بالغ

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ب ل غ (b-l-ḡ)

Compare بَلَغَ (balaḡa, “to reach, to arrive, to come to, to amount to”).

Verb

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.la.ɣa/

بَالَغَ • (bālaḡa) III, non-past يُبَالِغُ‎ (yubāliḡu)

1. to exaggerate, to overdo (with فِي (fī))
2. to do one’s utmost, to go to the greatest lengths

Conjugation

Conjugation of

بَالَغَ

(form-III sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						مُبَالَغَة mubālaḡa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُبَالِغ mubāliḡ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُبَالَغ mubālaḡ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَالَغْتُ bālaḡtu	بَالَغْتَ bālaḡta	بَالَغَ bālaḡa		بَالَغْتُمَا bālaḡtumā	بَالَغَا bālaḡā		بَالَغْنَا bālaḡnā	بَالَغْتُمْ bālaḡtum	بَالَغُوا bālaḡū
	f		بَالَغْتِ bālaḡti	بَالَغَتْ bālaḡat			بَالَغَتَا bālaḡatā			بَالَغْتُنَّ bālaḡtunna	بَالَغْنَ bālaḡna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَالِغُ ʔubāliḡu	تُبَالِغُ tubāliḡu	يُبَالِغُ yubāliḡu		تُبَالِغَانِ tubāliḡāni	يُبَالِغَانِ yubāliḡāni		نُبَالِغُ nubāliḡu	تُبَالِغُونَ tubāliḡūna	يُبَالِغُونَ yubāliḡūna
	f		تُبَالِغِينَ tubāliḡīna	تُبَالِغُ tubāliḡu			تُبَالِغَانِ tubāliḡāni			تُبَالِغْنَ tubāliḡna	يُبَالِغْنَ yubāliḡna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَالِغَ ʔubāliḡa	تُبَالِغَ tubāliḡa	يُبَالِغَ yubāliḡa		تُبَالِغَا tubāliḡā	يُبَالِغَا yubāliḡā		نُبَالِغَ nubāliḡa	تُبَالِغُوا tubāliḡū	يُبَالِغُوا yubāliḡū
	f		تُبَالِغِي tubāliḡī	تُبَالِغَ tubāliḡa			تُبَالِغَا tubāliḡā			تُبَالِغْنَ tubāliḡna	يُبَالِغْنَ yubāliḡna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَالِغْ ʔubāliḡ	تُبَالِغْ tubāliḡ	يُبَالِغْ yubāliḡ		تُبَالِغَا tubāliḡā	يُبَالِغَا yubāliḡā		نُبَالِغْ nubāliḡ	تُبَالِغُوا tubāliḡū	يُبَالِغُوا yubāliḡū
	f		تُبَالِغِي tubāliḡī	تُبَالِغْ tubāliḡ			تُبَالِغَا tubāliḡā			تُبَالِغْنَ tubāliḡna	يُبَالِغْنَ yubāliḡna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بَالِغْ bāliḡ			بَالِغَا bāliḡā				بَالِغُوا bāliḡū
	f		بَالِغِي bāliḡī							بَالِغْنَ bāliḡna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُولِغَ būliḡa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبَالَغُ yubālaḡu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبَالَغَ yubālaḡa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبَالَغْ yubālaḡ		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2

Root
ب ل غ (b-l-ḡ)

Derived from the active participle of the verb بَلَغَ (balaḡa, “to reach, to arrive, to come to, to amount to”).

