til
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle English til, from Old English til (“to, until”), possibly from Old Norse til, both from Proto-Germanic *tilą (“goal”), or Proto-Germanic *til (“to, towards”). Compare to Old Frisian til.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
til
- (colloquial) until, till
Preposition edit
til
- (colloquial) until, till
- 2004 Nov, Harper, Gary W., Gannon, Christine, Watson, Susan E., Catania, Joseph A., and Dolcini, M. Margaret, “The Role of Close Friends in African American Adolescents' Dating and Sexual Behavior”, in Journal of Sex Research, volume 41, number 4, pages 351–362:
- I just don't know how to just come out in the blue and say it, so I just wait til it comes up...
- 2008 Winter, Michael Copperman, “Gone”, in Arkansas Review, volume 39, number 3, Arkansas State University, pages 139–145:
- Let him wander round and kids gone meddle him til he get to fighting again.
- 2010 May, James Parker, “Revenge of the Wimps”, in The Atlantic Monthly[1], volume 305, number 4, page 38:
- EVEN IF YOU MAKE ME WRITE IN THIS EVERY DAY TIL THEY LET ME OUT OF HERE
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Hindi तिल (til, “sesame”).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
til (plural tils)
- Sesame (plant: Sesamum indicum)
- Any of species Ocotea foetens in family Lauraceae, native to Madeira and the Canary Islands.
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Turkic *til.
Noun edit
til (accusative tilni, plural tiller)
Declension edit
References edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tilą (“goal”), cognate with Swedish till (“to”), English till, German Ziel n (“goal”). The preposition has arisen from an adverbial use of the noun, lit. "(with) the goal of something". In Old Norse, the preposition governs the genitive, a usage which is preserved in certain fixed phrases in Danish.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
- to, towards (the direction or goal of a physical movement)
- towards (the way a thing is turned)
- to, until (the upper limit)
- Fra 12 til 18 år.
- From 12 to 18 years.
- for (the purpose or the beneficiary)
- Jeg har en gave til dig.
- I have a gift for you.
- into, interested in (especially sexually)
- Beklager, jeg er kun til kvinder.
- Sorry, I'm only into women.
- Er du til analsex?
- Are you into anal sex?
- at (at a certain point in time, with certain nouns)
- De var samlet hele familien til jul.
- The whole family was gathered at Christmas.
- by (not later than)
- Den er færdig til (på) torsdag.
- It is ready by Thursday.
- (together) with (e.g., accompanying food)
- De drak vin til maden
- They were drinking wine with their food.
- on, by (the means of transportation)
- (in personal names) of (a nobiliary particle denoting residence)
- Jacob Enevoldsen Seefeld til Visborg og Sostrup
- Jacob Enevoldsen [lit. Enevold’s-son] Seefeld of Visborg and Sostrup
Usage notes edit
- The preposition governed the genitive in Old Norse and Old Danish. This usage is preserved in several fixed phrases (always with the noun in the indefinite singular):
Derived terms edit
- In many phrases, the noun ends in -e, which is either 1) an old genitive plural (Old Norse -a), 2) an old genitive singular in a different declension (Old Norse -ar), or 3) an old dative singular (Old Norse -i), analogically after other case relict phrases:
Adverb edit
til
- more, additional, another
- Giv mig en kage til.
- Give me another cake.
- to, having as a destination
- Gå hen til huset.
- Go to the house.
- such that something is caused to be in a fitting state
- 2015, Christine Proksch, Turen Går Til Wien, Politikens Forlag, →ISBN:
- Kalkstenen smuldrer og skal erstattes, og uafbrudt skyder stilladser i vejret, så der kan slibes til og skiftes ud.
- The limestone crumbles and must be replaced, and scaffolds pop up unceasingly, so that grinding and replacing can take place.
- 2008, Selvstyrende team - ledelse og organisation, Samfundslitteratur, →ISBN, page 35:
- Det betyder, at personligheden skal slibes til, sådan at den passer optimalt ind i den konkrete jobprofil, hvilket sker på bekostning af det personlige udtryk.
- This means that personality must be ground down, such that it fits optimally into the job profile in question, which happens at the cost of personal expression.
- such that some pathway or cavity is blocked
- Kloakken er stoppet til.
- The sewer is blocked.
- with force
- Tryk til!
- Push forcefully!
