חודש

Hebrew

Root
ח־ד־שׁ (kh-d-sh)

Etymology

Compare Ugaritic 𐎈𐎄𐎘 (ḥdṯ, “new moon”), Phoenician 𐤇𐤃𐤔 (ḥdš, “new moon, month”).

Noun

חודש / חֹדֶשׁ • (khódesh) m (dual indefinite חודשיים / חָדְשַׁיִם, plural indefinite חודשים / חֳדָשִׁים, plural construct חודשי / חָדְשֵׁי־) [pattern: קֹטֶל]

1. (biblical) first day of the month, the day of the new moon
   • Tanach, 2 Kings 4:23, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וַיֹּאמֶר מַדּוּעַ אתי (אַתְּ) הלכתי (הֹלֶכֶת) אֵלָיו הַיּוֹם לֹא־חֹדֶשׁ וְלֹא שַׁבָּת וַתֹּאמֶר שָׁלוֹם׃

     vayómer madúa' 'át holékhet 'eláv hayóm lo-khódesh v'ló shabát vatómer shalóm.
     wayyṓmer maddū́aʿ ʾatt hōléḵeṯ ʾēlāw hayyōm lō-ḥṓḏeš wəlō šabbāṯ wattṓmer šālōm.

     And he said: ‘Wherefore wilt thou go to him today? it is neither new moon nor sabbath.’ And she said: ‘It shall be well.’

2. month

   Synonym: יֶרַח (yérakh)

   • Tanach, Genesis 8:5, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֹךְ וְחָסוֹר עַד הַחֹדֶשׁ הָעֲשִׂירִי בָּעֲשִׂירִי בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ נִרְאוּ רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים׃

     v'hamáyim hayú halókh v'khasór 'ád hakhódesh ha'asirí ba'asirí b'ekhád lakhódesh nir'ú rashéi heharím.
     wəhammáyim hāyū hālōḵ wəḥāsōr ʿaḏ haḥṓḏeš hāʿăśīrī bāʿăśīrī bəʾeḥāḏ laḥṓḏeš nirʾū rāšē hehārīm.

     And the waters decreased continually until the tenth month; in the tenth month, on the first day of the month, were the tops of the mountains seen.

Declension

Declension of חֹדֶשׁ

Number	Isolated forms		With possessive pronouns
	State	Form	Person	singular		plural
				m.	f.	m.	f.
singular	indefinite	חֹדֶשׁ	first	חׇדְשִׁי		חׇדְשֵׁנוּ
	definite	הַחֹדֶשׁ	second	חׇדְשְׁךָ	חׇדְשֵׁךְ	חׇדְשְׁכֶם	חׇדְשְׁכֶן
	construct	חֹדֶשׁ־	third	חׇדְשׁוֹ	חׇדְשָׁהּ	חׇדְשָׁם	חׇדְשָׁן
dual	indefinite	חדשיים / חָדְשַׁיִם	first	חדשיי / חָדְשַׁי		חָדְשֵׁינוּ
	definite	החדשיים / הַחָדְשַׁיִם	second	חָדְשֶׁיךָ	חדשייך / חָדְשַׁיִךְ	חָדְשֵׁיכֶם	חָדְשֵׁיכֶן
	construct	חָדְשֵׁי־	third	חָדְשָׁיו	חָדְשֶׁיהָ	חָדְשֵׁיהֶם	חָדְשֵׁיהֶן
plural	indefinite	חֳדָשִׁים	first	חדשיי / חֳדָשַׁי		חֳדָשֵׁינוּ
	definite	הַחֳדָשִׁים	second	חֳדָשֶׁיךָ	חדשייך / חֳדָשַׁיִךְ	חָדְשֵׁיכֶם	חָדְשֵׁיכֶן
	construct	חָדְשֵׁי־	third	חֳדָשָׁיו	חֳדָשֶׁיהָ	חָדְשֵׁיהֶם	חָדְשֵׁיהֶן

Derived terms

• חודשי / חָדְשִׁי (chodshí)
• ראש חודש / רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ (rōš ḥṓḏeš)

Descendants

• → Yiddish: חודש (khoydesh)

References

• H2320 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• “חודש” in the Hebrew Terms Database of the Academy of Hebrew Language

Anagrams

• חשוד, שוחד

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew חֹדֶשׁ (khódesh).

Pronunciation

• (YIVO, Poylish, Ukraynish) IPA^(key): /ˈχɔɪ̯dəʃ/

  • Audio:

    (file)

• (Northeastern) IPA^(key): /ˈχeɪ̯dəʃ/

Noun

חודש • (khoydesh) m, plural חדשים (khadoshem)

1. month

Synonyms

• מאָנאַט (monat)

Derived terms

• חודשלעך (khoydeshlekh)
• גוט חודש (gut khoydesh), אַ גוטן חודש (a gutn khoydesh)