z

See also: Appendix:Variations of "z"

z U+007A, z LATIN SMALL LETTER Z ← y [U+0079] Basic Latin { → [U+007B]

ｚ U+FF5A, ｚ FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER Z ← ｙ [U+FF59] Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｛ → [U+FF5B]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA

  (file)

LetterEdit

z (upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin script):  Aa  Bb  Cc  Dd  Ee  Ff  Gg  Hh  Ii  Jj  Kk  Ll  Mm  Nn  Oo  Pp  Qq  Rr  Sſs  Tt  Uu  Vv  Ww  Xx  Yy  Zz
• (Variations of letter Z):  Źź  Ẑẑ  Žž  Żż  Ẓẓ  Ẕẕ  Ƶƶ  Ȥȥ  Ⱬⱬ  ᵶ  ᶎ  ʐ  ʑ  ɀ  ᴢ  Ｚｚ  DZDzdz  DZDzdz  DŽDždž  DŽDždž
• Greek ζ, Hebrew ז.

SymbolEdit

z

1. (metrology) Symbol for the prefix zepto-.
2. (astronomy) Symbol for the redshift.
3. (mathematics) Used to denote a real variable when x and y are already in use.

   $f\left(x,y,z\right)=\sin x+\cos y+\tan z$

4. (mathematics) Used to denote the third coordinate in three-dimensional Cartesian and cylindrical coordinate systems.

   $x^{2}+y^{2}+z^{2}=1$

5. (mathematics) Used to denote a complex variable.

   $\left\Vert z\right\Vert =z\cdot {\bar {z}}$

6. (statistics) Used to denote a value of a standard normal random variable.

   $P[Z>z]=1-P[Z<z]=1-\Phi (z)$

7. (analytic geometry, classical mechanics) Quantity along the third axis in a three-dimensional system, vertical when applicable.
8. (chemistry) Symbol for atomic number.
9. (IPA) voiced alveolar fricative

Derived termsEdit

Prefix zepto-

• zA
• zcd
• zK

• zkg
• zm

• zmol
• zs

• zBq
• zC
• zF
• zGy
• zH
• zHz
• zJ

• zkat
• zlm
• zlx
• zN
• zΩ
• zPa
• zrad

• zS
• zSv
• zsr
• zT
• zV
• zW
• zWb

GalleryEdit

• Letter styles
• 

  Capital and lowercase versions of Z, in normal and italic type

• 

  Uppercase and lowercase Z in Fraktur

See alsoEdit

Other representations of Z:

NATO phonetic: Zulu Morse code: ––·· Braille: ⠵ ASL Manual: Z

Signal flag:

Semaphore:

---

EnglishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Letter name

• (UK) IPA^(key): /zɛd/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ziː/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Phoneme

• IPA^(key): /z/

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z, plural z's)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the English alphabet, called zed or zee and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) letter; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

AzerbaijaniEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /z/

LetterEdit

z lower case (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-second letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) hərf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ə ə, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, X x, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, Q q, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

---

CimbrianEdit

ArticleEdit

z

1. the (neuter singular definite article)

ReferencesEdit

• Umberto Patuzzi, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar, Luserna: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien.

---

CzechEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /z/

• Audio

  (file)

PrepositionEdit

z

1. from

   Toto víno pochází z Francie. -- This wine comes from France.

2. out of

   Pět z deseti doktorů doporučuje tuto zubní pastu.

   Five out of ten doctors recommend this toothpaste.

Usage notesEdit

This preposition is followed by the genitive case.

SynonymsEdit

• ze

---

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt
• (letter name): IPA^(key): /zɛt/

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• Previous letter: y

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EgyptianEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /zɛ/, /zɑ/
  • Conventional anglicization: ze, za

NounEdit

 m

1. A door bolt of wood or copper [since the Pyramid Texts]

InflectionEdit

Declension of z (masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

Alternative formsEdit

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of z  

[Old Kingdom]	[New Kingdom]	[Late Period]	[Late Period]

NounEdit

 m

1. man (male person) [since the Old Kingdom]
2. someone, anyone

Usage notesEdit

This word can be placed after a type of person and before a number to indicate that many prisoners of that type were taken.