Conjunction edit
til
References edit
- “til” in Den Danske Ordbog
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
til f (plural tillen, diminutive tilletje n)
- dovecote
- Synonyms: duiventil, columbarium, duivenhuis
- (dialectal) bridge (typically a small wooden bridge made of planks)
- (dated) cage trap (for catching birds)
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
til
- inflection of tillen:
Dutch Low Saxon edit
Noun edit
til
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tila- (“goal”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near, at”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
Derived terms edit
Conjunction edit
til
Gothic edit
Romanization edit
til
- Romanization of 𐍄𐌹𐌻
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tila- (“goal”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near, at”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
- (governs the genitive) to, towards
- Ég fer til Japans.
- I'm going to Japan.
- Ég er með bréf til þín.
- I have a letter [addressed] to you.
Derived terms edit
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
Derived terms edit
- til rivido! (“goodbye! (lit., until the re-seeing!”)
Interjection edit
til
- Short for til rivido (“goodbye”).
Karakalpak edit
Etymology edit
From *til (“tongue; language”). Cognate with Turkish and Azerbaijani dil.
Noun edit
til
Khalaj edit
Perso-Arabic | تیل |
---|
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *til (“language”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Mansûrâbâdî) IPA(key): [tiˑl]
- (Talxâbî) IPA(key): [til]
- (Xaltâbâdî) IPA(key): [c̟ɪl]
- (Xarrâbî) IPA(key): [tɪ(ˑ)l]
Noun edit
til (definite accusative tilü, plural tillər)
Declension edit
References edit
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1971) Khalaj Materials, Indiana University, →ISBN
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1980) Wörterbuch des Chaladsch (Dialekt von Charrab) [Khalaj dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó
Marshallese edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Micronesian *sulu, from Proto-Oceanic *suluq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *suluq. Cognate with Cebuano sulo, Tagalog sulo, Malay suluh, Palauan tuich.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
til
References edit
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English til (“to, until”), possibly from Old Norse til, both from Proto-Germanic *tila- (“goal”), or Proto-Germanic *til (“to, towards”). Cognate with Old Norse til, Old Frisian til.
Pronunciation edit
Conjunction edit
til
- until, till
- a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Man of Law's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 788–791:
- […] And pleſed hym in al that ever ſhe myghte.
He drank, and wel his girdel underpighte;
He ſlepeth, and he fnorteth in his gyſe
Al nyght, til the ſonne gan aryſe.- […] and she pleased him with everything she possibly could.
He drank, and his belt became stuffed well;
he slept, and snorted like he usually did
throughout the night, until the sun arose.
- […] and she pleased him with everything she possibly could.
Descendants edit
References edit
- “til, conj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Preposition edit
til
- until, till
- a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Ezechiel 1:27”, in Wycliffe's Bible:
- And Y ſiȝ as a licneſſe of electre, as the biholding of fier with ynne, bi the cumpas therof; fro the lendis of hym and aboue, and fro þe lendis of him til to bynethe, Y siȝ as the licneſſe of fier ſchynynge in cumpas, […]
- And I saw something like amber, which had something fire spread around within it. From above his torso and his torso up to the bottom (of him), I saw something like fire shining around him, […]
- (with "to") as far as; down to; up to, until
- Synonym: vntil
- a. 1382, John Wycliffe, “Ezechiel 40:14-15”, in Wycliffe's Bible:
- […] and bifore the face of the ȝate that laſtid til to the face of the porche of the ynner ȝate, he mad fifti cubitis.
- And from in front of the gate's front up to the porch of the inner gate, he measured fifty cubits.
Alternative forms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “til, prep.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Adverb edit
til
References edit
- “til, adv.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Miraya Bikol edit
Noun edit
til
Northern Kurdish edit
Noun edit
til f
- finger (the extremity of the hand)
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tila- (“goal”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
- to (indicating range, direction or destination)
- fra mandag til fredag
- from Monday to Friday
- fra Oslo til Bergen
- from Oslo to Bergen
- at or on (indicating position or location relative to another reference point)
- Det er til høyre.
- It's on the right.
- for (used to indicate purpose or suitability)
- Har du nye klær til intervjuet?
- Do you have new clothes for the interview?
- to (in idiomatic expressions)
- Lykke til!
- Good luck! (lit. "luck to [you]")
Adverb edit
til
- another, more, in addition, further
- En kaffe til, takk.
