тровя
Bulgarian
editEtymology
editInherited from Proto-Slavic *troviti.
Pronunciation
editVerb
editтро́вя • (tróvja) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to poison
- (transitive, figurative) to vex, to contaminate
- (reflexive with се) to poison oneself
- (reflexive with си, figurative) to fret, to torment oneself
- тровя си съзнанието ― trovja si sǎznanieto ― to sit of thorns (literally, “to poison one's conscience”)
Conjugation
edit Conjugation of тро́вя (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
| participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | indefinite | тро́вещ tróvešt |
тро́вил, трови́л1 tróvil, trovíl1 |
тро́вел tróvel |
тро́вен tróven |
тро́вейки tróvejki | |
| definite subject form | тро́вещият tróveštijat |
тро́вилият, трови́лият1 tróvilijat, trovílijat1 |
— | тро́веният tróvenijat | |||
| definite object form | тро́вещия tróveštija |
тро́вилия, трови́лия1 tróvilija, trovílija1 |
— | тро́вения tróvenija | |||
| feminine | indefinite | тро́веща tróvešta |
тро́вила, трови́ла1 tróvila, trovíla1 |
тро́вела tróvela |
тро́вена tróvena | ||
| definite | тро́вещата tróveštata |
тро́вилата, трови́лата1 tróvilata, trovílata1 |
— | тро́вената tróvenata | |||
| neuter | indefinite | тро́вещо tróvešto |
тро́вило, трови́ло1 tróvilo, trovílo1 |
тро́вело tróvelo |
тро́вено tróveno |
тро́вене tróvene | |
| definite | тро́вещото tróveštoto |
тро́вилото, трови́лото1 tróviloto, trovíloto1 |
— | тро́веното tróvenoto |
тро́венето tróveneto | ||
| plural | indefinite | тро́вещи tróvešti |
тро́вили, трови́ли1 tróvili, trovíli1 |
тро́вели tróveli |
тро́вени tróveni |
тро́вения, тро́венета tróvenija, tróveneta | |
| definite | тро́вещите tróveštite |
тро́вилите, трови́лите1 tróvilite, trovílite1 |
— | тро́вените tróvenite |
тро́венията, тро́венетата tróvenijata, tróvenetata | ||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present | тро́вя tróvja |
тро́виш tróviš |
тро́ви tróvi |
тро́вим tróvim |
тро́вите tróvite |
тро́вят tróvjat | |
| imperfect | тро́вех tróveh |
тро́веше tróveše |
тро́веше tróveše |
тро́вехме tróvehme |
тро́вехте tróvehte |
тро́веха tróveha | |
| aorist | тро́вих, трови́х1 tróvih, trovíh1 |
тро́ви, трови́1 tróvi, troví1 |
тро́ви, трови́1 tróvi, troví1 |
тро́вихме, трови́хме1 tróvihme, trovíhme1 |
тро́вихте, трови́хте1 tróvihte, trovíhte1 |
тро́виха, трови́ха1 tróviha, trovíha1 | |
| future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тро́вел m, тро́вела f, тро́вело n, or тро́вели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and тро́вел m, тро́вела f, тро́вело n, or тро́вели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́вел m, тро́вела f, тро́вело n, or тро́вели pl | ||||||
| aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
| neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
| present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | ||||||
| conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
| Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and тро́вил/трови́л1 m, тро́вила/трови́ла1 f, тро́вило/трови́ло1 n, or тро́вили/трови́ли1 pl | |||||||
| imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
| трови́ troví |
трове́те trovéte |
||||||
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
edit- изтровя pf (iztrovja), изтравям impf (iztravjam)
- натровя pf (natrovja), натравям impf (natravjam)
- отровя pf (otrovja), отравям impf (otravjam)
References
edit- “тровя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “тровя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Anagrams
edit- творя (tvorja)