Indonesian

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Etymology

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Affixed lingkung +‎ -an, inherited from Malay lingkungan, from Classical Malay lingkungan (area).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [lɪŋˈkʊŋan]
  • Hyphenation: ling‧kung‧an
  • Rhymes: -an, -n

Noun

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lingkungan (plural lingkungan-lingkungan, first-person possessive lingkunganku, second-person possessive lingkunganmu, third-person possessive lingkungannya)

  1. environment,
    1. the surroundings of, and influences on, a particular item of interest.
    2. the natural world or ecosystem.
    3. all the elements that affect a system or its inputs and outputs.
    4. (computing) the software and/or hardware existing on any particular computer system.
  2. area, a particular geographic region.
  3. circle, group.
    Synonyms: golongan, kalangan
  4. (Catholicism) subdivision of a parish.
    Synonym: kring
  5. (sociology) short for lingkungan tetangga (neighbourhood).
    Synonym: kejiranan (Standard Malay)

Synonyms

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Further reading

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Malay

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Etymology

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Affixed lingkung +‎ -an.

Noun

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lingkungan (plural lingkungan-lingkungan, informal 1st possessive lingkunganku, 2nd possessive lingkunganmu, 3rd possessive lingkungannya)

  1. sphere
  2. limit
  3. area
  4. radius
  5. region
  6. spectrum
  7. enclosure

Descendants

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  • Indonesian: lingkungan

Further reading

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