див

Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dif]

• Audio:

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Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *divъ (“wild”).

Adjective

див • (div)

1. wild, untamed

   Synonyms: (dialectal) дик (dik), необузда́н (neobuzdán)

   Antonym: пи́томен (pítomen)

   ди́во живо́тно ― dívo živótno ― wild animal

   ди́ва коко́шка ― díva kokóška ― partridge (literally, “wild hen”)

   див кон ― div kon ― mustang (literally, “wild horse”)

   ди́во расте́ние ― dívo rasténie ― wild plant

   див лук, див че́сън ― div luk, div čésǎn ― ramsons (literally, “wild leek, wild garlic”)

   див о́рех ― div óreh ― ailanthus (literally, “wild chesnut”)

   див бъз ― div bǎz ― danewort (literally, “wild elderberry”)

   Ди́вия за́пад ― Dívija západ ― (the) Wild west

   Ди́вата приро́да ― Dívata priróda ― (the) Wild nature

2. animalistic

   Synonym: животи́нски (životínski)

   див инсти́нкт ― div instínkt ― animal-like instinct

3. (figurative) savage, barbaric, uncivilized

   Synonyms: свиреп (svirep), подивял (podivjal)

   ди́во пле́ме ― dívo pléme ― uncivilized tribe

4. (abstract) primitive, inchoate, wild and woolly
5. (abstract) pristine, unspoiled by humans

   ди́ви поля́ ― dívi poljá ― pristine fields

   ди́ви гори́ ― dívi gorí ― pristine forests

Declension

Positive forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	див div	ди́ва díva	ди́во dívo	ди́ви dívi
definite (subject form)	ди́вият dívijat	ди́вата dívata	ди́вото dívoto	ди́вите dívite
definite (object form)	ди́вия dívija

Comparative forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	по́-ди́в pó-dív	по́-ди́ва pó-díva	по́-ди́во pó-dívo	по́-ди́ви pó-dívi
definite (subject form)	по́-ди́вият pó-dívijat	по́-ди́вата pó-dívata	по́-ди́вото pó-dívoto	по́-ди́вите pó-dívite
definite (object form)	по́-ди́вия pó-dívija

Superlative forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	на́й-ди́в náj-dív	на́й-ди́ва náj-díva	на́й-ди́во náj-dívo	на́й-ди́ви náj-dívi
definite (subject form)	на́й-ди́вият náj-dívijat	на́й-ди́вата náj-dívata	на́й-ди́вото náj-dívoto	на́й-ди́вите náj-dívite
definite (object form)	на́й-ди́вия náj-dívija

Derived terms

• диве́я (divéja, “to run wild”)
• дивота́ (divotá), дивоти́я (divotíja, “wildness”)
  • дивоти́на (divotína, “wildstock”) (dialectal)
  • дивоте́я (divotéja, “to behave in a wild way”) (dialectal)
• ди́вина (dívina, “wilderness, wild plant”)
• диви́зна (divízna, “mullein”) (dialectal)
• дива́к m (divák), дива́чка f (diváčka), диваки́ня f (divakínja, “barbarian”)
  • дива́щина (diváština, “barbaric, animal-like behavior”)
  • диваку́лка (divakúlka, “fruit of wild plant”) (dialectal)
• ди́веч (díveč, “wildstock”)
• ди́вяк (dívjak, “recluse livestock”) (dialectal)
• дивя́к (divják, “recluse person”) (dialectal)

References

• “див”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “див”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “див¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 381

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Per BER, native, perhaps inherited from Proto-Slavic *divъ (“some kind of evil spirit”) of further etymology unclear. Cognate with Old East Slavic дивъ (divŭ, “spirit”).

Noun

див • (div) m (feminine ди́ва or диви́ня)

1. (dialectal, mythology) evil spirit, monster

Declension

Declension of див

	singular	plural
indefinite	див div	ди́вове dívove
definite (subject form)	ди́вът dívǎt	ди́вовете dívovete
definite (object form)	ди́ва díva
count form	—	ди́ва díva
vocative form	ди́ве díve	ди́вове dívove

References

• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “див²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 384

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیو (div, “demon; giant”), of Iranian origin. Compare Serbo-Croatian ди̏в (“giant”). First attested in the 15 century.

Noun

див • (div) m

1. (dialectal, folklore) Alternative form of дев (dev, “demihuman”) (folklore personage with extraordinary capabilities, attested in tales and legends) (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

Usage notes

In modern folklore, there is no strict distinction between Etymology 2 and Etymology 3.

Declension

Declension of див

	singular	plural
indefinite	див div	ди́вове dívove
definite (subject form)	ди́вът dívǎt	ди́вовете dívovete
definite (object form)	ди́ва díva
count form	—	ди́ва díva
vocative form	ди́ве díve	ди́вове dívove

References

• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1908) “*девъ и дивъ”, in Допълнение на българския рѣчникъ [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎^[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Plovdiv: Печатница "Трудъ" на Петко Бѣловѣждовъ, page 88

Anagrams

• вид (vid)

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *divъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dif]
• Rhymes: -if

Adjective

див • (div) (comparative подив, superlative најдив, abstract noun дивина)

1. wild, untamed

   диво животно ― divo životno ― wild animal

2. animalistic, wild
3. deserted (place)
4. savage, barbaric, uncivilized

   Synonym: свиреп (svirep)

   диво племе ― divo pleme ― uncivilized tribe

5. strange, weird, antisocial (for a person)
6. (abstract) primitive, inchoate, wild and woolly
7. (abstract) pristine, unspoiled by humans

   диви гори ― divi gori ― pristine forests

8. illegal

   дива градба ― diva gradba ― illegal building

Declension

Positive forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	див	дива	диво	диви
definite unspecified	дивиот	дивата	дивото	дивите
definite proximal	дивиов	дивава	дивово	дививе
definite distal	дивион	дивана	дивоно	дивине

Comparative forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	подив	подива	подиво	подиви
definite unspecified	подивиот	подивата	подивото	подивите
definite proximal	подивиов	подивава	подивово	подививе
definite distal	подивион	подивана	подивоно	подивине

Superlative forms of див

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
indefinite	најдив	најдива	најдиво	најдиви
definite unspecified	најдивиот	најдивата	најдивото	најдивите
definite proximal	најдивиов	најдивава	најдивово	најдививе
definite distal	најдивион	најдивана	најдивоно	најдивине

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dʲif]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *divъ (“evil spirit”)

Noun

див • (div) m anim (genitive ди́ва, nominative plural ди́вы, genitive plural ди́вов)

1. (mythology, folklore) demon, harbinger of misfortune

   Synonym: дэв (dɛv)

Declension

Declension of див (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ди́в dív	ди́вы dívy
genitive	ди́ва díva	ди́вов dívov
dative	ди́ву dívu	ди́вам dívam
accusative	ди́ва díva	ди́вов dívov
instrumental	ди́вом dívom	ди́вами dívami
prepositional	ди́ве díve	ди́вах dívax

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “див”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

Noun

див • (div) n inan pl

1. genitive plural of ди́во (dívo)

Etymology 3

Noun

див • (div) f anim pl

1. genitive/accusative plural of ди́ва (díva)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دیو (div), from Persian دیو (div), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dîʋ/

Noun

ди̏в m (Latin spelling dȉv)

1. giant

Declension

Declension of див

	singular	plural
nominative	ди̏в	дѝвови
genitive	дива	дивова
dative	диву	дивовима
accusative	дива	дивове
vocative	диве	дивови
locative	диву	дивовима
instrumental	дивом	дивовима

Derived terms

• дѝвовскӣ

References

• Skok, Petar (1971–1974) “div”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1–4 (A – Ž), Zagreb: JAZU, page 409