मधु
Bhojpuri
editEtymology
editLearned borrowing from Sanskrit मधु (madhu).
Noun
editमधु (madhu) m (Kaithi 𑂧𑂡𑂳)
Hindi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit मधु (mádhu).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editमधु • (madhu) m (Urdu spelling مدھو)
- honey
- Synonym: शहद (śahad)
- हर मधुमक्खी रानी के लिए मधु बनाती है।
- har madhumakkhī rānī ke lie madhu banātī hai.
- Every honeybee makes honey for the queen.
Declension
editDeclension of मधु (masc u-stem)
Related terms
edit- मधुर (madhur, “sweet”)
References
edit- Platts, John T. (1884) “मधु”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Marathi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Sanskrit मधु (madhu).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editमधु • (madhu) n
Pali
editAlternative forms
editAlternative scripts
Noun
editमधु n
- Devanagari script form of madhu
Sanskrit
editAlternative scripts
editAlternative scripts
- মধু (Assamese script)
- ᬫᬥᬸ (Balinese script)
- মধু (Bengali script)
- 𑰦𑰠𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀫𑀥𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- မဓု (Burmese script)
- મધુ (Gujarati script)
- ਮਧੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌮𑌧𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦩꦣꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂧𑂡𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ಮಧು (Kannada script)
- មធុ (Khmer script)
- ມຘຸ (Lao script)
- മധു (Malayalam script)
- ᠮᠠᢡᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘦𑘠𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᠮᠠᢑᠾᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧆𑧀𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐩𑐢𑐸 (Newa script)
- ମଧୁ (Odia script)
- ꢪꢤꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆩𑆣𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖦𑖠𑖲 (Siddham script)
- මධු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩴𑩮𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚢𑚜𑚰 (Takri script)
- மது⁴ (Tamil script)
- మధు (Telugu script)
- มธุ (Thai script)
- མ་དྷུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒧𑒡𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨢𑨜𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *mádʰu (“honey, wine”), from Proto-Indo-European *médʰu (“honey, wine, mead”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬜𐬎 (maδu), Ancient Greek μέθυ (méthu), Lithuanian medùs, Old Church Slavonic медъ (medŭ, “honey”), Old English medu (whence English mead).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editमधु • (mádhu) stem, n
- honey
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.39.6:
- ओष्ठा॑विव॒ मध्व्आ॒स्ने वद॑न्ता॒ स्तना॑विव पिप्यतं जी॒वसे॑ नः।
नासे॑व नस्त॒न्वो॑ रक्षि॒तारा॒ कर्णा॑विव सु॒श्रुता॑ भूतम॒स्मे॥- óṣṭhāviva mádhvāsné vádantā stánāviva pipyataṃ jīváse naḥ.
nā́seva nastanvò rakṣitā́rā kárṇāviva suśrútā bhūtamasmé. - Like two lips that with the mouth speak honey, like two breasts that nourish our existence, like the two nostrils that protect our being, be to us like our ears that hear distinctly.
- óṣṭhāviva mádhvāsné vádantā stánāviva pipyataṃ jīváse naḥ.
- ओष्ठा॑विव॒ मध्व्आ॒स्ने वद॑न्ता॒ स्तना॑विव पिप्यतं जी॒वसे॑ नः।
- mead; any sweet liquid
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 7.38.8:
- वाजे॑वाजेऽवत वाजिनो नो॒ धने॑षु विप्रा अमृता ऋतज्ञाः।
अ॒स्य मध्व॑: पिबत मा॒दय॑ध्वं तृ॒प्ता या॑त प॒थिभि॑र्देव॒यानै॑:॥- vā́jevājeʼvata vājino no dháneṣu viprā amṛtā ṛtajñāḥ.
asyá mádhvaḥ pibata mādáyadhvaṃ tṛptā́ yāta pathíbhirdevayā́naiḥ. - Deep-skilled in Law eternal, deathless, Singers, O Vajins, help us in each fray for booty.
Drink of this mead, be satisfied, be joyful: then go on paths which Gods are wont to travel.
- vā́jevājeʼvata vājino no dháneṣu viprā amṛtā ṛtajñāḥ.
- वाजे॑वाजेऽवत वाजिनो नो॒ धने॑षु विप्रा अमृता ऋतज्ञाः।
- the juice or nectar of flowers, any sweet intoxicating drink, wine or spirituous liquor
- (poetic) milk or anything produced from milk (as butter, ghee etc.)
