ܫܡܫܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܫ ܡ ܫ (š m š)
6 terms

Etymology 1

From Aramaic שִׁמְשָׁא (šimšā), from Proto-Semitic *śamš-; compare Arabic شَمْس (šams), Hebrew שֶׁמֶשׁ (shémesh) and Akkadian 𒌓 (šamšum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪm.ʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܸܡܫܵܐ • (šimšā) m or f

1. (astronomy) sun

   ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ― šimšā ìlēh ― It is sunny (literally, “He/It is the sun”)

   ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܒܸܙܪܵܩܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ― šimšā bizrāqā ìlēh (literally, “The sun is shining”)

2. (alchemy) gold

   Synonym: ܕܲܗܒ݂ܵܐ (dahḇā)

3. sunlight/sunshine

Inflection

Inflection of ܫܸܡܫܵܐ (šimšā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܫܸܡܫܝܼ (šimšī)		ܫܸܡܫܲܢ (šimšan)
	construct	ܫܡܸܫ (šmiš)	2nd person	ܫܸܡܫܘܼܟ݂ (šimšūḵ)	ܫܸܡܫܵܟ݂ܝ (šimšāḵ)	ܫܸܡܫܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šimšāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܸܡܫܵܐ (šimšā)	3rd person	ܫܸܡܫܹܗ (šimšēh)	ܫܸܡܫܵܗ̇ (šimšāh)	ܫܸܡܫܗܘܿܢ (šimšhōn)

Derived terms

• ܫܸܡܫܵܐ ܕܣܲܗܪܵܐ (šimšā dsahrā, “moonlight”)

Proper noun

ܫܸܡܫܵܐ • (šimšā) m

1. Shamash

Etymology 2

Derived from ܫܲܡܸܫ (šammiš, “to serve”); compare Arabic شَمَّاس (šammās), Hebrew שַׁמָּשׁ (šammāš).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɑmˈmɑ.ʃɑː]

Noun

ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ • (šammāšā) m (plural ܫܲܡܵܫܹ̈ܐ (šammāšē), feminine ܫܲܡܵܫܬܵܐ (šammāštā))

1. servant, attendant
2. (Christianity) minister, deacon (ordained minister of an order ranking below that of priest)

Proper noun

ܫܲܡܵܫܵܐ • (šammāšā) ?

1. a surname originating as an occupation

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *śamš-. The sense of "lizard" is a calque of Ancient Greek σαύρᾱ ἡλιακή (saúrā hēliakḗ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɛm.ʃɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪm.ʃɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɛm.ʃo]

Noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šemšā) c (plural ܫܡܫܐ)

1. (astronomy) sun, star
2. (alchemy) gold
3. kind of lizard

Usage notes

This word is usually masculine.

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܡܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܫ	ܫܡܫܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܫ	ܫܡܫܝ
emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ	ܫܡܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܡܫܝ	ܫܡܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܡܫܟ	ܫܡܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܝ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܡܫܢ	ܫܡܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܝܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܡܫܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܡܫܗܝܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šemšā) c

1. Sun

Etymology 2

From the root ܫ-ܡ-ܫ (š-m-š), related to serving; compare Arabic شَمَّاس (šammās), Hebrew שַׁמָּשׁ (šammāš).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʃamˈmɑ.ʃɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃamˈmɑ.ʃɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃɑˈmo.ʃo]

Noun

ܫܡܫܐ • (šammāšā) m (plural ܫܡܫܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܫܡܫܬܐ)

1. servant, attendant
2. (Christianity) minister, deacon, (rare) priest

Inflection

    inflection of ܫܡܫܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܡܫ	ܫܡܫܝܢ
construct	ܫܡܫ	ܫܡܫܝ
emphatic	ܫܡܫܐ	ܫܡܫܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܡܫܝ	ܫܡܫܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܡܫܟ	ܫܡܫܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܝ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܡܫܗ	ܫܡܫܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܡܫܢ	ܫܡܫܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܡܫܟܝܢ	ܫܡܫܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܡܫܗܘܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܡܫܗܝܢ	ܫܡܫܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܡܫܡܫܢܐ (məšamšānā)

References

• “šmš”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-07-24
• “šmš²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-07-24
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 373b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 586a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1576b-1577a

Anagrams

• ܫܫܡܐ