через

See also: чэрэз

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪz] (before vowels and voiced consonants)
  • IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪzʲ] (when palatalised)
  • IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪʐ] (possible allophone before ж (ž))
• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪs] (before voiceless consonants)
  • IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪsʲ] (when palatalised)
  • IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪʂ] (possible allophone before ш (š))
  • IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕerʲɪɕː] (possible allophone resulting from merger with the following ч (č) or щ (šč))

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic чересъ (čeresŭ), from Proto-Slavic *čersъ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-. Doublet of чрез (črez), a borrowing from Old Church Slavonic.

Preposition

че́рез • (čérez) (+ accusative case)

1. through
2. across, over
3. (time) in, after

   Я бу́ду петь пе́сню че́рез пять мину́т.

   Ja búdu petʹ pésnju čérez pjatʹ minút.

   I will sing a song after five minutes.

   че́рез семь мину́т по́сле отхо́да ― čérez semʹ minút pósle otxóda ― seven minutes after departure

4. via

   до Киева через Москву́ ― do Kijeva čerez Moskvú ― to Kiev via Moscow

5. with, with the help of
6. every other

   В фи́нском ударе́ние па́дает че́рез слог.

   V fínskom udarénije pádajet čérez slog.

   In Finnish stress falls [on] every other syllable.

7. (dated, poetic) because of

Alternative forms

• че́резъ (čérez) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Derived terms

• че́рез день (čérez denʹ, “every other day”)

Related terms

• черта́ (čertá)
• чре́сла (črésla)
• коро́ткий (korótkij)

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čersъ.

Noun

че́рез • (čérez) m inan (genitive че́реза, nominative plural че́резы, genitive plural че́резов)

1. (obsolete) leather belt with purse for money, bysack-girdle, money belt
   • 1868, Нестор Кукольник, Иоанн III, собиратель земли русской:

     А дьяка Истому совсем не признать в приказчике, запоясанном по кожану здоровым черезом, чуть не с аршинными кожаными ж варягами на руках, привыкших к калыму письменному.

     A dʹjaka Istomu sovsem ne priznatʹ v prikazčike, zapojasannom po kožanu zdorovym čerezom, čutʹ ne s aršinnymi kožanymi ž varjagami na rukax, privykšix k kalymu pisʹmennomu.

     But Dyak Istoma one can hardly recognize in the clerk, girdled before the leather-coat with a great bysack-belt, almost with sprawled leather Vikings on the hands, wont of written grafts.

Declension

Declension of че́рез (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	че́рез čérez	че́резы čérezy
genitive	че́реза čéreza	че́резов čérezov
dative	че́резу čérezu	че́резам čérezam
accusative	че́рез čérez	че́резы čérezy
instrumental	че́резом čérezom	че́резами čérezami
prepositional	че́резе čéreze	че́резах čérezax

Alternative forms

• че́рес (čéres)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “через”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

Serbo-Croatian

Preposition

через (Latin spelling čerez) (+ genitive case)

1. (dialectal) because of, for the sake of

Alternative forms

• черес
• че̏ре
• череш

Related terms

• чрез

Ukrainian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic чересъ (čeresŭ), from Proto-Slavic *čersъ, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃɛrez]

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

че́рез • (čérez) (+ accusative case)

1. across, over (from one side to the other of)
2. through

   Synonym: крізь (krizʹ)

3. via
4. through, with (means)
5. because of, due to

   Synonyms: вна́слідок (vnáslidok), завдяки́ (zavdjaký)

6. in, after (time)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “через”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, Yu. Marchenko, O. Telemko, et al. (compilers, 2007–2022), “через”, in Russian-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• A. Rysin, V. Starko, et al. (compilers, 2011–2020), “через”, in English-Ukrainian Dictionaries
• “через”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
• “через”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)