bak
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
bak
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Adverb edit
bak (not comparable)
- (text messaging) Abbreviation of back.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
bak (plural baks)
Anagrams edit
Acehnese edit
Noun edit
bak
- trunk (of a tree)
References edit
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
Afrikaans edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch bak, from French bac.
Noun edit
bak (plural bakke, diminutive bakkie)
Etymology 2 edit
From Dutch bakken, from Middle Dutch backen.
Verb edit
bak (present bak, present participle bakkende, past participle gebak)
Albanian edit
Etymology edit
Either a variant of bark, or from Proto-Albanian *bauka, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōw (“to blow, swell”), close to Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, body”), Dutch buik (“belly”), German Bauch (“belly, stomach”), Swedish buk (“belly, abdomen”).
Noun edit
bak m (plural baqe, definite baku, definite plural baqet)
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Balinese edit
Romanization edit
bak
- Romanization of ᬩᬓ᭄
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)
- container, such as a box, a crate, a tray or a tub
- Synonym: krat
- (informal, usually in the plural) a large amount, lots
- Het regent bakken met water.
- It's raining lots of water.
- (Netherlands) drinking vessel, usually a cup or mug
- (informal, Netherlands, Belgium, Bargoens) the slammer, jail, prison
- Synonyms: bajes, gevangenis, lik, nor
- (colloquial) a vehicle, a car
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: bak
- Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi
- Negerhollands: bak
- → Caribbean Hindustani: báki
- → Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag
- → Indonesian: bak, baki
- → Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ (bak)
- → Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)
- → Sranan Tongo: baki
- → Caribbean Javanese: baki
Etymology 2 edit
From versnellingsbak, from etymology 1.
Noun edit
bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)
- Short for versnellingsbak.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Noun edit
bak m (uncountable)
- The act of baking (food).
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
bak
- inflection of bakken:
Etymology 4 edit
From Middle Dutch *bak, bake, baec (“meat from the back of a pig”), from Old Dutch *bak (“back, rear”), from Proto-Germanic *baką. Cognate with English back, Icelandic bak. Etymologically related to bakboord and achterbaks.
Noun edit
bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)
Etymology 5 edit
Noun edit
bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Noun edit
bak n (genitive singular baks, plural bøk)
Declension edit
Declension of bak | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
n5 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | bak | bakið | bøk | bøkini |
accusative | bak | bakið | bøk | bøkini |
dative | baki | bakinum | bøkum | bøkunum |
genitive | baks | baksins | baka | bakanna |
See also edit
Garo edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Postposition edit
bak
Haitian Creole edit
Etymology edit
From French barque (“small boat”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
References edit
- Targète, Jean and Urciolo, Raphael G. Haitian Creole-English dictionary (1993; →ISBN)
Hokkien edit
For pronunciation and definitions of bak – see 沐 (“to stain”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 沐). |
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak (plural bakok)
- buck (a male goat, or the male of other small ruminants, such as the chamois or roe)
- 1981, Gyula Viga, “Az állatok, a tartás technikája”, in Népi kecsketartás Magyarországon[1]:
- Bakot főként a pásztorok tartottak, általában 40-50 jerkére egyet.
- Bucks were mostly kept by herders, usually one for every 40-50 does.
- (historical) box seat, box (driver’s seat on a horse-drawn carriage or cart)
- trestle, sawhorse (support, usually made of wooden beams, with a pair of divergent legs at each end)
- 2007, István Balogh, “Törökkávé”, in Szilveszter Szilveszter[2]:
- Az öreg ladikot fenékkel fölfelé két bakra állítják.
- The old punt is placed bottom up on two trestles.
- drawing horse, donkey bench (short bench for art students, with a raised end used to prop up a drawing board)
- 2010, Katalin Vámosi, “Mazsaroff Miklós életének főbb mozzanatai”, in Mazsaroff Miklós 1929–1997: A természet igézetében[3]:
- A mester teraszán rajzoltunk a nemrégiben beszerzett néhány bakon.
- We used to draw on the master’s terrace on a couple of recently acquired drawing horses.
- (in set phrases) boost, leg up (cupping one’s hands so as to form a step for someone who is attempting to climb)
- 2009, László Béres, “Utca így még nem várt karácsonyt”, in Petőfi Népe[4], volume 64, number 3:
- Ugyan már, bakot tart, én kimászok, leadom a létrát és mindketten kint vagyunk a gödörből.
- Oh come on, you give me a leg up, I climb out, lower the ladder, and we’re both out of the pit.
