adjective that it modifies.

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Blagar

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɑ/

Etymology

From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Zia na.

Pronoun

na

1. I

Noun

na

1. thing

References

• H. Steinhauer, "Going" and "Coming" in the Blagar of Dolap (Pura--Alor--Indonesia) (1977)
• W. A. L. Stokhof, Preliminary notes on the Alor and Pantar languages (East Indonesia) (1975)
• A. Schapper, The Papuan Languages of Timor, Alor and Pantar: Volume 1

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Catalan

Etymology

From the final syllable of Latin domina (“Lady”).

Pronunciation

• (Central) IPA^(key): /nə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /na/

Article

na f sg (elided n', masculine en)

1. (Eastern Catalan) Personal article used before feminine given names instead of the definite article la.

   En Pau i na Maria arribaran demà.

   Pau and Maria will be arriving tomorrow.

Usage notes

• While this article (and its masculine counterpart en) is standard in Balearic Catalan, in other Eastern Catalan dialects its use is waning, and the elided of the definite article, l', is used before names beginning with vowels. There is no plural personal article, so the plural definite article les is used in all dialects.

Related terms

• dona

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Cavineña

Noun

na

1. root of ena

References

• Antoine Guillaume, A Grammar of Cavineña (2008, →ISBN

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Central Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

na

1. I

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Czech

Etymology

From Old Czech na, from Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neh₃.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

• audio

  (file)

Preposition

na

1. on, onto (direction, + accusative case)

   Dej skleničku na stůl. ― Put the glass on the table.

2. on (location, + locative case)

   Sklenička je na stole. ― The glass is on the table.

3. to, (direction, + accusative case, used only with certain places (do + genitive is more common))

   Jdeme na poštu. ― We're going to the post office.

4. at, in (location, + locative case, used only with certain places (v is more common))

   Jsme na poště. ― We're at the post office.

5. for (purpose, + accusative case)

   Ty nůžky nejsou na hraní. ― The scissors are not for playing with.

6. at (in the direction of, + accusative case)

   Nekřič na mě! ― Don't yell at me!

Further reading

• na in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• na in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin nōn.

Adverb

na

1. no
2. not

Related terms

• naun
• non

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Domari

Etymology

From Sanskrit नव (nava).

Numeral

na

1. (Aleppo, cardinal) nine

References

• Bruno Herin (2012), “The Domari Language of Aleppo (Syria)”, in Linguistic Discovery‎^[1], volume 10, issue 2, DOI:10.1349/PS1.1537-0852.A.412

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naː/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: na
• Rhymes: -aː

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.

Preposition

na

1. after
2. (op ... na, with a cardinal number) bar, except Used to form ordinal numbers in relation to a superlative quality. The number that is used is 1 lower than in the English translation.

   Brazilië is met zijn 8,5 miljoen vierkante kilometer het grootste land van Zuid-Amerika en het op vier na grootste ter wereld.

   With its 8.5 million square kilometers, Brazil is the largest country in South America and the fifth largest in the world.

   Naast dat de toonladder een kenmerkend gegeven is, zijn er ook bepaalde tonen, die een speciale rol hebben, zoals de vadi en de samvadi, respectievelijk: de belangrijkste en de op een na belangrijkste toon.

   Next to [the fact] that the musical scale is a characteristic datum, there are also certain tones that have a special role, such as the vadi and the samvadi: respectively the most important and second most important tones.

Inflection

Pronominal adverbs of na

preposition	na
postpositional adv.	na
+ het (it)	erna
+ dit (this)	hierna
+ dat (that)	daarna
+ wat (what)	waarna
+ iets (something)	ergens na
+ niets (nothing)	nergens na
+ alles (everything)	overal na

Derived terms

• nadien
• nageslacht
• nakomeling
• nalaten
• naoorlogs
• nastreven
• navolgen, navolging

 

Descendants

• Negerhollands: na, a
  • → Virgin Islands Creole: na

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *nāh, *nā, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.

Adjective

na (comparative nader, superlative naast)

1. close

Inflection

The forms of the positive are obsolescent, particularly the inflected one. The comparative and superlative forms are functioning as independent adjectives to an increasing extent.

