munu
Apalaí edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Cariban *munu (“blood”).
Noun edit
munu
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
munu (first person singular present indicative mun, first person plural past subjunctive mundi or myndi)
Conjugation edit
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munu — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að munu | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
past infinitive (nafnháttur þátíð) |
mundu ⁄ myndu | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég mun | við munum | present (nútíð) |
ég muni | við munum |
þú munt | þið munuð | þú munir | þið munið | ||
hann, hún, það mun | þeir, þær, þau munu | hann, hún, það muni | þeir, þær, þau muni | ||
past (þátíð) |
-- | -- | past (þátíð) |
ég mundi / myndi | við mundum / myndum |
-- | -- | þú mundir / myndir | þið munduð / mynduð | ||
-- | -- | hann, hún, það mundi / myndi | þeir, þær, þau mundu / myndu | ||
Note that the indicative past forms do not exist and that this verb only exists in the active, with no past participle. Forms divided by a / are both used. |
See also edit
Mwani edit
Noun edit
munu class 1 (plural wanu)
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
A semantically differentiated variant of muna.
Verb edit
munu (third-person singular present indicative man or mun)
- (auxiliary verb) denoting futurity will, shall
- munu margir þess gjalda
- many will smart for it
- denoting what is probable or pretty certain
- (past tense) would, must
- kvað hann þá nú mundu dauða
- he said that now they must be dead
Usage notes edit
- When auxiliary to a copula, the copula may be left out.
- Along with only two other verbs (skulu and vilja), munu has a special past tense infinitive. It is equal to the third person plural past tense mundu. This rare form is mostly used when the verb of the main clause also is in the past tense.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of munu (preterite-present)
infinitive | munu | |
---|---|---|
present participle | munandi | |
past participle | – | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | mun, man | mynda, munda |
2nd-person singular | mun, mant | mynda, mundir |
3rd-person singular | mun, man | mynda, mundi |
1st-person plural | munum | mynda, mundum |
2nd-person plural | munuð | mynda, munduð |
3rd-person plural | munu | mynda, mundu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | muna, myna | mynda |
2nd-person singular | munir, mynir | myndir |
3rd-person singular | muni, myni | myndi |
1st-person plural | munim, mynim | myndim |
2nd-person plural | munið, mynið | myndið |
3rd-person plural | muni, myni | myndi |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | mun | |
1st-person plural | munum | |
2nd-person plural | munuð |
Descendants edit
- Icelandic: munu
- Norwegian Bokmål: monne
- Norwegian Nynorsk: muna, mune
- Swedish: mån, månde, månne
- → Middle English: mone, mon, mune, munne, mun, man
See also edit
- muna (“remember”)
References edit
- “munu”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Pitjantjatjara edit
Conjunction edit
munu
Usage notes edit
Munu is a non-switching conjunction. When it joins two clauses or sentences, it conveys that the subject of the first clause carries over into the second. In cases where each clause has a different subject, ka is used instead.
References edit
San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
munu
References edit
- Stewart, Cloyd, et al. (2000) Diccionario amuzgo de San Pedro Amuzgos, Oaxaca, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C.
Trió edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Cariban *munu. Compare Ye'kwana munu, Macushi mînî, Apalaí munu.
Noun edit
munu
Ye'kwana edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Cariban *munu (“blood”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
munu (possessed munui)
References edit
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) “munu”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana[2], Lyon, page 113
- Hall, Katherine Lee (1988) “munu”, in The morphosyntax of discourse in De'kwana Carib, volumes I and II, Saint Louis, Missouri: PhD Thesis, Washington University
- Hall, Katherine (2007) “munu”, in Mary Ritchie Key & Bernard Comrie, editors, The Intercontinental Dictionary Series[3], Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, published 2021