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | bak | bakok |
accusative | bakot | bakokat |
dative | baknak | bakoknak |
instrumental | bakkal | bakokkal |
causal-final | bakért | bakokért |
translative | bakká | bakokká |
terminative | bakig | bakokig |
essive-formal | bakként | bakokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | bakban | bakokban |
superessive | bakon | bakokon |
adessive | baknál | bakoknál |
illative | bakba | bakokba |
sublative | bakra | bakokra |
allative | bakhoz | bakokhoz |
elative | bakból | bakokból |
delative | bakról | bakokról |
ablative | baktól | bakoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
baké | bakoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
bakéi | bakokéi |
Possessive forms of bak | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | bakom | bakjaim |
2nd person sing. | bakod | bakjaid |
3rd person sing. | bakja | bakjai |
1st person plural | bakunk | bakjaink |
2nd person plural | bakotok | bakjaitok |
3rd person plural | bakjuk | bakjaik |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- bak in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- bak in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak n (genitive singular baks, nominative plural bök)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
bak
- preposition to denote comparison.
- kedua anak muda itu wajahnya mirip, bak pinang dibelah dua
Etymology 2 edit
From Dutch bak (“container, vessel”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
Compounds edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Hokkien 墨 (ba̍k, “ink; Chinese ink”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
Etymology 4 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
Further reading edit
- “bak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Jamaican Creole edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
bak
- back
- 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, 2 Korintiyan 6:12:
- Wi naa uol bak wi lov fi unu bot unu a uol bak fi unu lov fi wi.
- We don't hold back our love for you but you hold back your love for us.
Noun edit
bak (plural bak dem, quantified bak)
- back (of the body)
- Mi bak de hat mi.
- My back is hurting.
Further reading edit
- bak at majstro.com
Javanese edit
Romanization edit
bak
- Romanization of ꦧꦏ꧀
Luxembourgish edit
Verb edit
bak
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old English bæc, from Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak (plural bakkes)
- The back, hind, or rear of a being's body:
- c. 1300, Havelok, Havelok the Dane
- Summe putten with gleyue in bac and side, And yeuen wundes longe and wide.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (figurative) What a person or creature carries or takes with themself/itself.
- (rare) The parts of a person which aren't visible to themself.
- c. 1300, Havelok, Havelok the Dane
- The back, of something more generally; the non-facing side.
- The vertebrae or spine; the bone holding up the back.
- (rare) The extremities, margin or boundary of something.
- (rare) The fur or hide of an animal (removed from an animal)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
See also edit
References edit
- “bak, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-09-12.
Etymology 2 edit
From abak.
Alternative forms edit
Adverb edit
bak
Descendants edit
References edit
- “bak, adv. (& adj.).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 3 edit
A shortening of Old Swedish nattbakka.
Noun edit
bak (plural bakkes)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
bak
- at the back, behind
- bak fram - back to front
- for langt bak - too far back / behind
Preposition edit
bak
- behind
- bak kulissene - behind the scenes
Noun edit
bak m (definite singular baken, indefinite plural baker, definite plural bakene)
bak n (definite singular baket, indefinite plural bak, definite plural baka or bakene)
- (anatomy) behind, bottom, backside
- et spark bak - a kick in / up the backside (etc.)
- back, rear, seat (of trousers)
- buttocks
Derived terms edit
- bakbein
- bakben
- bakbord
- bakdel
- bakdør
- bakende
- bakevje
- bakfjel
- bakfjøl
- bakfot
- bakfra
- bakgard
- bakgate
- bakgrunn
- bakgård
- bakhand
- bakhjul
- bakhode
- bakhold
- bakhun
- bakhånd
- bakklok
- bakkropp
- baklader
- bakladning
- baklampe
- baklekse
- baklem
- baklengs
- bakli
- baklomme
- bakluke
- baklur
- baklykt
- baklys
- bakmann
- bakmeis
- bakol
- bakole
- bakom
- bakover
- bakpart
- bakparti
- bakre
- bakrom
- baksele
- baksete
- bakside
- bakskott
- bakskut
- bakslag
- baksmekk
- baksmell
- baksnakk
- baksnakke
- bakspeller
- bakspiller
- bakstrev
- bakstrever
- bakstuss
- baktale
- baktalelse
- baktanke
- bakteppe
- baktil
- baktropp
- baktung
- bakut
- bakvaske
- bakveg
- bakvei
- buksebak
- handbak
- håndbak
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
bak
- imperative of bake
References edit
- “bak” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
bak
- at the back, behind
- bak fram - back to front
- for langt bak - too far back / behind
Preposition edit
bak
- behind
- bak kulissane - behind the scenes
Noun edit
bak m (definite singular baken, indefinite plural bakar, definite plural bakane)
bak n (definite singular baket, indefinite plural bak, definite plural baka)
- (anatomy) behind, bottom, backside
- eit spark bak - a kick in / up the backside (etc.)