Inflection of na
uninflected	na
inflected	naë
comparative	nader
		positive	comparative	superlative
predicative/adverbial			nader	het naast het naaste
indefinite	m./f. sing.	naë	nadere	naaste
	n. sing.	na	nader	naaste
	plural	naë	nadere	naaste
definite		naë	nadere	naaste
partitive		na's	naders	—

Derived terms

• nabij
• te na komen

Etymology 3

Preposition

na

1. (dialectal) Archaic form of naar.

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Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl

Pronoun

na

1. first person; I

See also

• naha

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Esperanto

Etymology

Presumably from the accusative suffix -n (possibly a blend with the article la or with the suffix -a), or from Russian на (na).

Pronunciation

• • IPA^(key): /na/
  • Hyphenation: na
  • Audio:

    (file)

Preposition

na

1. (neologism, rare) Preposition introducing an accusative phrase.

   Mi legis na Gerda Malaperis.

   I read Gerda Disappeared.

Usage notes

Unofficial; it is recognized by some Esperantists on the Internet, but disapproved by most high-level speakers. Proponents recommended using it only where the accusative suffix isn't possible: with numerals (unu (“one”)), particles (iom (“some”), kies (“whose”)), letters (J), titles of books, and quotations, etc. More standard options are to use the general preposition je, to omit the accusative ending, or to rephrase the sentence to avoid the issue.

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Galician

Etymology 1

From contraction of preposition en (“in”) + feminine article a (“the”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɐ/

Contraction

na f (masculine no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nas)

1. in the

Etymology 2

From a mutation of a.

Pronoun

na f (accusative)

1. Alternative form of a (“her”)

Usage notes

The n- forms of accusative third-person pronouns are used when the preceding word ends in -u or a diphthong, and are suffixed to the preceding word.

Related terms

• a
• la
• no

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German

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na(ː)/
• Rhymes: -aː
• Homophones: nah, Narr (latter regional)

Etymology 1

Perhaps from an unstressed form of nu.

Interjection

na

1. well!, so!; used to introduce a statement

   Na, dann fangen wir mal an!

   So, let’s get started!

2. oh, hm, huh, och, nu; expressing a (usually mild) degree of surprise, doubt, or frustration

   Na, das ist ja nett, dass ihr vorbeikommt!

   Oh, that’s nice of you to come by!

   Na? Ob das so stimmt...

   Huh? Not sure if that’s correct...

   Na! Warum will das denn jetzt wieder nicht?

   Och! Why does this thing not work yet again?

   Na toll! Kein Empfang.

   Oh great! No signal.

3. (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) huh?; used as a question marker, often implying that the speaker knows the answer

   Was ist zwei plus drei? Na?

   What’s two plus three? Huh?

4. (regional, chiefly northern and central Germany) hey!, hi!; used as a greeting, but with an interrogative intonation, as if saying “So? You see me there?”, or “So? How is everything?”

   Na! Lang nicht gesehen!

   Hey! Long time no see!

   Na! Wie geht’s?

   Hi! How are you?

Derived terms

• na klar
• na und
• nanu

Etymology 2

A variant of nein.

Interjection

na

1. (regional, chiefly southern Germany and Austria) Alternative form of nein (“no”)

   Na. Das geht net.

   No. That doesn’t work.

Anagrams

• an

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Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese na. Cognate with Kabuverdianu na.

The Portuguese word comes from Old Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).

Preposition

na

1. at
2. in
3. on

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Hawaiian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

na

1. for, belonging to, by

Usage notes

• Used for acquired possessions, while no is used for possessions that are inherited, out of personal control, and for things that can be got into (houses, clothes, cars).

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈnɒ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -nɒ

Interjection

na

1. well, so, hey

   Na, nem baj. ― Well, no problem.

   Itt van Péter. – Na és? ― “Peter is here.” “So what?”

   Na, gyerünk! ― Alright, let's go!

   Na, ne mondj ilyet! ― Hey, don't say that!

   Na, ez fáj! ― Hey, that hurts!