- Another coffee, please.
- Bare tre til!
- Just three more!
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “til” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tila- (“goal”), from Proto-Indo-European *ád (“near, at”).
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
til
- to (indicating destination)
- Dei er på veg til fylkesgrensa.
- They are on their way to the county border.
- for
- Denne presangen er til deg.
- This present is for you.
- of (indicating possession)
- Han er faren til guten.
- He is the father of the boy.
- until
- Me køyrde til me kom fram.
- We drove until we got there.
Adverb edit
til
- another, one more
- Eg tek eit kakestykke til.
- I'll take another piece of cake.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “til” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Germanic *tila-, whence also Old Frisian til, Old High German zil (German Ziel), Old Norse tilr, Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌻 (til).
Adjective edit
til
- good (morally good; competent; useful, etc.)
- Til sceal mid tilum.
- The good shall be with the good.
Declension edit
Noun edit
til n (nominative plural tilas)
- use, service, convenience
- Gewritu secgaþ ðæt seó wiht sý mid moncynne miclum ticlum sweotol and gesýne, sundorcræft hafaþ.
- Writings say that those beings were to mankind of great service; they clearly and obviously had special powers.
- goodness, kindness
- Me on ðínum tile gelǽr ðæt ic teala cunne ðín sóðfæst weorc healdan.
- Thy goodness teaches me that I should maintain your righteous work.
Etymology 2 edit
Possibly from Old Norse til[1] though the OED has it as "Germanic" and related to Old Norse til and to Old Frisian til[2]
Alternative forms edit
- ᛏᛁᛚ (til) — Ruthwell Cross
Preposition edit
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til
- to, until, unto
- Ðá cueð til him ðe Hǽlend
- Then Jesus said unto them,
- c. 800, Ruthwell Cross:
- ᛣᚱᛁᛋᛏᚹᚫᛋᚩᚾᚱᚩᛞᛁᚻᚹᛖᚦᚱᚫᚦᛖᚱᚠᚢᛋᚫᚠᛠᚱᚱᚪᚾᛣᚹᚩᛗᚢᚫᚦᚦᛁᛚᚫᛏᛁᛚᚪᚾᚢᛗ
- Krist wæs on rōdi, hweþræ þēr fūsæ fearran kwōmu æþþilæ til ānum.
- Christ was on the cross, yet there in haste from afar came noble men unto him.
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “till”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 1884–1928, and First Supplement, 1933.
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *tilą (“goal”). Cognate with Old English til, Old Frisian til, German Ziel n (“goal”). The preposition has arisen from an adverbial use of the noun, lit. "(with) the goal of something"; this is also the reason it takes the genitive.
Preposition edit
til
Descendants edit
References edit
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “till”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “til”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “til” in: Richard Cleasby, Guðbrandur Vigfússon — An Icelandic-English Dictionary (1874)
Portuguese edit
Examples |
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não (“no”), cão (“dog”), chão (“floor”), pão (“bread”), mão (“hand”), perdão (“pardon”), limão (“lemon”), irmão (“brother”), irmã (“sister”), pinhão (“pine seed”), algodão (“cotton”), corações (“hearts”), manhã (“morning”), Guimarães, Camões |
Etymology edit
From Old Occitan tille, from Latin titulus. Doublet of título.
Pronunciation edit
- Homophone: tio (Brazil, ignoring syllable breaks)
- Rhymes: (Portugal) -il, (Brazil) -iw
- Hyphenation: til
Noun edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
See till.
Preposition edit
til
- Archaic form of till.
- 1611, Johannes Messenius, Disa[3], page 1:
- W Arer alle wälkomne til Vbsala by /
Och så til thenna Comoedia ny /- We are all welcome to Uppsala village /
And so to this new comedy /
- We are all welcome to Uppsala village /
- 1759–1780, Hans Gustaf Rålamb, En Swensk Adelsmans Äfwentyr (2001)[4], page 90:
- Då jag war tolf år, fölgde jag min Farbror första gången til Sjöß på en expedition til America: […]
- When I was twelve years old, I accompanied my Uncle at Sea for the first time on an expedition to America: […]
Uzbek edit
Other scripts | |
---|---|
Cyrillic | тил (til) |
Latin | til |
Perso-Arabic |
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *til.
Noun edit
til (plural tillar)
Declension edit
West Albay Bikol edit
Noun edit
til