- back, rear, seat (of trousers)
Derived terms edit
- bakbein
- bakbord
- bakdel
- bakdør
- bakende
- bakevje
- bakfjøl
- bakfot
- bakgard
- bakgate
- bakgrunn
- bakhald
- bakhall
- bakhand
- bakhjul
- bakhon
- bakhovud
- bakhun
- bakklok
- bakkropp
- bakladar
- baklading
- baklampe
- bakleies
- baklekse
- baklem
- baklengs
- bakli
- bakljos
- baklomme
- bakluke
- baklur
- baklykt
- baklys
- bakmann
- bakmeis
- bakol
- bakom
- bakore
- bakover
- bakpart
- bakparti
- bakre
- bakrom
- baksele
- baksete
- bakside
- bakskott
- bakskut
- bakslag
- baksmell
- baksmikk
- baksnakk
- baksnakka
- baksnakke
- bakspelar
- bakstrev
- bakstrevar
- bakstuss
- baktale
- baktanke
- bakteppe
- baktil
- baktropp
- baktung
- bakut
- bakvaske
- bakveg
- buksebak
- handbak
References edit
- “bak” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Polish edit
Etymology edit
Deverbal from bakać. First attested in 1448–1450.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak m animacy unattested
- shout, yell
- Synonym: bakliwość
- 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 9:
- Paan, sz bakem a s gwalthowym ghelkem przydancz do sandv (dominus cum clamore et violento strepitu ad iudicium veniens), wyną pyancznadzescza ma bicz skaran
- [Pan z bakiem a z gwałtowym giełkiem przydąc do sądu (dominus cum clamore et violento strepitu ad iudicium veniens), winą pięćnadzieścia ma być skaran]
Related terms edit
References edit
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “bak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Old Saxon edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak n
- back (body part)
- back (rear part of something)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | bak | baku |
accusative | bak | baku |
genitive | bakes | bakō |
dative | bake | bakum |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants edit
Phalura edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
bak (Perso-Arabic spelling بک)
- Co-lexicalized intensifier
References edit
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Russian бак (bak), from Dutch bak or German Back or English back.
Noun edit
bak m inan
Declension edit
tankful:
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from German Backenbart.
Noun edit
bak m inan (diminutive baczek)
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
bak f
Further reading edit
- bak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- bak in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- M. Arcta Słownik Staropolski/Bak on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource pl
Sahu edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
References edit
- Leontine Visser, Clemens Voorhoeve (1987) Sahu-Indonesian-English Dictionary, Brill
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Swedish baker, from Old Norse bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką. Related to English back.
Adverb edit
bak (not comparable)
Antonyms edit
Related terms edit
Preposition edit
bak
Noun edit
bak c
Declension edit
Declension of bak | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | bak | baken | bakar | bakarna |
Genitive | baks | bakens | bakars | bakarnas |
Noun edit
bak n
- baking
- Inget doftar som mors bak.
- Nothing smells like mom's baking.
Declension edit
Declension of bak | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | bak | baket | bak | baken |
Genitive | baks | bakets | baks | bakens |
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
bak (present bak, preterite bak, supine bak, imperative bak)
References edit
Turkish edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
bak
Descendants edit
- → Swedish: bakk
Tzeltal edit
Noun edit
bak
Tzotzil edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bak
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Laughlin, Robert M. (1975) The Great Tzotzil Dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Yola edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English bak.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
bak
- back
- 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:
- A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,
- The piper fell back like one well smitten,
References edit
- Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133
Zhuang edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /paːk˧˥/
- Tone numbers: bak7
- Hyphenation: bak
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Tai *paːkᴰ (“mouth”). Cognate with Thai ปาก (bpàak), Northern Thai ᨸᩣ᩠ᨠ, Lao ປາກ (pāk), Shan ပၢၵ်ႇ (pàak), Ahom 𑜆𑜀𑜫 (pak), Saek ป̄าก. Compare Southern Kam bags (“mouth”), Proto-Be *ɓaːkᴰ¹ (“mouth”) (whence ɓak⁷ in modern lects). Compare also Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *baqbaq (whence Cebuano baba, Eastern Cham ꨚꨝꩍ (pabah), Hawaiian vaha).
Noun edit
bak (Sawndip forms 咟 or 㕷 or 北 or 𫩡 or 拍 or 剥 or 𠺣 or 吧, 1957–1982 spelling bak)
- mouth
- entrance; opening
- account of or response to a particular issue
- cutting edge of a tool
- stitch; distance between stitches
Etymology 2 edit
Numeral edit
bak (1957–1982 spelling bak)