पार

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (pāra), from Sanskrit पार (pāra).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pɑːɾ/, [päːɾ]

Noun

पार • (pār) m (Urdu spelling پار)

1. the other side

   नदी का पार ― nadī kā pār ― the opposite bank of the river

   पार उतारना ― pār utārnā ― to cross

2. limit, end

Declension

Declension of पार (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पार pār	पार pār
oblique	पार pār	पारों pārõ
vocative	पार pār	पारो pāro

Adverb

पार • (pār) (Urdu spelling پار)

1. across, on the other side

Derived terms

• आर-पार (ār-pār)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884) “पार”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “पार”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pārá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পাৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬭ (Balinese script)
• পার (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပါရ (Burmese script)
• પાર (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾರ (Kannada script)
• បារ (Khmer script)
• ປາຣ (Lao script)
• പാര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପାର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පාර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚤 (Takri script)
• பார (Tamil script)
• పార (Telugu script)
• ปาร (Thai script)
• པཱ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to go through, carry forth”), related to पृ (pṛ, “to bring over”) and Ancient Greek πόρος (póros, “passage”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑː.ɾɐ/

Adjective

पार • (pāra) stem

1. bringing across

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पार
Nom. sg.	पारः (pāraḥ)
Gen. sg.	पारस्य (pārasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारः (pāraḥ)	पारौ (pārau)	पाराः (pārāḥ)
Vocative	पार (pāra)	पारौ (pārau)	पाराः (pārāḥ)
Accusative	पारम् (pāram)	पारौ (pārau)	पारान् (pārān)
Instrumental	पारेन (pārena)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारैः (pāraiḥ)
Dative	पाराय (pārāya)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
Ablative	पारात् (pārāt)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
Genitive	पारस्य (pārasya)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारानाम् (pārānām)
Locative	पारे (pāre)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारेषु (pāreṣu)

Feminine ā-stem declension of पार
Nom. sg.	पारा (pārā)
Gen. sg.	पारायाः (pārāyāḥ)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारा (pārā)	पारे (pāre)	पाराः (pārāḥ)
Vocative	पारे (pāre)	पारे (pāre)	पाराः (pārāḥ)
Accusative	पाराम् (pārām)	पारे (pāre)	पाराः (pārāḥ)
Instrumental	पारया (pārayā)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पाराभिः (pārābhiḥ)
Dative	पारायै (pārāyai)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पाराभ्यः (pārābhyaḥ)
Ablative	पारायाः (pārāyāḥ)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पाराभ्यः (pārābhyaḥ)
Genitive	पारायाः (pārāyāḥ)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारानाम् (pārānām)
Locative	पारायाम् (pārāyām)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारासु (pārāsu)

Neuter a-stem declension of पार
Nom. sg.	पारम् (pāram)
Gen. sg.	पारस्य (pārasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारम् (pāram)	पारे (pāre)	पारानि (pārāni)
Vocative	पार (pāra)	पारे (pāre)	पारानि (pārāni)
Accusative	पारम् (pāram)	पारे (pāre)	पारानि (pārāni)
Instrumental	पारेन (pārena)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारैः (pāraiḥ)
Dative	पाराय (pārāya)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
Ablative	पारात् (pārāt)	पाराभ्याम् (pārābhyām)	पारेभ्यः (pārebhyaḥ)
Genitive	पारस्य (pārasya)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारानाम् (pārānām)
Locative	पारे (pāre)	पारयोः (pārayoḥ)	पारेषु (pāreṣu)

Noun

पार • (pāra) stem, n

1. the further bank or shore or boundary, any bank or shore, the opposite side, the end or limit of anything, the utmost reach or fullest extent

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारे pāre	पाराणि / पारा¹ pārāṇi / pārā¹
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

पार • (pāra) stem, m

1. crossing
2. quicksilver
3. a particular personification
4. name of a sage

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पार (pāra)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पारः pāraḥ	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पार pāra	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पाराः / पारासः¹ pārāḥ / pārāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पारम् pāram	पारौ / पारा¹ pārau / pārā¹	पारान् pārān
Instrumental	पारेण pāreṇa	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारैः / पारेभिः¹ pāraiḥ / pārebhiḥ¹
Dative	पाराय pārāya	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Ablative	पारात् pārāt	पाराभ्याम् pārābhyām	पारेभ्यः pārebhyaḥ
Genitive	पारस्य pārasya	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पाराणाम् pārāṇām
Locative	पारे pāre	पारयोः pārayoḥ	पारेषु pāreṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पार”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 619/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 122