Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्थान (sthā́na). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna), Persian ستان (-estân, place).

Doublet of थाना (thānā), a tadbhava, and of -स्तान (-stān), a Persian loadword.

Pronunciation edit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /st̪ʰɑːn/, [st̪ʰä̃ːn]

Noun edit

स्थान (sthānm (Urdu spelling ستھان)

  1. place, site, location
    Synonym: जगह (jagah)
    उसका उपहार गुप्त स्थान में है।
    uskā uphār gupt sthān mẽ hai.
    His gift is at a secret location.
  2. room
    यहाँ तुम्हारे लिए स्थान नहीं है।
    yahā̃ tumhāre lie sthān nahī̃ hai.
    There is no room for you here.

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

References edit

Marathi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit स्थान (sthāna).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

स्थान (sthānn

  1. place, position, location
    Synonyms: जागा (j̈āgā), ठिकाण (ṭhikāṇ), स्थळ (sthaḷ)
  2. status

Declension edit

Declension of स्थान (neut cons-stem)
direct
singular
स्थान
sthān
direct
plural
स्थाने, स्थानं
sthāne, sthāna
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
nominative
प्रथमा
स्थान
sthān
स्थाने, स्थानं
sthāne, sthāna
oblique
सामान्यरूप
स्थाना
sthānā
स्थानां-
sthānān-
acc. / dative
द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
स्थानाला
sthānālā
स्थानांना
sthānānnā
ergative स्थानाने, स्थानानं
sthānāne, sthānāna
स्थानांनी
sthānānnī
instrumental स्थानाशी
sthānāśī
स्थानांशी
sthānānśī
locative
सप्तमी
स्थानात
sthānāt
स्थानांत
sthānāt
vocative
संबोधन
स्थाना
sthānā
स्थानांनो
sthānānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of स्थान (neut cons-stem)
masculine object
पुल्लिंगी कर्म
feminine object
स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
neuter object
नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
oblique
सामान्यरूप
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular*
एकवचन
plural
अनेकवचन
singular subject
एकवचनी कर्ता
स्थानाचा
sthānāċā
स्थानाचे
sthānāċe
स्थानाची
sthānācī
स्थानाच्या
sthānācā
स्थानाचे, स्थानाचं
sthānāċe, sthānāċa
स्थानाची
sthānācī
स्थानाच्या
sthānācā
plural subject
अनेकवचनी कर्ता
स्थानांचा
sthānānċā
स्थानांचे
sthānānċe
स्थानांची
sthānāñcī
स्थानांच्या
sthānāncā
स्थानांचे, स्थानांचं
sthānānċe, sthānānċa
स्थानांची
sthānāñcī
स्थानांच्या
sthānāñcā
* Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References edit

  • Berntsen, Maxine, “स्थान”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “स्थान”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *stáHnam, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂-no-m, from *steh₂- (to stand). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬥𐬀 (stāna), Old Persian 𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎴 (s-t-a-n /⁠stāna⁠/), Persian ستان (-estân, place). By surface analysis, स्था (sthā) +‎ -अन (-ana).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

