chop
English
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Middle English choppen, chappen (“to chop”), of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, or a variant of chap (“to become cracked”).
Cognate with Scots chap (“to chop”). Compare also Saterland Frisian kappe, kapje (“to hack; chop; lop off”), Dutch kappen (“to chop, cut, hew”), German Low German kappen (“to cut off; clip”), German kappen (“to cut; clip”), German dialectal chapfen, kchapfen (“to chop into small pieces”), Albanian copë (“piece, chunk”), Old English *ċippian (in forċippian (“to cut off”)). Perhaps related to chip.
Noun
editchop (countable and uncountable, plural chops)
- A cut of meat, often containing a section of a rib.
- I only like lamb chops with mint jelly.
- 1957, J. D. Salinger, “Zooey”, in Franny and Zooey, published 1961:
- I was standing at the meat counter, waiting for some rib lamb chops to be cut.
- A blow with an axe, cleaver, or similar implement.
- It should take just one good chop to fell the sapling.
- (martial arts) A blow delivered with the hand rigid and outstretched.
- A karate chop.
- Ocean waves, generally caused by wind, distinguished from swell by being smaller and not lasting as long.
- (poker) A hand where two or more players have an equal-valued hand, resulting in the chips being shared equally between them.
- With both players having an ace-high straight, the pot was a chop.
- (informal, with "the") Termination, especially from employment; the sack.
- (Australia, New Zealand) A woodchopping competition.
- 1924 October 6, The Examiner, Launceston, page 2, column 6:
- E, C. McsEnulty, who won the chop at the show on Thursday, cut through a foot lying block in 34 seconds[.]
- (dated) A crack or cleft; a chap.
- (uncountable) Aircraft turbulence.
Quotations
edit- For quotations using this term, see Citations:chop.
Synonyms
editDescendants
edit- → Japanese: チョップ
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
editchop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)
- (transitive) To cut into pieces with short, vigorous cutting motions.
- chop wood; chop an onion
- (transitive) To sever with an axe or similar implement.
- Chop off his head.
- (transitive, figurative) To separate or divide.
- We should chop off some of that department's budget.
- (transitive) to give a downward cutting blow or movement, typically with the side of the hand.
- (transitive, baseball) To hit the ball downward so that it takes a high bounce.
- (poker) To divide the pot (or tournament prize) between two or more players. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
- (intransitive) To make a quick, heavy stroke or a series of strokes, with or as with an ax.
- (intransitive) To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or attempt to seize.
- 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:
- Out of a Greediness to get both, he Chops at the Shadow, and Loses the Substance.
- (intransitive) To interrupt; with in or out.
- 1550, Hugh Latimer, Sermon Preached before King Edward:
- This fellow […] interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in.
- (transitive, Hong Kong) To stab.
- 1959 June 8, China Mail, page 10:
- A man had chopped a Sanitary Department coolie to death after an argument about money, Supreme Court was told today.
- (computing, transitive, Perl) To remove the final character from (a text string).
- Coordinate term: chomp
- (slang, transitive) To manipulate or separate out a line of cocaine.
- He chopped out a fat line.
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Derived terms
edit- Baltimore chop
- big chop
- binary chop
- bust chops
- Chelsea chop
- chop and drop
- chop-chop
- chop chord
- chop cup
- chop down
- chopette
- chophouse
- chop house
- chop it up
- choplet
- choplike
- chop logic
- chop-logic
- choplogic
- chop mill
- chop off
- chop out
- choppable
- chopped and screwed
- chopped liver
- chopped-nose
- chopper
- choppin'
- chopping block
- chopping board
- choppy
- chops
- chop-shop
- chop shop
- chopsocky
- chopstick
- chop up
- chump chop
- confirm plus chop
- fin chop
- first-chop
- French chop
- get the chop
- greenchop
- karate chop
- lambchop
- mutton chop
- muttonchop
- mutton-chop whiskers
- photochop
- pork chop
- pork chop island
- prechop
- reverse chops
- small chops
- throttle chop
- tomahawk chop
- try out one's own chops
- walleye chop
- woodchop
- wood chop
Etymology 2
editUncertain, perhaps a variant of chap (“cheap”). Compare Middle English copen (“to buy”), Dutch kopen (“to buy”).
Verb
editchop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)
- (obsolete) To exchange, to barter; to swap.