Derived terms

Compound words

• nahát
• nana
• naná

 

Further reading

• na in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nˠə/

Article

na (definite article)

1. genitive singular feminine of an (triggers h-prothesis)

   na háite ― of the place

2. nominative/dative plural of an (triggers h-prothesis)

   na héin ― the birds

   ó na cailíní ― from the girls

3. genitive plural of an (triggers eclipsis)

   na bpáistí ― of the children

Contraction

na

1. Nonstandard form of ina
   • 1906, E. C. Quiggin, “Áindrías an Ime”, in A Dialect of Donegal: Being the Speech of Meenawannia in the Parish of Glenties, page 196:

     Bhí Áindrías an Ime na chomhnaidhe i mBaile ui Mún i nGleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.

     Áindrías of the Butter lived in Ballymoon in Gleann an Bhaile Dhuibh.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
na	not applicable	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "na" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “na” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “na” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Japanese

Romanization

na

1. Rōmaji transcription of な
2. Rōmaji transcription of ナ

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Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese na.

The Portuguese word comes from Old Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).

Preposition

na

1. at
2. in
3. on

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Kasem

Noun

na

1. water

References

• SIL Burkina Faso, Dictionnaire bilingue kassem - français, 2007

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Kikuyu

Particle

na

1. (instrumental) with

   Gũtema na kanua ti gũtema na rũhiũ.

   To cut with a mouth is not to cut with a knife.

2. (comitative) and, with

   Ikinya na thĩ itiaganaga.

   The foot and the earth cannot help meeting.

3. (source) from

   Wega uumaga na mũciĩ.

   Goodness comes from home.

   Synonym: kuuma

4. but

   Kanua njero, na mũciĩ ndũkomeka nĩ heho.

   The mouth is sweet, but the house is too cold to lie at.

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Kilivila

Noun

na

1. (in compounds) woman

References

• Gunter Senft (1986), Kilivila: the Language of the Trobriand Islanders. Berlin • New York • Amsterdam: Mouton de Gruyter, p. 372, 591. →ISBN

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Ladin

Article

na f

1. an, a

Synonyms

• n'

See also

• n

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Ladino

Interjection

na (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling נה‎)

1. here! behold!

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Lakota

Conjunction

na

1. and

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Latin

Verb

nā

1. imperative singular of nō, swim!

References

• na in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

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Lingala

Etymology

Of native Bobangi origin (compare Swahili na), but its functional broadening to "in, at" may be under the influence of West African languages; compare Igbo na, Krio na.

Preposition

na

1. with, and
2. in, at
3. of (form of ya before personal pronouns)

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Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neh₃

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

1. (with locative) on, in
2. (with accusative) on, onto

Further reading

• Arnošt Muka (1921, 1928), “na_2”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German, Russian), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted (in German)Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• na in Manfred Starosta (1999): Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag.

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Luganda

Conjunction

na

1. and (only used if the overall statement is grammatically negative)

See also

• ne

References

The Essentials of Luganda, J. D. Chesswas, 4th edition. Oxford University Press: Nairobi. 1967, p. 94.

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. Luganda is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

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Mandarin

Pronunciation

• audio

  (file)

Romanization

na (Zhuyin ˙ㄋㄚ)

1. Pinyin transcription of 吶, 呐
2. Pinyin transcription of 哪

na

1. Nonstandard spelling of nā.
2. Nonstandard spelling of ná.
3. Nonstandard spelling of nǎ.
4. Nonstandard spelling of nà.

Usage notes

• English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.

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Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naː/

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhw.

Preposition

na

1. towards
2. behind
3. after, following, later than
4. in accordance with, based on

Adverb

na

1. afterwards, later
2. close, near

Descendants

• Dutch: na
• Limburgish: nao

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch *nāh, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwaz.

Adjective

nâ

1. close

Inflection

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “na (I)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “na (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• “na (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “na (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
• Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “na (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II

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Neapolitan

Feminine form of nu, from Latin ūnus.

Alternative forms

• n' before words starting with a vowel.

Etymology

From Latin ūna

Article

na f sg

1. a, an

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Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ná, from Proto-Indo-European *ne. Related to ne.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɑː

Interjection

na

1. no

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Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

1. to rain

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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Northern Sami

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈna/

Adverb

na

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Further reading

• Koponen, Eino; Ruppel, Klaas; Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002-2008) Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[2], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

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Northern Sotho

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

na

1. to rain

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Norwegian

Etymology

From Old Norse hana, the accusative form of hon (“she”). Confer with Swedish na. The correct term in Norwegian Bokmål would be henne, and either ho or henne in Norwegian Nynorsk.

