inquam
Latin
editEtymology
editFrom Old Latin īnseque, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁enskʷet, *h₁en-prefixed form of the thematic aorist of Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈin.kʷam/, [ˈɪŋkʷä̃ˑ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈin.kwam/, [ˈiŋkwäm]
Verb
editinquam (perfect active inquiī); irregular conjugation, irregular, highly defective
- to say
- c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.20:
- "Haec ut intellegatis," inquit, "a me sincere pronuntiari, audite Romanos milites"
- "In order that you may be assured," he said, "that I sincerely announce these things, listen to the Roman soldiers!"
- "Haec ut intellegatis," inquit, "a me sincere pronuntiari, audite Romanos milites"
Usage notes
edit- Used to introduce a quotation, platitude, or logical argument.
Conjugation
editThis verb is largely conjugated as if it were *inquiō (3rd conjugation) in present tenses and *inquō (also 3rd conjugation) in perfect tenses except 1st person singular. However, there is an unusual first person singular present form inquam (cf. the athematic verb sum). This form was possibly derived from *h₁enskʷom, the 1st person singular indicative form of Proto-Indo-European *h₁enskʷet (an aorist verb).
Conjugation of inquam (irregular, highly defective) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | inquam | inquis | inquit | inquimus | inquitis | inquiunt |
imperfect | — | — | inquiēbat | — | — | — | |
future | — | inquiēs | inquiet | — | — | — | |
perfect | inquiī | inquistī | inquit | — | — | — | |
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | — | inquiat | — | — | — |
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | inque | — | — | — | — |
future | — | inquitō | inquitō | — | — | — | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
participles | inquiēns | — | — | — | — | — |
References
edit- “inquam”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “inquam”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- inquam in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Categories:
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sekʷ- (say)
- Latin terms inherited from Old Latin
- Latin terms derived from Old Latin
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin irregular verbs
- Latin defective verbs