داستان

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دَاسْتَان (dāstān, “tale, story”).

Noun

داستان • (dastan, destan)

1. tale, legend, myth, fable, any fictitious narrative told to excite wonder

   Synonyms: اسطوره (ustura), افسانه (efsane), قصه (kıssa), مثل (masal)

2. tale, chronicle, story, account, any narrative description of past events

Descendants

• Turkish: destan
• → Armenian: տէստան (tēstan)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “destan2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1180
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “destan”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 212
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “داستان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 561
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Fabula”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 538
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “داستان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2003
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “destan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “داستان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 882

Persian

Etymology

Probably a clipping of Middle Persian [script needed] (dātistān /⁠d'tst'n'⁠/, “law, process, court case”), from Proto-Iranian *dāt-ya- (“of the law”), from Proto-Iranian *daH- (“to place, put”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do, place”).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

(phonemic)

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [dɑːs.ˈtɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɑːs.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔːs.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɒːs.t̪ʰɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɔs.t̪ʰɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	dāstān
Dari reading?	dāstān
Iranian reading?	dâstân
Tajik reading?	doston

(phonetic)

• (Iran) IPA^(key): [d̪ɒːsˈt̪ʰɒːn]

Noun

Dari	داستان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	достон

داسْتان • (dâstân) (plural داستان‌ها (dâstân-hâ))

1. tale, story

   Synonym: قِصِّه (qesse)

   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 694—695:

     آمدیم اندر تمامی داستان / وز وفاداری جمع راستان‌ / کز پس این پیشوا برخاستند / بر مقامش نایبی می‌خواستند

     âmadim andar tamâmi dâstân / v-az vafâdâri-ye jam'-e râstân / k-az pas-e in pišvâ bar-xâstand / bar maqâm-aš nâ'ib-i mi-xâstand

     We come [now] to complete the tale and [speak] of the loyalty of the multitude of the righteous, who rose up after [the death of] this leader, demanding a vicar in his place.

Derived terms

• داستان سرا (dâstân-sarâ, “storyteller”)
• داستان نویس (dâstân-nevis, “storywriter”)
• داستان کوتاه (dâstân-e kutâh, “short story”)

 

Descendants

• → Armenian: դաստան (dastan)
• → Azerbaijani: dastan
• → Bengali: দাস্তান (dastan)
• → Baluchi: دستاں (dastá̃)
• → English: dastan
• → Gujarati: દાસ્તાન (dāstān)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: दास्तान (dāstān)

  Urdu: داسْتان (dāstān), داسْتاں (dāstā̃)

• → Kazakh: дастан (dastan)
• → Kyrgyz: дастан (dastan)
• → Ottoman Turkish: داستان (dastan)
  • Turkish: destan
• → Pashto: داستان (dāstān)
• → Rajasthani: दासतांन
• → Tatar: дастан (dastan)
• → Uyghur: داستان (dastan)
• → Zazaki: destan

Further reading

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “داستان”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

Urdu

Alternative forms

• داسْتاں (dāstā̃)

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian دَاسْتَان (dāstān).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːs.t̪ɑːn/
• (poetic) IPA^(key): /d̪ɑːs.t̪ɑ̃ː/
• Rhymes: -ɑːn, -ɑ̃ː

Noun

داسْتان • (dāstān) f (Hindi spelling दास्तान)

1. story
2. tale
3. narrative

Synonyms

• قِصَّہ (qissa)
• کَہانی (kahānī)

References

• “داستان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “داستان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Uyghur

Etymology

From Classical Persian دَاسْتَان (dāstān).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dɑstɑn/

Noun

داستان • (dastan) (plural داستانلار (dastanlar))

1. tale; long poem

See also

• 達斯坦／达斯坦 (dásītǎn)