Participle

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.li.ɣun/

بَالِغٌ • (bāliḡun) (form VI, feminine بَالِغَةٌ (bāliḡatun), masculine plural بَالِغُونَ (bāliḡūna), feminine plural بَالِغَاتٌ (bāliḡātun))

1. active participle of بَلَغَ (balaḡa)
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 65:3:

     إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَالِغُ أَمْرِهِ

     ʔinna l-laha bāliḡu ʔamrihi

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of adjective بَالِغ (bāliḡ)

Singular	Masculine			Feminine
	basic singular triptote			singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَالِغ bāliḡ	الْبَالِغ al-bāliḡ	بَالِغ bāliḡ	بَالِغَة bāliḡa	الْبَالِغَة al-bāliḡa	بَالِغَة bāliḡat
Nominative	بَالِغٌ bāliḡun	الْبَالِغُ al-bāliḡu	بَالِغُ bāliḡu	بَالِغَةٌ bāliḡatun	الْبَالِغَةُ al-bāliḡatu	بَالِغَةُ bāliḡatu
Accusative	بَالِغًا bāliḡan	الْبَالِغَ al-bāliḡa	بَالِغَ bāliḡa	بَالِغَةً bāliḡatan	الْبَالِغَةَ al-bāliḡata	بَالِغَةَ bāliḡata
Genitive	بَالِغٍ bāliḡin	الْبَالِغِ al-bāliḡi	بَالِغِ bāliḡi	بَالِغَةٍ bāliḡatin	الْبَالِغَةِ al-bāliḡati	بَالِغَةِ bāliḡati
Dual	Masculine			Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَالِغَيْن bāliḡayn	الْبَالِغَيْن al-bāliḡayn	بَالِغَيْ bāliḡay	بَالِغَتَيْن bāliḡatayn	الْبَالِغَتَيْن al-bāliḡatayn	بَالِغَتَيْ bāliḡatay
Nominative	بَالِغَانِ bāliḡāni	الْبَالِغَانِ al-bāliḡāni	بَالِغَا bāliḡā	بَالِغَتَانِ bāliḡatāni	الْبَالِغَتَانِ al-bāliḡatāni	بَالِغَتَا bāliḡatā
Accusative	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَيْ bāliḡay	بَالِغَتَيْنِ bāliḡatayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni	بَالِغَتَيْ bāliḡatay
Genitive	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَيْ bāliḡay	بَالِغَتَيْنِ bāliḡatayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni	بَالِغَتَيْ bāliḡatay
Plural	Masculine			Feminine
	sound masculine plural			sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بَالِغِين bāliḡīn	الْبَالِغِين al-bāliḡīn	بَالِغِي bāliḡī	بَالِغَات bāliḡāt	الْبَالِغَات al-bāliḡāt	بَالِغَات bāliḡāt
Nominative	بَالِغُونَ bāliḡūna	الْبَالِغُونَ al-bāliḡūna	بَالِغُو bāliḡū	بَالِغَاتٌ bāliḡātun	الْبَالِغَاتُ al-bāliḡātu	بَالِغَاتُ bāliḡātu
Accusative	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغِي bāliḡī	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti	بَالِغَاتِ bāliḡāti
Genitive	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغِي bāliḡī	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti	بَالِغَاتِ bāliḡāti

Adjective

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.liɣ/

بَالِغ • (bāliḡ) (feminine بَالِغَة (bāliḡa), masculine plural بَالِغُونَ (bāliḡūna), feminine plural بَالِغَات (bāliḡāt))

1. (superlative form) extensive, far-reaching
2. considerable, profound, serious
3. intense, high, extreme, strong
4. (of feelings) violent, vehement

