छिद्

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ছিদ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬙᬶᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
• ছিদ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰔𑰰𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀙𑀺𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ဆိဒ် (Burmese script)
• છિદ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਛਿਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌛𑌿𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦖꦶꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂓𑂱𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಛಿದ್ (Kannada script)
• ឆិទ៑ (Khmer script)
• ຉິທ຺ (Lao script)
• ഛിദ് (Malayalam script)
• ᡮᡳᡩ (Manchu script)
• 𑘔𑘱𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᠼᠢᢑ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦴𑧒𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐕𑐶𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
• ଛିଦ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢘꢶꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆗𑆴𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖔𑖰𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
• ඡිද් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩢𑩑𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚐𑚮𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
• சி²த்³ (Tamil script)
• ఛిద్ (Telugu script)
• ฉิทฺ (Thai script)
• ཚི་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒕𑒱𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨤𑨁𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *skeyd- (“to split, divide”). Cognate with schism and shit.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t͡ɕʰid̪/

Root

छिद् • (chid)

1. to cut off, amputate, cut through, hew, chop, split, pierce
2. to divide, separate from
3. to destroy, annihilate, efface, blot out
4. (mathematics) to divide
5. (passive voice) to be split or cut, break
6. (causative) to cut off; to cause to cut off or through

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root छिद्‎ (0 c, 5 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• छिनत्ति (chinátti, Present)
• छेत्स्यति (chetsyati, Future)
• छेत्ता (chettā, Periphrastic Future)
• अच्छिदत् (acchidat, Aorist)
• अच्छैत्सीत् (acchaitsīt, Aorist)
• छिद्यात् (chidyāt, Benedictive)
• चिच्छेद (ciccheda, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

• छिद्यते (chidyáte, Passive)
• अच्छेदि (ácchedi, Passive Aorist)
• छेदयति (chedayati, Causative)
• चिच्छित्सति (cicchitsati, Desiderative)
• चेच्छिदीति (cecchidīti, Intensive)
• चेच्छिद्यते (cecchidyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

• छिन्न (chinná, Past Participle)
• छेत्तुम् (chettum, Infinitive)
• छेत्तवै (chettavaí, Infinitive)
• छित्त्वा (chittvā́, Gerund)
• छिद्य (chídya, Gerund)
• छेद्य (chedya, Gerundive)
• छेत्तव्य (chettavya, Gerundive)
• छेदनीय (chedanīya, Gerundive)
• चिच्छित्सु (cicchitsu, Desiderative Participle)

Derived Nominal Forms

• छित्ति (chitti)
• छिद् (chid)
• छिदा (chidā)
• छिदुर (chidura)
• छिद्र (chidrá)
• छेत्तृ (chettṛ)
• छेद (cheda)
• छेदक (chedaka)
• छेदन (chedana)
• छेदिन् (chedin)

Prefixed Root Forms

• अपच्छिद् (apacchid)
• अवच्छिद् (avacchid)
• आच्छिद् (ācchid)
• उच्छिद् (ucchid)
• परिच्छिद् (paricchid)
• प्रच्छिद् (pracchid)
• प्रतिच्छिद् (praticchid)
• विच्छिद् (vicchid)
• व्यवच्छिद् (vyavacchid)
• संछिद् (saṃchid)
• समुच्छिद् (samucchid)

Adjective

छिद् • (chid) stem

1. cutting, cutting off, cutting through, splitting, piercing
2. destroying, annihilating, removing

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of छिद् (chid)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	छित् chit	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Vocative	छित् chit	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Accusative	छिदम् chidam	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Instrumental	छिदा chidā	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भिः chidbhiḥ
Dative	छिदे chide	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Ablative	छिदः chidaḥ	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Genitive	छिदः chidaḥ	छिदोः chidoḥ	छिदाम् chidām
Locative	छिदि chidi	छिदोः chidoḥ	छित्सु chitsu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine root-stem declension of छिद् (chid)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	छित् chit	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Vocative	छित् chit	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Accusative	छिदम् chidam	छिदौ / छिदा¹ chidau / chidā¹	छिदः chidaḥ
Instrumental	छिदा chidā	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भिः chidbhiḥ
Dative	छिदे chide	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Ablative	छिदः chidaḥ	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Genitive	छिदः chidaḥ	छिदोः chidoḥ	छिदाम् chidām
Locative	छिदि chidi	छिदोः chidoḥ	छित्सु chitsu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter root-stem declension of छिद् (chid)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	छित् chit	छिदी chidī	छिन्दि chindi
Vocative	छित् chit	छिदी chidī	छिन्दि chindi
Accusative	छित् chit	छिदी chidī	छिन्दि chindi
Instrumental	छिदा chidā	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भिः chidbhiḥ
Dative	छिदे chide	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Ablative	छिदः chidaḥ	छिद्भ्याम् chidbhyām	छिद्भ्यः chidbhyaḥ
Genitive	छिदः chidaḥ	छिदोः chidoḥ	छिदाम् chidām
Locative	छिदि chidi	छिदोः chidoḥ	छित्सु chitsu

Noun

छिद् • (chid) stem, m

1. (mathematics) the divisor, denominator

Noun

छिद् • (chid) stem, f

1. the cutting off
2. annihilation

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “छिद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 406.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 50
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “chid”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.