спя

See also: спа

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic съпати (sŭpati), from Proto-Slavic *sъpati, from Proto-Indo-European *swep- (“to sleep”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [spʲɤ̟]

Verb

спя • (spja) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to sleep, to be asleep

   Трябва да спиш по 8 часа на ден.

   Trjabva da spiš po 8 časa na den.

   You should sleep 8 hours a day.

2. (intransitive) to have sex (with)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of спя (irregular, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	спящ spjašt	спал spal	спял spjal	—		спе́йки spéjki
	definite subject form	спя́щият spjáštijat	спа́лият spálijat	—	—
	definite object form	спя́щия spjáštija	спа́лия spálija	—	—
feminine	indefinite	спя́ща spjášta	спа́ла spála	спя́ла spjála	—
	definite	спя́щата spjáštata	спа́лата spálata	—	—
neuter	indefinite	спя́що spjášto	спа́ло spálo	спя́ло spjálo	—	спане́ spané
	definite	спя́щото spjáštoto	спа́лото spáloto	—	—	спане́то spanéto
plural	indefinite	спя́щи spjášti	спа́ли spáli	спе́ли spéli	—	спа́ния, спане́та spánija, spanéta
	definite	спя́щите spjáštite	спа́лите spálite	—	—	спа́нията, спане́тата spánijata, spanétata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		спя spja	спиш spiš	спи spi	спим spim	спи́те spíte	спят spjat
imperfect		спях spjah	спе́ше spéše	спе́ше spéše	спя́хме spjáhme	спя́хте spjáhte	спя́ха spjáha
aorist		спах spah	спа spa	спа spa	спа́хме spáhme	спа́хте spáhte	спа́ха spáha
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and спял m, спя́ла f, спя́ло n, or спе́ли pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and спал m, спа́ла f, спа́ло n, or спа́ли pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			спи spi			спе́те spéte

Derived terms

• доспя́ impf (dospjá), доспива́м pf (dospivám)
• заспя́ impf (zaspjá), заспива́м pf (zaspivám, “to get asleep”)
• наспя́ се impf (naspjá se), наспива́м се pf (naspivám se, “to get enough sleep”)
• оспя́ се impf (ospjá se), оспива́м се pf (ospivám se)
• отспя́ си impf (otspjá si), отспива́м си pf (otspivám si, “to get, to gather quality sleep”)
• поспя́ impf (pospjá), поспива́м pf (pospivám)
  • по́спав (póspav, “day dream, nap”)
    • поспали́в (pospalív, “sleepy”)
• преспя́ impf (prespjá), преспива́м pf (prespivám, “to sleep with, through”)
• приспя́ impf (prispjá), приспива́м pf (prispivám, “to make asleep”)
  • приспи́вен (prispíven, “lullabous”)
  • приспива́телен (prispivátelen, “somnolent”)
    • приспива́телно (prispivátelno, “opiate”)
  • приспива́ч (prispiváč, “one who makes asleep”)
• проспя́ impf (prospjá), проспива́м pf (prospivám, “to sleep through, to pass by sleeping”)
• успя́ се impf (uspjá se), успива́м се pf (uspivám se, “to oversleep”)
• спи́нкам (spínkam, “to sleep like a baby”)
• спа́лня (spálnja, “bedroom”)
• поспала́н (pospalán, “sleepyhead, one who loves sleeping”)
  • поспала́нко (pospalánko) (diminutive)

Related terms

• сън (sǎn, “dream”)

References

• “спя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “спя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• съпати in Исторически речник на българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
• Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “спя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 407

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [spʲa]

Participle

спя • (spja)

1. present adverbial imperfective participle of спать (spatʹ)