Declension

Declension of adjective بَالِغ (bāliḡ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغ bāliḡ	الْبَالِغ al-bāliḡ	بَالِغَة bāliḡa	الْبَالِغَة al-bāliḡa
Nominative	بَالِغٌ bāliḡun	الْبَالِغُ al-bāliḡu	بَالِغَةٌ bāliḡatun	الْبَالِغَةُ al-bāliḡatu
Accusative	بَالِغًا bāliḡan	الْبَالِغَ al-bāliḡa	بَالِغَةً bāliḡatan	الْبَالِغَةَ al-bāliḡata
Genitive	بَالِغٍ bāliḡin	الْبَالِغِ al-bāliḡi	بَالِغَةٍ bāliḡatin	الْبَالِغَةِ al-bāliḡati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغَيْن bāliḡayn	الْبَالِغَيْن al-bāliḡayn	بَالِغَتَيْن bāliḡatayn	الْبَالِغَتَيْن al-bāliḡatayn
Nominative	بَالِغَانِ bāliḡāni	الْبَالِغَانِ al-bāliḡāni	بَالِغَتَانِ bāliḡatāni	الْبَالِغَتَانِ al-bāliḡatāni
Accusative	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَتَيْنِ bāliḡatayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni
Genitive	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَتَيْنِ bāliḡatayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغِين bāliḡīn	الْبَالِغِين al-bāliḡīn	بَالِغَات bāliḡāt	الْبَالِغَات al-bāliḡāt
Nominative	بَالِغُونَ bāliḡūna	الْبَالِغُونَ al-bāliḡūna	بَالِغَاتٌ bāliḡātun	الْبَالِغَاتُ al-bāliḡātu
Accusative	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti
Genitive	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti

Adjective

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.liɣ/

بَالِغ • (bāliḡ) (feminine بَالِغَة (bāliḡa) or بَالِغ (bāliḡ), masculine plural بَالِغُونَ (bāliḡūna), feminine plural بَالِغَات (bāliḡāt))

1. one who has reached puberty; pubescent, mature, of age, in one’s majority, adult

   Synonym: رَاشِد (rāšid)

Declension

Declension of adjective بَالِغ (bāliḡ)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)‎; basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغ bāliḡ	الْبَالِغ al-bāliḡ	بَالِغَة‎; بَالِغ bāliḡa‎; bāliḡ	الْبَالِغَة‎; الْبَالِغ al-bāliḡa‎; al-bāliḡ
Nominative	بَالِغٌ bāliḡun	الْبَالِغُ al-bāliḡu	بَالِغَةٌ‎; بَالِغٌ bāliḡatun‎; bāliḡun	الْبَالِغَةُ‎; الْبَالِغُ al-bāliḡatu‎; al-bāliḡu
Accusative	بَالِغًا bāliḡan	الْبَالِغَ al-bāliḡa	بَالِغَةً‎; بَالِغًا bāliḡatan‎; bāliḡan	الْبَالِغَةَ‎; الْبَالِغَ al-bāliḡata‎; al-bāliḡa
Genitive	بَالِغٍ bāliḡin	الْبَالِغِ al-bāliḡi	بَالِغَةٍ‎; بَالِغٍ bāliḡatin‎; bāliḡin	الْبَالِغَةِ‎; الْبَالِغِ al-bāliḡati‎; al-bāliḡi
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغَيْن bāliḡayn	الْبَالِغَيْن al-bāliḡayn	بَالِغَتَيْن‎; بَالِغَيْن bāliḡatayn‎; bāliḡayn	الْبَالِغَتَيْن‎; الْبَالِغَيْن al-bāliḡatayn‎; al-bāliḡayn
Nominative	بَالِغَانِ bāliḡāni	الْبَالِغَانِ al-bāliḡāni	بَالِغَتَانِ‎; بَالِغَانِ bāliḡatāni‎; bāliḡāni	الْبَالِغَتَانِ‎; الْبَالِغَانِ al-bāliḡatāni‎; al-bāliḡāni
Accusative	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَتَيْنِ‎; بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡatayni‎; bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ‎; الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni‎; al-bāliḡayni
Genitive	بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡayni	بَالِغَتَيْنِ‎; بَالِغَيْنِ bāliḡatayni‎; bāliḡayni	الْبَالِغَتَيْنِ‎; الْبَالِغَيْنِ al-bāliḡatayni‎; al-bāliḡayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	بَالِغِين bāliḡīn	الْبَالِغِين al-bāliḡīn	بَالِغَات bāliḡāt	الْبَالِغَات al-bāliḡāt
Nominative	بَالِغُونَ bāliḡūna	الْبَالِغُونَ al-bāliḡūna	بَالِغَاتٌ bāliḡātun	الْبَالِغَاتُ al-bāliḡātu
Accusative	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti
Genitive	بَالِغِينَ bāliḡīna	الْبَالِغِينَ al-bāliḡīna	بَالِغَاتٍ bāliḡātin	الْبَالِغَاتِ al-bāliḡāti

Descendants

• → Malay: baligh
  • Indonesian: balig
• → Persian: بالغ (bâleğ)
  • → Punjabi:

    Gurmukhi script: ਬਾਲਗ (bālag)

    Shahmukhi script: بالغ (bālaġ)

  .