Pronoun

na

1. (dialectal, colloquial) her; object form of ho

Usage notes

• It is almost without exceptions used as a clitic, and is always unstressed.

See also

• a
• hu

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Ojibwe

Particle

na

1. Question marker for yes/no questions. It is always placed after the first word in the sentence. If the first word ends in a vowel, use the particle na; if it ends in a consonant, use ina.

   • Giminikwe na? — Are you drinking?
   • Gigii-anokii na bijiinaago? — Did you work yesterday?
   • but: Giwiisin ina? — Are you eating?

Synonyms

• ina

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Old Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na , from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neh₃.

Preposition

na

1. on, onto (direction, + accusative case)

   I přivedli oslici a oslátko s ní, i položichu na ně rúcha svá. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. on (location, + locative case)
3. for (purpose, + accusative case)
4. at (in the direction of, + accusative case)

Descendants

• Czech: na

Further reading

• “na”, in Vokabulář webový: webové hnízdo pramenů k poznání historické češtiny [online]‎^[3], Praha: Ústav pro jazyk český AV ČR, 2006–2020

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Old English

Alternative forms

• nō

Etymology

From a contraction of ne (“not”) and ā (“ever”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɑː/

Adverb

nā

1. not, no

   Nis þæt nā rēad, ac is grēne.

   That's not red, it's green.

   Þæt iċ cwæþ for þon āne þe iċ nā bet nysse.

   I only said that because I didn't know any better (literally "no better").

   Ne cann iċ Denisċ nā wel understandan, þēah þe hit sċeal bēon Englisċe ġelīċ.

   I can't understand Norse very well (lit. "no well"), though it's supposed to be similar to English.

   • Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, Version B, year 897

     Þȳ ilcan sumera forwearþ nā lǣs þonne twēntiġ sċipa be þǣm sūðriman.

     That same summer, no less than twenty ships perished on the south coast.

   • c. 990, Wessex Gospels, Matthew 22:17

     Is hit ālīefed þæt man Cāsere gafol selle, þē nā?

     Is it lawful to give tribute to Caesar, or not?

   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "The Fifth Sunday in Lent"

     Dryhten nis nā ōðrum mannum tō wiþmetenne.

     The Lord is not comparable to other people.

Conjunction

nā

1. not
   • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Midlent"

     Māre wundor is þæt God Ælmihtiġ ǣlce dæġe fētt ealne middanġeard þonne þæt wundor wǣre þæt hē þā ġefylde fīf þūsend manna mid fīf hlāfum—ac þæs wundrodon menn nā for þȳ þæt hit māre wundor wǣre, ac for þȳ þæt hit wæs unġewunelīċ.

     It is a greater miracle when God Almighty feeds the whole world every day than when he fed five thousand people with five loaves of bread—but that amazed people not because it was more miraculous, but because it was unusual.

Synonyms

• (conjunction): næs

Descendants

• English: no
• Scots: nae, naw

See also

• nāht
• nān
• ne
• nese

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Old Frisian

Etymology 1

Blend of ne (“not”) +‎ ā (“ever”). Akin to Old English nā.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnaː/

Adverb

nā

1. never

Descendants

• West Frisian: nea

Particle

nā

1. no

Descendants

• Saterland Frisian: noa

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnaː/

Preposition

nā (+ dative)

1. Alternative form of nēi

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN

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Old Irish

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Article

na (triggers /h/-prothesis in the feminine genitive singular, in the feminine and neuter nominative plural, and in the accusative plural; triggers eclipsis in the genitive plural)

1. Aphetic form of inna (“the (various inflected forms)”)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Determiner

na (‘his’ and ‘its’ trigger lenition, ‘her’ triggers /h/-prothesis, ‘their’ triggers eclipsis)

1. Aphetic form of inna (“in his/her/its/their”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n͈a/

Determiner

na

1. neuter nominative/accusative singular of nach (“any”)

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n͈aː/

Particle

na

1. Alternative spelling of ná (“don’t”)

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Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• 𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• न (Devanagari script)
• ন (Bengali script)
• න (Sinhalese script)
• န or ၼ (Burmese script)
• น or นะ (Thai script)
• ᨶ (Tai Tham script)
• ນ or ນະ (Lao script)
• ន (Khmer script)

Etymology

From Sanskrit न (na).

