kaušas

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)koHw-ḱ-óm (“bucket”), which Derksen takes as an extension of the root *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”). Cognate with Latvian kauss (“cup; ladle”), as well as Russian ковш (kovš, “scoop, ladle; bucket”), Finnish kauha (“ladle”) (Baltic borrowings), and Sanskrit कोश (kośa, “cask, bucket, box”);^[1] compare also Armenian կուժ (kuž, “jug”).^[2] Despite similar phonetics and semantics, not related to Ancient Greek καῦκος (kaûkos, “cup”) or Irish cuach (“bowl, goblet”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈkaʊ̯ʃɐs/

Noun

káušas m (plural kaušai) stress pattern 1

bucket (of an excavator or other machinery)
Skreperio pagrindinės dalys yra prikabinamasis įrengimas, traukos rėmas, kaušas ir kaušo valdymo mechanizmas.
The main parts of the scraper are the hitch, traction frame, the bucket and the bucket control mechanism.
ladle, dipper
kaušas vandens ― a ladle of water

kaušas miltų ― a dipper of flour
big cup
Gėrė midų iš kaušų. ― They drank mead from big cups.
fishing net, a scoop-like net for catching fish

Usage notes

While samtis can also mean "ladle", kaušas is generally considered larger than a samtis.

Declension

Declension of káušas

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	káušas	káušai
genitive (kilmininkas)	káušo	káušų
dative (naudininkas)	káušui	káušams
accusative (galininkas)	káušą	káušus
instrumental (įnagininkas)	káušu	káušais
locative (vietininkas)	káuše	káušuose
vocative (šauksmininkas)	káuše	káušai

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Polish: kowsz
→ Old East Slavic: ковшь (kovšĭ)
- → Belarusian: коўш (koŭš)
- → Russian: ковш (kovš)
- → Ukrainian: ківш (kivš)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kaušas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 234
^ “kaušas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012