- 1644, John Milton, Areopagitica:
- this is not to put down Prelaty, this is but to chop an Episcopacy; this is but to translate the Palace Metropolitan from one kind of dominion into another, this is but an old canonicall sleight of commuting our penance.
- To chap or crack.
- (nautical) To vary or shift suddenly.
- The wind chops about.
- (obsolete) To twist words.
- 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Judicature”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:
- Let not the counsel at the bar chop with the judge.
- To converse, discuss, or speak with another.
Derived terms
editNoun
editchop (plural chops)
- A turn of fortune; change; a vicissitude.
Derived terms
editEtymology 3
editFrom Middle English choppe (“jaw, jawbone”), related to Middle English cheppe (“one side of the jaw, chap”). Perhaps ultimately related to Etymology 1 above.
Alternative forms
editNoun
editchop (plural chops)
- (chiefly in the plural) A jaw of an animal.
- A movable jaw or cheek, as of a vice.
- The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbour, or channel.
- East Chop
- West Chop
References
edit- “chop”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
- “chops”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
Etymology 4
editBorrowed from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Closely related to the similarly descended Malay word cap, which likely reinforced the English usage within the Malay world.
Noun
editchop (plural chops)
- (colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) A stamp or seal; a mark, imprint or impression on a document (or other object or material) made by stamping or sealing a design with ink or wax, respectively, or by other methods. [from 19th c.]
- (colloquial, by extension, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) The device used for stamping or sealing, which also contains the design to be imprinted.
- A mark indicating nature, quality, or brand.
- silk of the first chop
- A license or passport that has been sealed.
- A complete shipment.
- a chop of tea
Derived terms
editDescendants
editVerb
editchop (third-person singular simple present chops, present participle chopping, simple past and past participle chopped)
- (transitive, colloquial, India, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei) To stamp or seal (a document); to mark, impress or otherwise place a design or symbol on paper or other material, usually, but not necessarily, to indicate authenticity. [from 19th c.]
- To seal a license or passport.
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Lisa Lim (2016 July 28) “Where does the word 'chop' come from?”, in South China Morning Post[1]
Etymology 5
editShortening.
Noun
editchop (plural chops)
- (Internet) An IRC channel operator.
- 1996, Peter Ludlow, High Noon on the Electronic Frontier, page 404:
- IRC supports mechanisms for the enforcement of acceptable behaviour on IRC. Channel operators — "chanops" or "chops" — have access to the /kick command, which throws a specified user out of the given channel.
Synonyms
editEtymology 6
editShortening of chopper.
Noun
editchop (plural chops)
- (informal) To fly a helicopter or be flown in a helicopter.
- We chopped back to the base.
See also
editChinese
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editchop
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) chop (stamp; seal) (Classifier: 個/个 c)
Verb
editchop
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) to stamp; to seal
Macanese
editAlternative forms
edit- (possibly dated) chope
Etymology
editBorrowed from English chop, ultimately from Hindi छाप (chāp, “stamp”). Most likely also influenced by Cantonese chop. Sense 2 derives from the absent professor being recorded with a stamp, i.e. a chop, in a register.
Noun
editchop
- official licence
- (slang) an absent professor or teacher
- Hoje tivemos chope de matemática.
- Today our mathematics professor was absent.
- (literally, “Today we had chop of mathematics.”)
- O Dr. F. deu chope.
- Dr. F. is absent.
- (literally, “Dr. F. gave chop.”)
Usage notes
edit- The examples for sense 2 are in Portuguese; the Macanese equivalents would roughly be Hoze nôs têm chop di matemática and Dr. F. (já) dâ chop respectively.
References
edit- Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “chope”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 404
- www.macaneselibrary.org[2], 2024 August 24 (last accessed)
Nigerian Pidgin
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
editchop
Silesian
editAlternative forms
edit- chłop (Southern Silesian)
Etymology
editInherited from Old Polish chłop.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editchop m pers
Declension
editFurther reading
edit- chop_chlop in dykcjonorz.eu
- chop in silling.org
- Bogdan Kallus (2020) “chop”, in Słownik Gōrnoślōnskij Gŏdki, IV edition, Chorzów: Pro Loquela Silesiana, →ISBN, page 260
- Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “chop”, in Dykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 114
- Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “chop”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 55
- English 1-syllable words
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- Rhymes:English/ɒp
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