Particle

na

1. no, not

Adjective

na

1. (demonstrative) that

Declension

Declension table of "na" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Accusative (second)	naṃ	ne
Dative (fourth)	nassa	nesaṃ
Genitive (sixth)	nassa	nesaṃ

Declension table of "nā" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ

Declension table of "na" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ
Dative (fourth)	nassa
Genitive (sixth)	nassa

Derived terms

• ena (“this”)
• nā (“her”)

Synonyms

• ta

Pronoun

na m or n

1. (demonstrative) that
2. him, it
3. (in the plural) them
   • 2006, The Fifth Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Majjhimanikāya (II)‎^[4], page 558:

     පුන ච පරං භන‍්තෙ, ඉමෙ ඉසිදත‍්තපුරාණා ථපතයො මමභත‍්තා
     මමයානා අහං නෙසං ජීවිතස‍්ස පදාතා යසස‍්ස ආහත‍්තා අථ ච පන
     නො තථා මයි නිපච‍්චාකාරං කරොන‍්ති යථා භගවති.

     Puna ca paraṃ bhante, ime isidattapurāṇā thapatayo mamabhattā
     mamayānā ahaṃ nesaṃ jīvitassa padātā yasassa āhattā atha ca pana
     no tathā mayi nipaccākāraṃ karonti yathā bhagavati.

     Furthermore, sir, these chamberlains Isidatta and Purāṇa share my meals and my carriages. I give them a livelihood and bring them renown. And yet they don’t show me the same level of devotion that they show to the Buddha.

Declension

Declension table of "na" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Accusative (second)	naṃ	ne
Dative (fourth)	nassa	nesaṃ
Genitive (sixth)	nassa	nesaṃ

Declension table of "na" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular
Accusative (second)	naṃ
Dative (fourth)	nassa
Genitive (sixth)	nassa

Usage notes

Note that this is not used to reference, explicitly or implicitly, a neuter noun in the plural.

Synonyms

• ta

References

Pali Text Society (1921-1925), “na”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

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Papiamentu

Etymology 1

From Portuguese na and Kabuverdianu na.

The Portuguese word comes from Old Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).

Preposition

na

1. at
2. in
3. inside
4. on

Etymology 2

From Dutch naar.

Preposition

na

1. to
2. towards

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Phalura

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit न (na, “not”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Particle

na (negating, Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)

1. not
2. don't

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[5], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “[6]”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Interjection

na (Perso-Arabic spelling نہ)

1. no!

References

• Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[7], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

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Phuthi

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

1. to rain

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

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Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neh₃

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

na

1. (+ locative) on

   Siedzę na koniu. ― I'm on a horse.

2. (+ locative) in, at

   Mieszkam na wsi. ― I live in the countryside.

3. (+ accusative) onto, on

   Uważaj, zaraz to na mnie spadnie! ― Watch out, it's going to fall on me!

4. (+ accusative) to

   Muszę iść na pocztę. ― I have to go to the post office.

5. (+ accusative) for, by (a time, date etc.)

   Sprawozdanie ma być gotowe na piątą. ― The report should be ready by five o'clock.

6. (+ accusative) for, to deal with

   lek na grypę ― flu medication

   na zdrowie ― for [your] health; cheers; bless you.

7. (+ accusative) per

   pięć metrów na sekundę ― five meters per second

8. (+ accusative or adverb) in a particular manner

   pasażer na gapę ― stowaway

   deser na kwaśno ― sour dessert

9. (+ accusative, mathematics) onto (surjective)

Adjective

na (not comparable)

1. (mathematics) onto; surjective

Usage notes

• When used as an adjective, this word is indeclinable, postpositive (when used attributively), and usually placed inside quotation marks, e.g. funkcja „na”.

Further reading

• na in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• na in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Brazil) /na/, [na]

• IPA^(key): (Portugal) /nɐ/, [nɐ]

• Hyphenation: na

Etymology 1

From Old Portuguese na, clipping of ena, from en (“in”) + a (“the”).

Contraction

na f (masculine no, masculine plural nos, feminine plural nas)

2. Contraction of em a (“in the”).
   • 2005, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e o Enigma do Príncipe [Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince] (Harry Potter; 6), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 184:

     Eu estava na esperança de encontrá-lo antes do jantar!

     I was hoping to meet you before dinner!

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.

Preposition

na

1. at
2. in

Etymology 2

Pronoun

na

2. Alternative form of a (third-person feminine singular objective pronoun) used as an enclitic following a verb form ending in a nasal vowel or diphthong

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:no.

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Riantana

Etymology

From Proto-Trans-New Guinea *na. Cognate to Blagar na.

Pronoun

na

1. I

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Romani

Etymology

From Sanskrit न (na, “no”).

Adverb

na

1. not

Interjection

na

1. right?; tag question

Particle

na

1. no

References

• Dieter W. Halwachs (accessed September 19, 2021), “Morphology”, in Romani Projekt Graz‎^[8]
• Yūsuke Sumi (2018), “na”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, OCLC 1267332830, page 152

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Samoan

Pronoun

na

1. he / she

See also

Samoan personal pronouns

			singular	dual	plural
1st person			aʻu, ʻou	māʻua, mā (exclusive) tāʻua, tā (inclusive)	mātou (exclusive) tātou (inclusive)
2nd person			ʻoe, ʻe	ʻoulua	ʻoutou, tou
3rd person			ia, na	lāʻua	lātou

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Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (stressed) /na/, (unstressed) /nə/

Etymology 1

Univerbation of an (“in”) +‎ a (“his/her”).

Preposition

na (+ dative)

1. (triggers lenition) in his; in its
2. (triggers H-prothesis) in her; in its

Inflection

Possessive declension of an

	Singular	Plural
First person	namL	narN
Second person	nadL	nurN
Third person m	naL	nanN, namN 1)
Third person f	naH
L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; N Triggers eclipsis; 1) Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Article

na (triggers H-prothesis)

1. inflection of an (“the”):
   1. genitive singular feminine
   2. nominative or dative plural

Declension

Variation of na (definite article)
	Masculine			Feminine			Plural
	nom.	dat.	gen.	nom.	dat.	gen.	nom.	dat.	gen.
+ f-	am	anL		anL		na	na		nam
+ m-, p- or b-	am	a'L		a'L		na	na		nam
+ c- or g-	an	anL		anL		na	na		nan
+ sV-, sl-, sn- or sr-	an	anT		anT		na	na		nan
+ other consonant	an	an		an		na	na		nan
+ vowel	anT	an		an		naH	naH		nan
L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; T Triggers T-prothesis

Etymology 3

From Old Irish a (“that which”)

Pronoun

na

1. all that, that which, whatever

Etymology 4

From Old Irish nó, nú, from Proto-Celtic *now- (compare Welsh neu and Old Breton nou).

Conjunction

na

1. or

Etymology 5

From Old Irish indás (“than (it) is”).

Conjunction

na

1. than

Etymology 6

Univerbation of an (interrogative particle) +‎ do (past tense particle)

Particle

na

1. marks an interrogative in the past tense

   Na rinn thu sin? ― Did you do that?

Etymology 7

From Old Irish ná.

Particle

na

1. don’t (particle used to introduce a negative imperative; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)

   Na bruidhinn!

   Do not speak!

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂no(H). Compare nȁd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

• audio

  (file)

Preposition

na (Cyrillic spelling на)

1. (+ locative case) on, at, in (with certain nouns, expressing location without a change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ; see usage notes below)

   knjiga je na stolu ― the book is on the table

   biti na koncertu ― to be at the concert

   biti na ulici ― to be in the street

   zv(ij)ezde na nebu ― stars in the sky

2. (+ locative case) on (indicating medium)

   čuti nešto na radiju ― to hear something on the radio

3. (+ accusative case) to, on, onto (with certain nouns, expressing the goal of motion, answering questions kùda (Bosnian, Serbian) or kȁmo (Croatian); see usage notes below)

   staviti knjigu na sto(l) ― to put a book on the table

   ići na koncert ― to go to a concert

4. (+ accusative case) for (with verbs of motion and certain other verbs, to express something which will last for a limited period; after that a reverse action is implied)

   otići nekuda/nekamo na dva dana ― to go somewhere for two days

5. (+ accusative case) in (used with seasons)

   na l(j)eto ― in summer, next summer, the following summer

6. (+ accusative case) noun attribute for permanent properties, such as sources of power or energy, but not including purpose

   krevet na kat ― bunk bed (literally, “bed on story, level”)

   podmornica na atomski pogon ― nuclear-powered submarine (literally, “submarine (run) on the nuclear power”)

   jaje na oko ― sunny-side up egg (literally, “egg on the eye”)

   ljubav na daljinu ― long-distance relationship (literally, “love on distance”)

   r(ij)eči na a ― words ending in a (literally, “words on a”)