InflectionEdit

Declension of z (masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

Alternative formsEdit

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of z  

z	z	z	z	s	s	sj	sꜣ
[Old Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the Middle Kingdom]	[since the 19th Dynasty]	[since the 19th Dynasty]	[Late Period]	[Greco-Roman Period]

Derived termsEdit

• z-n-wsrt

DescendantsEdit

• Coptic: ⲥⲁ- (sa-)

NounEdit

 m

1. being, creature (used of a snake) [Pyramid Texts]

InflectionEdit

Declension of z (masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

NounEdit

 m

1. A type of fish [22nd dynasty]

InflectionEdit

Declension of z (masculine)

singular	z
dual	zwj
plural	zw

ReferencesEdit

• Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926-1961) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN

---

EsperantoEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /zo/

• Audio

  (file)

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called zo and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, Ĉ ĉ, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ĝ ĝ, H h, Ĥ ĥ, I i, J j, Ĵ ĵ, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, R r, S s, Ŝ ŝ, T t, U u, Ŭ ŭ, V v, Z z

---

FinnishEdit

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-fifth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called tseta or tset and written in the Latin script.

Usage notesEdit

• Used only in loanwords. In more established loanwords replaced with ts.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) kirjain; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s (Š š), T t, U u, V v (W w), X x, Y y, Z z (Ž ž), Å å, Ä ä, Ö ö

---

IdoEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (context pronunciation) IPA^(key): /z/
• (letter name) IPA^(key): /ze/

LetterEdit

z (upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) litero; A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

ItalianEdit

NounEdit

z m, f (invariable)

1. See under Z

---

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

The minuscule form derives from the majuscule Z.

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-third letter of the Classical Latin alphabet, called zēta.

ReferencesEdit

• z in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• z in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

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LatvianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): [z]

LetterEdit

Z

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The thirty-second letter of the Latvian alphabet, called zē and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• Letters of the Latvian alphabet:

  burti: Aa, Āā, Bb, Cc, Čč, Dd, Ee, Ēē, Ff, Gg, Ģģ, Hh, Ii, Īī, Jj, Kk, Ķķ, Ll, Ļļ, Mm, Nn, Ņņ, Oo, Pp, Rr, Ss, Šš, Tt, Uu, Ūū, Vv, Zz, Žž

---

LivonianEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /z/

LetterEdit

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-eighth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) kēratēḑ; A a, Ā ā, Ä ä, Ǟ ǟ, B b, D d, Ḑ ḑ, E e, Ē ē, F f, G g, H h, I i, Ī ī, J j, K k, L l, Ļ ļ, M m, N n, Ņ ņ, O o, Ō ō, Ȯ ȯ, Ȱ ȱ, Õ õ, Ȭ ȭ, P p, R r, Ŗ ŗ, S s, Š š, T t, Ț ț, U u, Ū ū, V v, Z z, Ž ž

---

Lower SorbianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

• ze (used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /z/, (before a voiceless consonant) /s/

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs

PrepositionEdit

z (with genitive)

1. from, out of

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom

PrepositionEdit

z (with instrumental)

1. with

   Stej bratš ze sotšu. ― They are brother and sister

   (lit. ‘brother with sister’).

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MalayEdit

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

NorwegianEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (letter name): IPA^(key): /set/, /sɛt/
• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /s/, /ʃ/

LetterEdit

z

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notesEdit

• Not used in Norwegian, only appears in loanwords from e.g. Slavic.
• Used interchangeably with s in Internet slang and informal writing.

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PolishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

• ze

PronunciationEdit

• (isolated) IPA^(key): /z/, /s/

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *jьz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰs

PrepositionEdit

z (+ genitive)

1. from

   Jestem z Polski.

   I'm from Poland.

2. out of

   jeden z dziesięciu ― one out of ten

3. made of

   motyka z drewna ― a hoe made of wood

4. at

   Jesteś z przodu czy z tyłu?

   Are you at the front or at the back?

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom

PrepositionEdit

z (+ instrumental)

1. with

Usage notesEdit

• As a rule of thumb the preposition z should be changed to ze when the pronunciation of the two consecutive words becomes problematic. Some dictionaries claim that this rule applies to the words starting with one of the following consonants: s, z, ś, ź, ż, rz, sz that are followed by another consonant. Examples include:

  Ten pręt jest z żelaza.

  This rod is made of iron.

  Ten pręt jest ze stali.

  This rod is made of steel.

  Pochodzę z Francji.

  I come from France.

  Pochodzę ze Szwecji.

  I come from Sweden.

