sapio

See also: Sapio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *sapiō, from Proto-Indo-European *sh₁p-i- (“to notice”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁p-. Cognate with Old English sefa (“mind, spirit, mood”) and possibly with Ancient Greek σοφός (sophós, “wisdom”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pi.oː/, [ˈs̠äpioː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsa.pi.o/, [ˈsäːpio]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Verb

sapiō (present infinitive sapere, perfect active sapīvī or sapiī or sapuī); third conjugation iō-variant, no passive, no supine stem

1. (intransitive) I have taste, have flavour.
2. (transitive) I taste of, taste like, smack of, have a flavour of.

   Synonym: lambō

3. (figurative, intransitive) I have good taste; I have sense, discernment; I am sensible, discreet, prudent, wise.

   Synonyms: sentiō, percipiō

4. (figurative, transitive) I know, understand (mostly with general objects).
5. (Medieval Latin) I know.

   Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, cōnsciō, sciō, nōscō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō

   Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō

6. (Medieval Latin) I am able.

Conjugation

Conjugation of sapiō (third conjugation iō-variant, no supine stem, active only)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sapiō	sapis	sapit	sapimus	sapitis	sapiunt
	imperfect	sapiēbam	sapiēbās	sapiēbat	sapiēbāmus	sapiēbātis	sapiēbant
	future	sapiam	sapiēs	sapiet	sapiēmus	sapiētis	sapient
	perfect	sapīvī, sapiī, sapuī	sapīvistī, sapiistī, sapuistī	sapīvit, sapiit, sapuit	sapīvimus, sapiimus, sapuimus	sapīvistis, sapiistis, sapuistis	sapīvērunt, sapīvēre, sapiērunt, sapiēre, sapuērunt, sapuēre
	pluperfect	sapīveram, sapieram, sapueram	sapīverās, sapierās, sapuerās	sapīverat, sapierat, sapuerat	sapīverāmus, sapierāmus, sapuerāmus	sapīverātis, sapierātis, sapuerātis	sapīverant, sapierant, sapuerant
	future perfect	sapīverō, sapierō, sapuerō	sapīveris, sapieris, sapueris	sapīverit, sapierit, sapuerit	sapīverimus, sapierimus, sapuerimus	sapīveritis, sapieritis, sapueritis	sapīverint, sapierint, sapuerint
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	sapiam	sapiās	sapiat	sapiāmus	sapiātis	sapiant
	imperfect	saperem	saperēs	saperet	saperēmus	saperētis	saperent
	perfect	sapīverim, sapierim, sapuerim	sapīverīs, sapierīs, sapuerīs	sapīverit, sapierit, sapuerit	sapīverīmus, sapierīmus, sapuerīmus	sapīverītis, sapierītis, sapuerītis	sapīverint, sapierint, sapuerint
	pluperfect	sapīvissem, sapiissem, sapuissem	sapīvissēs, sapiissēs, sapuissēs	sapīvisset, sapiisset, sapuisset	sapīvissēmus, sapiissēmus, sapuissēmus	sapīvissētis, sapiissētis, sapuissētis	sapīvissent, sapiissent, sapuissent
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	sape	—	—	sapite	—
	future	—	sapitō	sapitō	—	sapitōte	sapiuntō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		sapere	sapīvisse, sapiisse, sapuisse	—	—	—	—
participles		sapiēns	—	—	—	—	—
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		sapiendī	sapiendō	sapiendum	sapiendō	—	—

Derived terms

• consipiō
• dēsipiō
• praesipiō
• resipiō
• resipisco
• sapiēns
• sapientia
• sapientipotēns
• sapidus
• sapor
• supersapiō

Descendants

• Vulgar Latin: *sapeo (see there for further descendants)
• → Volapük: sap

References

• “sapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sapio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sapio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• sapio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be a man of sense, judgment: sapere (Off. 2. 14. 48)