7. (+ accusative case) by, on, through (adverbial phrase of manner)

   ući na prednja vrata ― to enter through the front door (literally, “to enter on the front door”)

   plaćena na sat ― paid by the hour (literally, “paid on an hour”)

   na brzinu ― hastily (literally, “on speed”)

   na vr(ij)eme ― on time

8. (+ accusative case) indirect object of certain verbs

   vikati na ljude ― to yell at people

   pods(j)ećati na nekog ― to remind of someone

9. (+ accusative case) a part of certain set expressions, which can be spelled also as one word in Croatian

   na sreću ― luckily

   na prim(j)er ― for example

Usage notes

na is used to indicate the location (with locative) or the goal of motion (with accusative), with:

• surfaces, either horizontal (table) or vertical (wall), including open spaces such as playgrounds, mountains, islands, most neighborhoods, pictures, the sky
• activities, such as ručak lunch, odmor vacation, posao work, predavanje lecture, sastanak meeting
• exposure to the sun, fresh air, wind, rain and snow (na suncu ― in the sun)
• limits: rub, ivica edge, početak beginning, kraj end, vrh top, dno bottom
• languages (na engleskom ― in English)
• with more sea, to express at/to the seaside; with selo village, to express in/to the countryside
• the noun fakultet

Interjection

na! (Cyrillic spelling на!)

1. Here you are! Take it!
2. Help yourself!

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Shona

Shona cardinal numbers

<  3	4	5  >
Cardinal : na     Ordinal : china

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nàì.

Adjective

-na

1. four

Inflection

Inflected forms of -na

plural only
Class 2		vana
Class 4		mina
Class 6		mana
Class 8		zvina
Class 10		ina
Class 13		tuna

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Sicilian

Article

na f sg

1. (indefinite) a, an

See also

Sicilian articles
	Masculine	Feminine
indefinite singular	un, nu	na
definite singular	lu, û	la, â
definite plural	li, î	li, î

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Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈna/

Preposition

na (followed by locative šiesty pád)

1. on (location)

na (followed by accusative štvrtý pád)

1. for (purpose)

Further reading

• na in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *na.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

1. (with locative) on (stationary)
2. (with accusative) onto (motion towards)
3. (with accusative) at, on (a moment in time)

Further reading

• “na”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

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Somali

Adverb

na

1. moreover

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Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-nɪ̀a.

Verb

-na

1. to rain

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

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Spanish

Etymology 1

From enna.

Contraction

na

1. (obsolete) en la

Etymology 2

Representing accents where intervocalic /d/ is lost after a stressed syllable.

Alternative forms

• na'

Pronoun

na

1. Pronunciation spelling of nada.

Further reading

• “na” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Sranan Tongo

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch naar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Preposition

na

1. to

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Sumerian

Romanization

na

1. Romanization of 𒈾 (na)

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Swahili

Etymology

Akin to Lingala na, Luganda na. From Proto-Bantu [Term?]. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Find Bantu cognates and Proto-Bantu etymon”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nɑ/

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Conjunction

na

1. and
2. with
3. by

Usage notes

Older or more conservative Swahili writings only use na to connect two nouns, never to connect two adjectives; the second adjective is changed into an abstract noun instead. However, in modern colloquial Swahili, this is not always the case.

na can be suffixed with special suffixes (for human pronominals) or any -o of reference (for other objects) to inflect it with an object (for example, nayo = "with it"):

Inflection

Object-inflected forms of na:

Pronominals	1s	2s	3s	1p	2p	3p
Object-inflected form	nami	nawe	naye	nasi	nanyi	nao

Classes	c1	c2/c3/c11/c14	c4/c6/c9	c5	c7	c8	c10	c15	c16	c17
Object-inflected form	naye	nao	nayo	nalo	nacho	navyo	nazo	nako	napo	namo

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Swazi

Particle

nâ

1. Interrogative particle; indicates a yes-no question. Placed at the end of the sentence.

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish hana, accusative form of hon. In standard Swedish the corresponding dative form (henne, in Old Norse: hænni) instead has taken its place.

