पृ

Sanskrit

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pr̩/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pr̩/

Etymology 1

Likely a specialized usage of पृ in the "fill up" or "further" senses described under Etymologies 2 and 3.

Root

पृ • (pṛ)

1. to be busy or active (mostly with prefix वि- (vi-) + आ- (ā-) or only with आ- (ā-)).
2. to cause to work, engage upon, entrust with, appoint to (usually with locative case)
3. to place, set, fix, direct, cast

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root पृ (0 c, 2 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• पृणोति (pṛṇóti, Present)

Secondary Forms

• प्रियते (priyáte, Passive)
• पारयति (pāráyati, Causative)

Non-Finite Forms

• पृत (pṛtá, Past Participle)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *per-.

Root

पृ • (pṛ)

1. to bring over or to (acc.), bring out of, deliver from (abl.), rescue, save, protect (with पृणोति (pṛṇoti)), escort, further, promote
2. to surpass, excel (acc.)
3. to be able (with inf.)

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root पृ (0 c, 2 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

• पिपर्ति (píparti, Present)
• पर्षि (párṣi, Present)

Secondary Forms

• पारयति (pāráyati, Causative)

Non-Finite Forms

• पर्षणि (parṣáṇi, Infinitive)

Derived Nominal Forms

• परण (paraṇa)
• परणीय (paraṇīya)
• पृत (pṛta)
• पर (para)
• पार (pāra)

Etymology 3

Root

पृ • (pṛ)

1. Alternative form of पॄ (pṝ)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 645.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 100
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 101
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 85-86; 159