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

• z in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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PortugueseEdit

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) letra; A a (Á á, À à,  â, àã), B b, C c (Ç ç), D d, E e (É é, Ê ê), F f, G g, H h, I i (Í í), J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o (Ó ó, Ô ô, Õ õ), P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u (Ú ú), V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

RomanianEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ze/, /zet/

LetterEdit

z (lowercase, capital Z)

1. The twenty-eighth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called ze, zet, zed, or zî and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) A a, Ă ă,  â, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, Πî, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, Ș ș, T t, Ț ț, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z

---

SaniEdit

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /z̊³³/

NounEdit

z (transliteration needed)

1. water

ReferencesEdit

• Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area, volumes 26-27 (2003, Department of Linguistics, University of California), page 74
• Huang Bufan (editor), Xu Shouchun, Chen Jiaying, Wan Huiyin, A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon (1992; Central Minorities University, Beijing) (has z̊³³)

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Serbo-CroatianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

• (uppercase) Z

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /z/

PrepositionEdit

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

1. (Kajkavian, Chakavian, Croatia) (+ instrumental case) with
   • 1501, Marko Marulić, Judita

     požgat su pritili sela naša stane,

     žene z dicom htili vest u svoje strane,

     inim dati rane, svih smrtno sikući;

   • 1622, Ivan Gundulić, Suze sina razmetnoga

     od svjetlosti zrak otvori,

     i ostaše razlučene,

     z bielim danom noćne sjene:

   • 1927, Dragutin Domjanić, Kaj

     I srce mi greje

     I z menom se smeje

     I v žalosti plače takaj.

1. (Kajkavian) (+ genitive case) from, out of
   • 1927, Dragutin Domjanić, Kaj vrt si senja

     Oblaček po nebu

     Si stiha putuje,

     A z trave još samo

     Šćurica se čuje.

SynonymsEdit

• iz, s, sa, š

LetterEdit

z (Cyrillic spelling з)

1. The 29th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by v and followed by ž.

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Skolt SamiEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /z/

LetterEdit

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirty-third letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) bukva; A a,  â, B b, C c, Č č, Ʒ ʒ, Ǯ ǯ, D d, Đ đ, E e, F f, G g, Ǧ ǧ, Ǥ ǥ, H h, I i, J j, K k, Ǩ ǩ, L l, M m, N n, Ŋ ŋ, O o, Õ õ, P p, R r, S s, Š š, T t, U u, V v, Z z, Ž ž, Å å, Ä ä, ʹ

---

SlovakEdit

Alternative formsEdit

• zo (see usage notes)

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ˈz/

PrepositionEdit

z

1. from

Usage notesEdit

• The zo form is used when the following word starts with the letter z, ž, s, š and certain consonant clusters.

Further readingEdit

• z in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

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SloveneEdit

Etymology 1Edit

See Translingual section.

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /z/, word-finally /s/
• (phoneme) Tonal orthography: z

LetterEdit

z

1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script. Preceded by v and followed by ž.

Etymology 2Edit

From Proto-Slavic *sъ(n), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱom.

Alternative formsEdit

• (before a voiceless consonant) s

PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /z/
• Tonal orthography: z

PrepositionEdit

z

1. (with instrumental) with, by means of, using
2. (with instrumental) (together) with, in the company of
3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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SpanishEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (letter name):
  • (Castilian) IPA^(key): /ˈθeta/, [ˈθet̪a]
• (Latin America) IPA^(key): /ˈseta/, [ˈset̪a]

  • Audio (Spain)

    (file)

• (phoneme): IPA^(key): /s/, /θ/

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-seventh letter of the Spanish alphabet, called zeta and written in the Latin script.

---

SwedishEdit

PronunciationEdit

Letter name

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛːta/

Phoneme

• IPA^(key): /s/

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Swedish alphabet, called säta or zäta and written in the Latin script.

---

TurkishEdit

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-ninth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) harf; A a, B b, C c, Ç ç, D d, E e, F f, G g, Ğ ğ, H h, I ı, İ i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, V v, Y y, Z z

---

TurkmenEdit

PronunciationEdit

• (phoneme) IPA^(key): /ð/, /z/

LetterEdit

z (upper case Z)

1. The thirtieth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called ze and written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) harp; A a, B b, Ç ç, D d, E e, Ä ä, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, Ž ž, K k, L l, M m, N n, Ň ň, O o, Ö ö, P p, R r, S s, Ş ş, T t, U u, Ü ü, W w, Y y, Ý ý, Z z

---

ZuluEdit

LetterEdit

z (lower case, upper case Z)

1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See alsoEdit

• (Latin-script letters) A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l, M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, W w, X x, Y y, Z z