Pronoun

na

1. (dialectal, strongly colloquial) her; accusative/dative of hon

   Jo, ja' gav'na brevet.

   Yes, I gave her the letter.

Usage notes

Often merged with previous word. Rarely in written form unless supposed to imitate (dialectal) speech.

Synonyms

• henne

See also

• en

Anagrams

• -an, an, an-

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Tagalog

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na/

Adverb

na

1. already; now (expresses the event when followed by a verb)

   Tapos na.

   Finished already.

   Yari na tayo.

   We've now been made.

2. already; now (declares the event of action when followed by a verb in the past tense)

   Natulog na.

   Slept already.

   Bumili na.

   Bought already.

3. already; now (suggests immediate or quick action when followed by the infinitive form and future tense of the verb)

   Pumasok na tayo.

   Let's go in already.

   Ipinabibili ko na ang gamot.

   I'm having someone buy the medicine now.

Adjective

na

1. already; now (expresses the event when followed by a noun)

   Bagsak na.

   Failure already.

   Abogado na siya.

   He/She is now a lawyer.

2. now; already (expresses a shift or change in the performance of a task when followed by a personal pronoun)

   Ako na.

   My turn.

   (literally, “Me now.”)

   Ikaw na.

   Your turn.

   (literally, “You now.”)

   Siya na.

   His/her turn.

   (literally, “Him/her now.”)

Preposition

na

1. connects adjectives and nouns

   May matinis na boses siya.

   He/she has a piercing voice.

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From .

Conjunction

1. and

Derived terms

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.

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Tzotzil

Noun

1. house

Inflection

possessive forms of na

indefinite possession
nail
	singular	plural
		inclusive	exclusive
1st	jna	jnatik	jnakutik  jnatikotik
2nd	ana	anaik
3rd	sna	snaik

References

• Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
• Laughlin, Robert M. [et al.] (1988) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of Santo Domingo Zinacantán, vol. I. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

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Unami

Pronoun

1. that (animate)

---

Venda

Conjunction

1. and
2. with

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Venetian

Article

1. a, an

---

Vietnamese

Noun

(classifier )

1. sugar apple (Annona squamosa)

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Welsh

Etymology 1

Cognate with , ultimately from + .

Interjection

1. no

Particle

1. not
2. don’t

Usage notes

Triggers mixed (aspirate or soft) mutation of a following consonant. When the following consonant is g, which disappears under soft mutation, the form na remains; it does not become , the form used before vowels. Thus na + gallan becomes na allan, not *nag allan.

Conjunction

1. that … not

   <span id="attentionseekingcy" class="attentionseeking" lang="cy" title="">

Etymology 2

Variant of , probably from rebracketing of the comparative “*-achn ” as “ ”.

Conjunction

1. than
2. neither, nor

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Westrobothnian

Etymology 1

From .

Adverb

1. somewhat

   Hä rit nona högt ópp i värä tornä däna

   That tower rises fairly high up in the air.

Etymology 2

From .

Pronoun

1. her

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Xhosa

Etymology 2

From .

Verb

1. to rain

Inflection

This verb needs an [[:Category: verb inflection-table templates|inflection-table template]].

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Yola

Etymology

From , from , from . Cognates include and .

Particle

1. no

References

• Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, , London: J. Russell Smith

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Zaghawa

Pronoun

1. you (singular); thou

   Na dô neygini? : Are you tired?

References

• Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad

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Zhuang

Etymology

From . Cognate with , , , , , .

Adjective

1. thick (with opposite surfaces far apart)

2. dense; thick

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Zia

Etymology

From . Cognate to .

Pronoun

1. I

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Zou

Etymology 1

From , from . Cognates include and .

Adjective

1. ill

Etymology 2

From , from . Cognates include and .

Noun

1. nose

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) , Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 47

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Zulu

Etymology 1

Possibly from .

Etymology 2

From .

Verb

1. to rain

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), ”, in , →ISBN
• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), ”, in , →ISBN