Malay

Noun

بالغ (plural بالغ-بالغ or بالغ۲, informal 1st possessive بالغکو, 2nd possessive بالغمو, 3rd possessive بالغڽ)

1. Jawi spelling of baligh

Adjective

بالغ

1. Jawi spelling of baligh

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic بَالِغ (bāliḡ).

Adjective

بالغ • (baliğ)

1. arriving, attaining, reaching; amounting to
2. pubescent (having reached puberty), adolescent

Descendants

• Turkish: baliğ

Further reading

• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “baliğ”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “بالغ”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 247a

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic بَالِغ (bāliḡ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑː.liɣ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.lɪɣ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.lɪɣ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː.lɪɣ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː.liɣ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː.leɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ.liʁ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bāliğ
Dari reading?	bāliğ
Iranian reading?	bâleğ
Tajik reading?	boliġ

Adjective

بالغ • (bâleğ) (comparative بالغ‌تَر (bâleğ-tar), superlative بالغ‌تَرین (bâleğ-tarin))

1. adult
2. mature
3. ripe
4. in one's majority

Noun

بالغ • (bâleğ) (plural بالغان (bâleğân) or بالغ‌ها (bâleğ-hâ))

1. adult

Derived terms

• نا بالغ (nâ-bâleğ)
• بالغ شدن (bâleğ šodan)
• مبالغه (mobâleğe)

Descendants

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਬਾਲਗ (bālag)

  Shahmukhi script: بالغ (bālaġ)

Etymology 2

From an Eastern Iranian language. Probably cognate with Sanskrit पात्र (pātra). Also perhaps akin to Turkish bardak, an Iranian borrowing.

Noun

بالغ • (bâloğ)

1. (Transoxianan, obsolete) drinking horn

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ل غ
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَالَغَ (bālaḡa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baː.laɣ/, [ˈbæː.laɣ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

بالغ • (bālaḡ) III (present ببالغ (bibāleḡ))

1. to exaggerate

   Synonym: كبّر (kabbar)

Conjugation

Conjugation of بالغ (bālaḡ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	بالغت (bālaḡt)	بالغت (bālaḡt)	بالغ (bālaḡ)		بالغنا (bālaḡna)	بالغتو (bālaḡtu)	بالغو (bālaḡu)
	f		بالغتي (bālaḡti)	بالغت (bālaḡat)
present	m	ببالغ (babāleḡ)	بتبالغ (bitbāleḡ)	ببالغ (bibāleḡ)		منبالغ (minbāleḡ)	بتبالغو (bitbālḡu)	ببالغو (bibālḡu)
	f		بتبالغي (bitbālḡi)	بتبالغ (bitbāleḡ)
subjunctive	m	ابالغ (abāleḡ)	تبالغ (tbāleḡ)	يبالغ (ybāleḡ)		نبالغ (nbāleḡ)	تبالغو (tbālḡu)	يبالغو (ybālḡu)
	f		تبالغي (tbālḡi)	تبالغ (tbāleḡ)
imperative	m		بالغ (bāleḡ)				بالغو (bālḡu)
	f		بالغي (bālḡi)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بَالِغ (bāliğ), from Arabic بَالِغ (bāliḡ).

Noun

بالِغ • (bāliġ) m (Hindi spelling बालिग़)

1. an adult

Adjective

بَالِغ • (bāliġ) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling बालिग़)

1. adult

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu بالغ (bāliğ).

Noun

بالِغ (bāliğ)

1. adult, mature
2. young