ܓܘܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܓ ܘ ܢ (g w n)
3 terms

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Classical Syriac, from Proto-Iranian *gawnah; compare Middle Persian gwn' (gōn, “colour”), gwnk' (gōnag, “sort, kind”), Persian ـگون (-gun, “colour”), گونه (guna, “sort, kind”) and Old Armenian գոյն (goyn).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ˈɡɑw.nɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [ˈd͡ʒo.nɑː]

Noun

ܓܵܘܢܵܐ • (gāwnā) m sg (plural ܓܵܘܢܹ̈ܐ (gāwnē))

1. color, hue

   Synonym: ܨܸܒ݂ܥܵܐ (ṣiḇˁā)

2. sort, kind, type, genre, species

   Synonyms: ܐܵܕܫܵܐ (ādšā), ܙܢܵܐ (znā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܓܵܘܢܵܐ (gāwnā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܵܘܢܝܼ (gāwnī)		ܓܵܘܢܲܢ (gāwnan)
	construct	ܓܘܿܢ (gōn)	2nd person	ܓܵܘܢܘܼܟ݂ (gāwnūḵ)	ܓܵܘܢܵܟ݂ܝ (gāwnāḵ)	ܓܵܘܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gāwnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܵܘܢܵܐ (gāwnā)	3rd person	ܓܵܘܢܹܗ (gāwnēh)	ܓܵܘܢܵܗ̇ (gāwnāh)	ܓܵܘܢܗܘܿܢ (gāwnhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܓܵܘܢܝܼ̈ (gāwnī)		ܓܵܘܢܲܢ̈ (gāwnan)
	construct	ܓܵܘܢܲܝ̈ (gāwnay)	2nd person	ܓܵܘܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (gāwnūḵ)	ܓܵܘܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (gāwnāḵ)	ܓܵܘܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (gāwnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܓܵܘܢܹ̈ܐ (gāwnē)	3rd person	ܓܵܘܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (gāwnūh)	ܓܵܘܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (gāwnōh)	ܓܵܘܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (gāwnhōn)

Hyponyms

Colors in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · ܓܵܘܢܹ̈ܐ (gāwnē) (layout · text)

ܚܘܵܪܵܐ (ḥwārā)	ܩܛܘܿܡܵܐ (qṭōmā)	ܐ݇ܟܘܿܡܵܐ (kōmā)
ܣܡܘܿܩܵܐ (smōqā); ܩܸܪܡܝܼܙܵܐ (qirmīzā)	ܐ݇ܛܪܘܿܓ݂ܵܐ (ṭrōḡā); ܦܘܼܪܬܩܵܠܵܐ (purtqālā); ܫܚܘܿܡܵܐ (šḥōmā)	ܫܥܘܿܬ݂ܵܐ (šˁōṯā); ܙܵܪܓܵܐ (zārgā)
ܠܲܝܡܵܐ (laymā)	ܝܲܪܘܿܩܵܐ (yarōqā)	ܩܝܼܢܵܐ (qīnā)
ܟܝܵܢܵܐ (kyānā)	ܙܪܘܿܩܵܐ (zrōqā)	ܡܝܼܠܵܐ (mīlā)
ܒܵܢܲܦ̮ܫܵܐ (bānafšā); ܡܲܝܩܵܐ (mayqā)	ܦ̮ܘܼܫܝܼܵܐ (fūšīyā); ܐܲܪܓܘܵܢܵܐ (argwānā)	ܘܲܪܘܿܕ݂ܵܐ (warōḏā)

Derived terms

• ܓܲܘܸܢ (gawwin, “to color, colorize, paint”)
• ܓܵܘܢܵܢܵܐ (gāwnānā, “colorful”)
• ܓܵܘܢܵܐ ܡܵܪܵܢܵܝܵܐ (gāwnā mārānāyā, “primary color”)
• ܓܵܘܢܵܐ ܦܲܩܘܼܚܵܐ (gāwnā paqūḥā, “light color”)
• ܓܵܘܢܵܐ ܟܲܡܘܼܕܵܐ (gāwnā kamūdā, “dark color”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Old Iranian *gawnah; compare Middle Persian gwn' (gōn, “colour”), gwnk' (gōnag, “sort, kind”), Persian ـگون (-gun, “colour”), گونه (guna, “sort, kind”), Old Armenian գոյն (goyn).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈɡaw.nɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈɡɑw.nɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈɡɑw.no]

Noun

ܓܘܢܐ • (gawnā) m (plural ܓܘܢܐ (gawnē) or ܓܘܢܢܐ (gawnānē) or ܓܘܢܘܬܐ (gawnawwāṯā))

1. colour/color, hue

   Synonyms: ܨܒܥܐ, ܣܡܐ

2. appearance

   Synonym: ܥܝܢܐ

3. sort, kind, type, species
4. remedy, medicine

   Synonyms: ܣܡܐ, ܥܩܪܐ

Inflection

    declension of ܓܘܢܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܢ
construct	ܓܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬ ,ܓܘܢܢܝ ,ܓܘܝ
emphatic	ܓܘܢܐ	ܓܘܢܘܬܐ ,ܓܘܢܢܐ ,ܓܘܢܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܢܝ	ܓܘܢܘܬܝ ,ܓܘܢܢܝ ,ܓܘܢܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܟ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܟ ,ܓܘܢܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܝ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܟܝ ,ܓܘܢܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܢܗ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ ,ܓܘܢܢܘܗܝ ,ܓܘܢܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܢܗ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܗ ,ܓܘܢܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܢܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܟܘܢ ,ܓܘܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܝܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܟܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܗܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܗܘܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܗܝܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܢܝܗܝܢ ,ܓܘܢܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

Compare Arabic جُونَة (jūna).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈɡu.nɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈɡu.nɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈɡu.no]

Noun

ܓܘܢܐ • (gūnā) m (plural ܓܘܢܘܬܐ (gūnawwāṯā))

1. drinking vessel; cup, goblet, glass

   Synonym: ܟܣܐ

2. wooden kneading trough
3. bronze pot

Inflection

    declension of ܓܘܢܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܓܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܢ
construct	ܓܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬ
emphatic	ܓܘܢܐ	ܓܘܢܘܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܓܘܢܝ	ܓܘܢܘܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܟ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܝ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܓܘܢܗ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܓܘܢܗ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܓܘܢܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܓܘܢܟܝܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܗܘܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܓܘܢܗܝܢ	ܓܘܢܘܬܗܝܢ

Further reading

• “gwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-05-16
• “gwn²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-05-16
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 45a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 64b-65a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 216b-217a