aio
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
aio
Galician edit
Etymology edit
Attested since circa 1300. Either from the feminine aia, itself supposedly from Latin avia (“grandmother”), or from Gothic *𐌷𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰 (*hagja, “protector”).[1] Cognate with Portuguese aio and Spanish ayo.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
aio m (plural aios, feminine aia, feminine plural aias)
- (historical) tutor, governor of a child
- Synonym: titor
- 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana. Introducción e texto, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page 735:
- Et sabede que nõ ouuerõ mester ayos, ca todo aprendíã moy bẽ de seu, quanto lles cõvĩjna.
- And you must know that they didn't need tutors, because all they learned very well by themselves, everything that suited them
References edit
- “ayo” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “ayo” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “aio” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “aio” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “ayo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *agjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ǵyéti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵ- (“to say”).
Cognate with adā̆gium, prōdigium, Ancient Greek ἠμί (ēmí, “to say”), Old Armenian ասեմ (asem, “to say”), and Proto-Tocharian *āks- (“to announce, proclaim, instruct”). See also negō.
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈai̯.i̯oː/, [ˈäi̯ːoː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈa.jo/, [ˈäːjo]
Verb edit
aiō (present infinitive aiere, perfect active ait); third conjugation iō-variant, irregular, highly defective
Usage notes edit
- Often spelt āiō, etc. with long ā before consonantal i, especially in older editions, even though the a is in fact short. This is to mark the syllable as long by position due to the regularly-double morpheme-internal /j/, which is normally spelt as single in modern editions.
- The full spelling is said to have been used by Cicero among others, who wrote AIIO, AIIUNT, AIIEBANT, as well as MAIIOR (maior), EIIUS (eius), etc. Other writers and makers of inscriptions used the ī longa (tall I), e.g. AꟾO, EꟾUS, or even a combination AIꟾO, EIꟾUS.
- 3rd-person singular ait, the most common form, is normally attested as a disyllabic with two light syllables, that is [ˈa.ɪt], not [ˈaj.jɪt] with a first heavy syllable.
- The original forms with long ī, including before final t, can be found in Plautus, e.g. aīs, aīt, later undergoing iambic shortening.
- Also in Plautus can be found diphthongal forms such as a͡is (one syllable), a͡it (one syllable), a͡ibam/a͡ibās/a͡ibāt (two syllables), etc.
- ait is also used in past narration; through its reinterpretation as a perfect-tense form, aistī is found post-Classically.
Conjugation edit
| Conjugation of aiō (third conjugation iō-variant, irregular, active only, highly defective) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | aiō | ais | ait | — | — | aiunt |
| imperfect | aiēbam | aiēbās | aiēbat | aiēbāmus | aiēbātis | aiēbant | |
| perfect | — | aistī | ait | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | aiās | aiat | — | — | aiant |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | ai | — | — | — | — |
| future | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | aiere | — | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | aiēns | — | — | — | — | — | |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “aio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “aio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- aio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to do a thing which is not one's vocation, which goes against the grain: adversante et repugnante natura or invitā Minervā (ut aiunt) aliquid facere (Off. 1. 31. 110)
- as the proverb says: ut or quod or quomodo aiunt, ut or quemadmodum dicitur
- (ambiguous) as Homer sings (not canit): ut ait Homerus
- (ambiguous) as Cicero says: ut ait Cicero (always in this order)
- to do a thing which is not one's vocation, which goes against the grain: adversante et repugnante natura or invitā Minervā (ut aiunt) aliquid facere (Off. 1. 31. 110)
Pohnpeian edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
aio
- yesterday
- Likamwete e kohdo aio.
- Apparently he came yesterday.
- Likamwete e kohdo aio.
Portuguese edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Probably from Late Latin avius, masculinized from Latin avia (“grandmother”), whence Portuguese aia (“governoress”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
aio m (plural aios, feminine aia, feminine plural aias)
See also edit
Rotokas edit
Verb edit
aio
Related terms edit
References edit
- Firchow, Irwin, Firchow, Jacqueline, Akoitai, David (1973) Vocabulary of Rotokas - Pidgin - English[2], Ukarumpa: Summer Institute of Linguistics, page 3
Venetian edit
Noun edit
aio m (plural ai)
Yoruba edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
aio