अरस
Hindi edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अरस (arasá). By surface analysis, अ- (a-) + रस (ras).
Adjective edit
अरस • (aras) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling اَرَس)
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Possibly through Braj अरस (aras).
Noun edit
अरस • (aras) m (Urdu spelling اَرَس)
- Alternative form of अलस (alas, “languor, sloth, laziness”)
Declension edit
Declension of अरस (masc cons-stem)
Noun edit
अरस • (aras) m (Urdu spelling اَرَس)
- Alternative form of अर्श (arś, “roof; sky; heaven”)
Declension edit
Declension of अरस (masc cons-stem)
Further reading edit
- Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “अरस”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- Platts, John T. (1884) “अरस”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “अरस”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- “अरस”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- অৰস (Assamese script)
- ᬅᬭᬲ (Balinese script)
- অরস (Bengali script)
- 𑰀𑰨𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀅𑀭𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- အရသ (Burmese script)
- અરસ (Gujarati script)
- ਅਰਸ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌅𑌰𑌸 (Grantha script)
- ꦄꦫꦱ (Javanese script)
- 𑂃𑂩𑂮 (Kaithi script)
- ಅರಸ (Kannada script)
- អរស (Khmer script)
- ອຣສ (Lao script)
- അരസ (Malayalam script)
- ᠠᡵᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘀𑘨𑘭 (Modi script)
- ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦠𑧈𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐀𑐬𑐳 (Newa script)
- ଅରସ (Odia script)
- ꢂꢬꢱ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆃𑆫𑆱 (Sharada script)
- 𑖀𑖨𑖭 (Siddham script)
- අරස (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩐𑩼𑪁 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚀𑚤𑚨 (Takri script)
- அரஸ (Tamil script)
- అరస (Telugu script)
- อรส (Thai script)
- ཨ་ར་ས (Tibetan script)
- 𑒁𑒩𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨀𑨫𑨰 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
From अ- (a-, negative prefix) + रस (rása, “sap, elixir, semen; charm, delight, taste, pleasure”). Later Vedic अलस (alasá, “lazy, tired”) is a corruption of this term.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
अरस • (arasá) stem
- sapless, tasteless, insipid
- weak, having no strength, inefficacious, impotent
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.191.16:
- कुषुम्भकस्तदब्रवीद्गिरेः प्रवर्तमानकः।
वृश्चिकस्य्आरसं विषम्अरसं वृश्चिक ते विषम्॥- kuṣumbhakastadabravīdgireḥ pravartamānakaḥ.
vṛścikasyārasaṃ viṣamarasaṃ vṛścika te viṣam. - Appearing forth from the mountain's side the poison-insect said:
"The scorpion's venom is weak. O Scorpion, your venom is weak."
- kuṣumbhakastadabravīdgireḥ pravartamānakaḥ.
- कुषुम्भकस्तदब्रवीद्गिरेः प्रवर्तमानकः।
- dull, uninteresting
- not having the sense of taste
- unhappy
Declension edit
| Masculine a-stem declension of अरस (arasá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | अरसः arasáḥ |
अरसौ / अरसा¹ arasaú / arasā́¹ |
अरसाः / अरसासः¹ arasā́ḥ / arasā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | अरस árasa |
अरसौ / अरसा¹ árasau / árasā¹ |
अरसाः / अरसासः¹ árasāḥ / árasāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | अरसम् arasám |
अरसौ / अरसा¹ arasaú / arasā́¹ |
अरसान् arasā́n |
| Instrumental | अरसेन araséna |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसैः / अरसेभिः¹ arasaíḥ / arasébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | अरसाय arasā́ya |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसेभ्यः arasébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | अरसात् arasā́t |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसेभ्यः arasébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | अरसस्य arasásya |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसानाम् arasā́nām |
| Locative | अरसे arasé |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसेषु araséṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
| Feminine ā-stem declension of अरसा (arasā́) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | अरसा arasā́ |
अरसे arasé |
अरसाः arasā́ḥ |
| Vocative | अरसे árase |
अरसे árase |
अरसाः árasāḥ |
| Accusative | अरसाम् arasā́m |
अरसे arasé |
अरसाः arasā́ḥ |
| Instrumental | अरसया / अरसा¹ arasáyā / arasā́¹ |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसाभिः arasā́bhiḥ |
| Dative | अरसायै arasā́yai |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसाभ्यः arasā́bhyaḥ |
| Ablative | अरसायाः / अरसायै² arasā́yāḥ / arasā́yai² |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसाभ्यः arasā́bhyaḥ |
| Genitive | अरसायाः / अरसायै² arasā́yāḥ / arasā́yai² |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसानाम् arasā́nām |
| Locative | अरसायाम् arasā́yām |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसासु arasā́su |
| Notes |
| ||
| Neuter a-stem declension of अरस (arasá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | अरसम् arasám |
अरसे arasé |
अरसानि / अरसा¹ arasā́ni / arasā́¹ |
| Vocative | अरस árasa |
अरसे árase |
अरसानि / अरसा¹ árasāni / árasā¹ |
| Accusative | अरसम् arasám |
अरसे arasé |
अरसानि / अरसा¹ arasā́ni / arasā́¹ |
| Instrumental | अरसेन araséna |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसैः / अरसेभिः¹ arasaíḥ / arasébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | अरसाय arasā́ya |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसेभ्यः arasébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | अरसात् arasā́t |
अरसाभ्याम् arasā́bhyām |
अरसेभ्यः arasébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | अरसस्य arasásya |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसानाम् arasā́nām |
| Locative | अरसे arasé |
अरसयोः arasáyoḥ |
अरसेषु araséṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “अरस”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 87.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “arasa”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “अरस”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan
- Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “अरस”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “arasa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press