स्थान (sthā́na) stemn

  1. the act of standing, standing firmly, being fixed or stationary
  2. position or posture of the body (in shooting etc.)
  3. staying, abiding, being in or on (in locative or compound)
  4. storing-place or storage (of goods)
  5. firm bearing (of troops), sustaining a charge (as opposed to युद्ध (yuddha, charging))
  6. state, condition (at the end of compound = "being in the state of")
  7. continued existence, continuance in the same state (i.e. in a kind of neutral state unmarked by loss or gain), continuing as or as long as (with instrumental)
  8. a state of perfect tranquility
  9. station, rank, office, appointment, dignity, degree
  10. place of standing or staying, any place, spot, locality, abode, dwelling, house, site
    स्थाने स्थाने (sthāne sthāne) or स्थाने स्थानेषु (sthāne sthāneṣu) — in different places; here and there
    यानि सथानान्यश्विना दधाथे दिवो यह्वीष्वोषधीषु विक्षु |
    नि पर्वतस्य मूर्धनि सदन्तेषं जनाय दाशुषेवहन्ता ||
    चनिष्टं देवा ओषधीष्वप्सु यद योग्या अश्नवैथे रषीणाम |
    yāni sthānānyaśvinā dadhāthe divo yahvīṣvoṣadhīṣu vikṣu |
    ni parvatasya mūrdhani sadanteṣaṃ janāya dāśuṣevahantā ||
    caniṣṭaṃ devā oṣadhīṣvapsu yad yoghyā aśnavaithe ṛṣīṇām |
    Whatever dwellings ye possess, O Aśvins, in fields of men or in the streams of heaven,
    Resting upon the summit of the mountain, or bringing food to him who gives oblation,
    Delight yourselves, ye Gods, in plants and waters when Ṛṣis give them and ye find they suit You.
  11. place or room, stead
    स्थाने (sthā́ne) (with genitive or at the end of compound) — in place of, instead of, in lieu of
    रिपुस्थानेवर्तते (ripu-sthāne-√vṛt) — to act in the place of an enemy
    विलोचनस्थ्āनगत (vilocana-sthāna-gata) — acting the part of eyes
  12. (at the end of a compound) "taking the place of", "acting as", "representing" or "represented by"
    पितृस्थान (pitṛ́-sthāna)acting as a father; represented by a father
    इयङुवङ्स्थान (iyaṅ-uvaṅ-sthāna) — represented by 'iy' or 'uv'' (as ī and ū, Pāṇini 1-4, 4)
  13. in Pāṇini's grammar the genitive case is often used alone, when the word sthāne has to be supplied:
    हन्तेर् जः (hanter jaḥ) (ja) is to be substituted in place of हन् (han)
  14. place for, receptacle of (+ genitive)
  15. proper or right place
    स्थाने (sthā́ne)in the right place or at the right time, seasonably, justly
  16. province, region, domain, sphere (of gods or virtuous men; said to be in one of three places, namely "earth" or "atmosphere" or "heaven"; according to some that of virtuous Brahmins is called प्राजापत्य (prājāpatya); of Kshatriyas, ऐन्द्र (aindra); of Vaishyas, मारुत (māruta); of Shudras, गान्धर्व (gāndharva))
  17. the main support or strength or chief constituent of a kingdom (said to be four, namely "army", "treasury", "city", "territory")
  18. a stronghold, fortress
  19. the place or organ of utterance of any sound (said to be 8 in number, namely कण्ठ (kaṇṭha, throat); तालु (tālu, palate); मूर्धन् (mūrdhan, top of palate); दन्त (danta, teeth); ओष्ठ (oṣṭha, lips); कण्ठतालु (kaṇṭha-tālu, throat and palate); कण्ठोष्ठ (kaṇṭh-oṣṭha, throat and lips); दन्तोष्ठ (dant-oṣṭha, teeth and lips); to which are added नासिका (nāsikā, nose), said to be the place of utterance of true anusvāra, and उरस् (uras, chest), of visarga)
  20. any organ of sense (e.g. the eye)
  21. the pitch or key of the voice, note, tone (of which according to Rigveda-Pratishakhya there are three (see मन्द्र (mandra)), or according to Taittirīya-Pratishakya, seven)
    वीना च्युता स्थानात् (vīnā cyutā sthānāt) — a lute out of tune
  22. shape, form, appearance (as of the moon)
  23. the part or character of an actor
  24. case, occurrence
    नेदं स्थानं विद्यते (ne-daṃ sthānaṃ vidyate) — this case does not occur
  25. occasion, opportunity for (genitive or compound)
    स्थाने (sthāne)occasionally
  26. cause or object of (genitive or compound)
    शुल्कस्थान (śulka-sthāna)an object of toll
    पूजास्थान (pūjā-sthāna), मान्यस्थान (mānya-sthāna)an object of honour; also applied to persons
    स्थाने (sthāne)because of, on account of
  27. a section or division (e.g. of medicine)
  28. (astrology) a mansion or its subdivision
  29. = कार्योत्सर्ग (kāryo-tsarga)
  30. an open place in a town, plain, square
  31. a holy place
  32. an altar
  33. name of a Gandharva king

Declension edit

Neuter a-stem declension of स्थान (sthā́na)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative स्थानम्
sthā́nam
स्थाने
sthā́ne
स्थानानि / स्थाना¹
sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Vocative स्थान
sthā́na
स्थाने
sthā́ne
स्थानानि / स्थाना¹
sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Accusative स्थानम्
sthā́nam
स्थाने
sthā́ne
स्थानानि / स्थाना¹
sthā́nāni / sthā́nā¹
Instrumental स्थानेन
sthā́nena
स्थानाभ्याम्
sthā́nābhyām
स्थानैः / स्थानेभिः¹
sthā́naiḥ / sthā́nebhiḥ¹
Dative स्थानाय
sthā́nāya
स्थानाभ्याम्
sthā́nābhyām
स्थानेभ्यः
sthā́nebhyaḥ
Ablative स्थानात्
sthā́nāt
स्थानाभ्याम्
sthā́nābhyām
स्थानेभ्यः
sthā́nebhyaḥ
Genitive स्थानस्य
sthā́nasya
स्थानयोः
sthā́nayoḥ
स्थानानाम्
sthā́nānām
Locative स्थाने
sthā́ne
स्थानयोः
sthā́nayoḥ
स्थानेषु
sthā́neṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit