Wiktionary

demon

See also: démon, dēmon, dêmon, demön, and Demon

EnglishEdit

For quotations using this term, see Citations:demon.

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
Saint Anthony being tormented by demons in The Torment of Saint Anthony, by Michelangelo (c. 1487).

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English demon, a borrowing from Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn (“lar, familiar spirit, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). Doublet of daimon.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

demon (plural demons)

  1. An evil supernatural spirit.
    1. An evil spirit resident in or working for Hell; a devil. [from 10th c.]
    2. (now chiefly historical) A false god or idol; a Satanic divinity. [from 10th c.]
    3. A very wicked or malevolent person; also (in weakened sense) a mischievous person, especially a child. [from 16th c.]
    4. A source (especially personified) of great evil or wickedness; a destructive feeling or character flaw. [from 17th c.]
      The demon of stupidity haunts me whenever I open my mouth.
    5. (in the plural) A person's fears or anxieties. [from 19th c.]
      • 2013, The Guardian, 21 January:
        After a short spell on an adult psychiatric ward, she decided to find her own way to deal with her demons.
  2. A neutral supernatural spirit.
    1. A person's inner spirit or genius; a guiding or creative impulse. [from 14th c.]
    2. (Greek mythology) A tutelary deity or spirit intermediate between the major Olympian gods and mankind, especially a deified hero or the entity which supposedly guided Socrates, telling him what not to do. [from 16th c.]
    3. A spirit not considered to be inherently evil; a (non-Christian) deity or supernatural being. [from 19th c.]
    4. A hypothetical entity with special abilities postulated for the sake of a thought experiment in philosophy or physics.
      • 1874, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, “Kinetic Theory of the Dissipation of Energy” in Nature 9, 441-444:
        Let the orders now be that each demon is to stop all molecules from crossing his area in either direction except 100 coming from A, arbitrarily chosen to be let pass into B, and a greater number, having among them less energy but equal momentum, to cross from B to A.
  3. Someone with great strength, passion or skill for a particular activity, pursuit etc.; an enthusiast. [from 19th c.]
    He’s a demon at the card tables.
    • 2021 May 29, David Hytner, “Chelsea win Champions League after Kai Havertz stuns Manchester City”, in The Guardian‎[1]:
      Chelsea defended like demons to snuff out Manchester City but this was a perfectly calibrated triumph, built upon a structured attacking approach, choosing the right moments to transition, and illuminated by the smoothness of Havertz’s technique.
  4. (card games) A type of patience or solitaire (card game) played in the UK and/or US. [from 19th c.]
    Coordinate term: Canfield
    • 1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin 2005, page 89:
      ‘That's much the best feeling to have.’ She dealt out the first row of ‘demon’.
  5. Any of various hesperiid butterflies of the genera Notocrypta and Udaspes.

Usage notesEdit

Meanings drawing on the neutral, ancient Greek conception now often distinguish themselves by the variant spellings daimon or daemon.

SynonymsEdit

HyponymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Related terms

TranslationsEdit

tutelary deity — see tutelary deity
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

AnagramsEdit

DutchEdit

 
Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

EtymologyEdit

From Latin daemon (“lar, genius, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈdeː.mɔn/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: de‧mon

NounEdit

demon m (plural demonen or demons)

  1. genius, lar
  2. (uncommon) demon
    Synonyms: demoon, duivel

FinnishEdit

NounEdit

demon

  1. genitive singular of demo

AnagramsEdit

LatinEdit

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

dēmon m

  1. accusative singular of dēmos

Middle EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Medieval Latin dēmōn, daemōn, from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn). Doublet of tyme (“time”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

demon (plural demones)

  1. demon, devil, malicious spirit
  2. (rare) daimon, helpful spirit

DescendantsEdit

  • English: demon

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn).

NounEdit

demon m (definite singular demonen, indefinite plural demoner, definite plural demonene)

  1. a demon

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn).

NounEdit

demon m (definite singular demonen, indefinite plural demonar, definite plural demonane)

  1. a demon

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

Old IrishEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin daemōn, from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn), though the plural seems to be from daemonia, the plural of the diminutive daemonium.[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

demon m (genitive demuin, nominative plural demna)

  1. demon, devil
  2. the Devil
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 9d24
      arna dich cách assa dligud i n-adaltras tri láthar demuin et tri bar nebcongabthetit-si
      lest everyone go out of his duty into adultery through the Devil’s machination and through your incontinence

DeclensionEdit

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative demon, demun demonL, demun demnaL
Vocative demuin demonL, demun demnuH
Accusative demonN, demun demonL, demun demnaiH
Genitive demuinL demon, demun demonN, demun, demneN
Dative demonL, demun demnaib, demnib demnaib, demnib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

DescendantsEdit

MutationEdit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
demon demon
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndemon
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2003), D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 280, page 178

Further readingEdit

PolishEdit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl
 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

EtymologyEdit

Learned borrowing from Latin daemon (“lar, genius, guardian spirit”), from Ancient Greek δαίμων (daímōn, “dispenser, god, protective spirit”). Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English daemon.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

demon m anim

  1. (mythology, religion) demon (evil supernatural spirit)
  3. (computing) daemon (running program that does not have a controlling terminal)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of demon
singular plural
nominative demon demony
genitive demona demonów
dative demonowi demonom
accusative demona demony
instrumental demonem demonami
locative demonie demonach
vocative demonie demony

Derived termsEdit

adjective
adverb
nouns
verbs

Further readingEdit

  • demon in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • demon in Polish dictionaries at PWN

RomanianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

  • dimon (regional, Moldova)

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Greek δαίμονας (daímonas), partly through the intermediate of (South) Slavic *demonь. Compare also Aromanian demun.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

demon m (plural demoni)

  1. demon
  2. (figuratively) a despicable person

DeclensionEdit

Declension of demon
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) demon demonul (niște) demoni demonii
genitive/dative (unui) demon demonului (unor) demoni demonilor
vocative demonule demonilor

SynonymsEdit

AntonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Greek δαίμονας.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /děmoːn/
  • Hyphenation: de‧mon

NounEdit

dèmōn m (Cyrillic spelling дѐмо̄н)

  1. demon

DeclensionEdit

Declension of demon
singular plural
nominative dèmōn demoni
genitive demóna demona
dative demonu demonima
accusative demona demone
vocative demone demoni
locative demonu demonima
instrumental demonom demonima

Derived termsEdit

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=demon&oldid=71749648"