stosunek

Polish edit

Etymology edit

From stosować +‎ -unek. Sense 7 and sense 6 are semantic loans from English relations, sense 8 is a semantic loan from English connections and contacts, sense 9 is a semantic loan from English terms. First attested in 1781.^[1]. Cognate with English stotting.

Pronunciation edit

IPA^(key): /stɔˈsu.nɛk/
Audio 1 (file)
Audio 2 (file)
Rhymes: -unɛk
Syllabification: sto‧su‧nek

Noun edit

stosunek m inan (diminutive stosuneczek)

relation, relationship (manner in which two things may be associated) [+ do (genitive) = to what]
Synonym: relacja
relation, relationship; attitude (manner in which and tone with which two people or things interact) [+ do (genitive) = to what], [+ wobec (genitive) = towards what]
Synonyms: nastawienie, podejście
(mathematics) relation, relationship (quotient obtained by dividing two numbers or two quantities belonging to a given set of numbers or quantities)
Synonym: proporcja
(obsolete) affair (illegimate romantic relation)
Synonym: romans
(obsolete, chemistry) equivalent
Synonym: równoważnik
(often in the plural) relation (act of intercourse) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom]
(in the plural) relations, relationship (act of maintaining contact) [+ z (instrumental) = with whom], [+ między (instrumental) = between whom]
Synonym: związek
(in the plural) connections (people with whom one is acquainted who can offer help and influence) [+case = ] [+ prep (case) = ]
Synonym: powiązania
(in the plural) terms (conditions; states or qualities)
Synonym: warunki

Declension edit

Declension of stosunek

	singular	plural
nominative	stosunek	stosunki
genitive	stosunku	stosunków
dative	stosunkowi	stosunkom
accusative	stosunek	stosunki
instrumental	stosunkiem	stosunkami
locative	stosunku	stosunkach
vocative	stosunku	stosunki

Derived terms edit

adjective

stosunkowy

nouns

preposition

w stosunku do

verbs

stosunkować impf

Related terms edit

adverb

stosunkowo

noun

stosunkowość

Descendants edit

→ Kashubian: stosënk (calque)
→ Silesian: stosōnek (calque)
→ Ukrainian: стосу́нок (stosúnok)

Trivia edit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), stosunek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 49 times in scientific texts, 46 times in news, 99 times in essays, 18 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 220 times, making it the 252nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[2]

References edit

^ Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “stosunek”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎^[1]
^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “stosunek”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎^[2] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 563