Hungarian

edit

Etymology

edit

Lexicalization of the Old Hungarian noun ki ~ kiv (outer part) +‎ -l (ablative suffix).[1][2]

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [ˈkiːvyl]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: kí‧vül
  • Rhymes: -yl

Adverb

edit

kívül

  1. outside, outdoors
    Synonym: kint
    Antonyms: belül, bent

Derived terms

edit
Compound words

Postposition

edit

kívül

  1. outside of something (followed by -n/-on/-en/-ön)
  2. apart from, besides (followed by -n/-on/-en/-ön)

Declension

edit

When used with personal pronouns, the postposition is placed after the declined form, e.g. rajtam kívül (besides me). The other option is the declension of the postposition itself. It is, however, archaic or poetic:

Derived terms

edit
Compound words
Expressions

References

edit
  1. ^ kívül in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  2. ^ kívül in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.

Further reading

edit
  • kívül in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN