душман

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان‎ (düşman), from Persian دشمن‎ (došman).

Noun

душман • (dušman) m (plural душмани)

1. enemy, fiend (an aggressive one)

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Russian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان‎ (düşman), from Persian دشمن‎ (došman).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [dʊʂˈman]

Noun

душма́н • (dušmán) m anim (genitive душма́на, nominative plural душма́ны, genitive plural душма́нов)

1. (Turkestan, Afghanistan) mujahid, enemy

Declension

Declension of душма́н (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	душма́н dušmán	душма́ны dušmány
genitive	душма́на dušmána	душма́нов dušmánov
dative	душма́ну dušmánu	душма́нам dušmánam
accusative	душма́на dušmána	душма́нов dušmánov
instrumental	душма́ном dušmánom	душма́нами dušmánami
prepositional	душма́не dušmáne	душма́нах dušmánax

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Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

• ду̏шманин

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish دشمان‎ (düşman), from Persian دشمن‎ (došman). Akin to душма̀нлук and ди̑н-ду̏шман.

Pronunciation

• (dùšmān): IPA^(key): /dûʃman/
• (dùšmān): IPA^(key): /dǔʃmaːn/
• Hyphenation: душ‧ман

Noun

ду̏шман m (Latin spelling dȕšman) or ду̀шма̄н m (Latin spelling dùšmān)

1. (expressively) enemy

   Synonym: нѐпријатељ

Declension

Declension of душман

	singular	plural
nominative	душман	душмани
genitive	душмана	душмана
dative	душману	душманима
accusative	душмана	душмане
vocative	душмане	душмани
locative	душману	душманима
instrumental	душманом	душманима

References

• “душман” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• Škaljić, Abdulah (1966) Turcizmi u srpskohrvatskom jeziku, Sarajevo: Svjetlost, page 229

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Tajik

Noun

Dari Persian	دشمن‎
Iranian Persian
Tajik	душман (dušman)

душман • (dušman) (plural душманон)

1. enemy

   Баъд аз 3 соли ҷанг бо душманони дохиливу хориҷӣ болшевикон тавонистанд ҳакимятро дар собиқ Империяи Русия ба даст оранд. ― Baʾd az 3 soli jang bo dušmanoni doxilivu xorijī bolševikon tavonistand hakimyatro dar sobiq Imperiyayi Rusiya ba dast orand. ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Inflection

basic forms of душман

	singular	plural
bare	душман (dušman)	душманон (dušmanon)
izofa	душмани (dušmani)	душманони (dušmanoni)
marked indefinite, relative definite	душмане (dušmane)	—

possessive forms of душман

	singular	plural
1st person singular (my)	душманам (dušmanam)	душманонам (dušmanonam)
2nd person singular (your)	душманат (dušmanat)	душманонат (dušmanonat)
3rd person singular (his/her/its)	душманаш (dušmanaš)	душманонаш (dušmanonaš)
1st person plural (our)	душманамон (dušmanamon)	душманонамон (dušmanonamon)
2nd person plural (your)	душманатон (dušmanaton)	душманонатон (dušmanonaton)
3rd person plural (their)	душманашон (dušmanašon)	душманонашон (dušmanonašon)

Related terms

• душманӣ (dušmanī)