Declension
editNeuter u-stem declension of मधु (mádhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मधु mádhu |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Vocative | मधु / मधो mádhu / mádho |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Accusative | मधु mádhu |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Instrumental | मधुना / मध्वा¹ mádhunā / mádhvā¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभिः mádhubhiḥ |
Dative | मधुने / मधवे¹ / मध्वे¹ mádhune / mádhave¹ / mádhve¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | मधुनः / मधोः¹ / मध्वः¹ mádhunaḥ / mádhoḥ¹ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | मधुनः / मधोः¹ / मध्वः¹ mádhunaḥ / mádhoḥ¹ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मधुनोः mádhunoḥ |
मधूनाम् mádhūnām |
Locative | मधुनि / मधौ¹ mádhuni / mádhau¹ |
मधुनोः mádhunoḥ |
मधुषु mádhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
edit
Descendants
edit- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀼 (mahu)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀫𑀳𑀼 (mahu)
- Konkani: म्होंव (mhõv)
- Pali: madhu
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀫𑀥𑀼 (madhu)
- → Assamese: মধু (modhu) (learned)
- → Bengali: মধু (modhu) (learned)
- → Bhojpuri: मधु (madhu) (learned)
- → Kannada: ಮಧು (madhu) (learned)
- → Malay: madu (learned)
- Indonesian: madu
- → Marathi: मध (madh) (learned)
- → Old Javanese: madhu
- → Old Marathi: 𑘦𑘟𑘳 (madu) (learned)
- → Rohingya: modú (learned)
- → Sinhalese: මධු (madhu) (learned)
- → Sundanese: ᮙᮓᮥ (madu)
- → Old Tamil: 𑀫𑀢𑀼 (matu)
- Tamil: மது (matu)
- → Telugu: మధువు (madhuvu) (learned)
Proper noun
editमधु • (madhu) stem, m
- name of the first month of the year - Chaitra, the season of spring
- name of Shiva
- name of a demon killed by Vishnu
Adjective
editमधु • (mádhu) stem
Declension
editMasculine u-stem declension of मधु (mádhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मधुः mádhuḥ |
मधू mádhū |
मधवः mádhavaḥ |
Vocative | मधो mádho |
मधू mádhū |
मधवः mádhavaḥ |
Accusative | मधुम् mádhum |
मधू mádhū |
मधून् mádhūn |
Instrumental | मधुना / मध्वा¹ mádhunā / mádhvā¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभिः mádhubhiḥ |
Dative | मधवे / मध्वे¹ mádhave / mádhve¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | मधोः / मध्वः¹ mádhoḥ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | मधोः / मध्वः¹ mádhoḥ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मध्वोः mádhvoḥ |
मधूनाम् mádhūnām |
Locative | मधौ mádhau |
मध्वोः mádhvoḥ |
मधुषु mádhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine u-stem declension of मधु (mádhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मधुः mádhuḥ |
मधू mádhū |
मधवः mádhavaḥ |
Vocative | मधो mádho |
मधू mádhū |
मधवः mádhavaḥ |
Accusative | मधुम् mádhum |
मधू mádhū |
मधूः mádhūḥ |
Instrumental | मध्वा mádhvā |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभिः mádhubhiḥ |
Dative | मधवे / मध्वै¹ mádhave / mádhvai¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | मधोः / मध्वाः¹ / मध्वै² mádhoḥ / mádhvāḥ¹ / mádhvai² |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | मधोः / मध्वाः¹ / मध्वै² mádhoḥ / mádhvāḥ¹ / mádhvai² |
मध्वोः mádhvoḥ |
मधूनाम् mádhūnām |
Locative | मधौ / मध्वाम्¹ mádhau / mádhvām¹ |
मध्वोः mádhvoḥ |
मधुषु mádhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ū-stem declension of मधू (madhū́) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मधूः madhū́ḥ |
मध्वौ / मधू¹ madhvaù / madhū́¹ |
मध्वः / मधूः¹ madhvàḥ / madhū́ḥ¹ |
Vocative | मधु mádhu |
मध्वौ / मधू¹ mádhvau / mádhū¹ |
मध्वः / मधूः¹ mádhvaḥ / mádhūḥ¹ |
Accusative | मधूम् madhū́m |
मध्वौ / मधू¹ madhvaù / madhū́¹ |
मधूः madhū́ḥ |
Instrumental | मध्वा madhvā́ |
मधूभ्याम् madhū́bhyām |
मधूभिः madhū́bhiḥ |
Dative | मध्वै madhvaí |
मधूभ्याम् madhū́bhyām |
मधूभ्यः madhū́bhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्वाः / मध्वै² madhvā́ḥ / madhvaí² |
मधूभ्याम् madhū́bhyām |
मधूभ्यः madhū́bhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्वाः / मध्वै² madhvā́ḥ / madhvaí² |
मध्वोः madhvóḥ |
मधूनाम् madhū́nām |
Locative | मध्वाम् madhvā́m |
मध्वोः madhvóḥ |
मधूषु madhū́ṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ī-stem declension of मध्वी (mádhvī) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मध्वी mádhvī |
मध्व्यौ / मध्वी¹ mádhvyau / mádhvī¹ |
मध्व्यः / मध्वीः¹ mádhvyaḥ / mádhvīḥ¹ |
Vocative | मध्वि mádhvi |
मध्व्यौ / मध्वी¹ mádhvyau / mádhvī¹ |
मध्व्यः / मध्वीः¹ mádhvyaḥ / mádhvīḥ¹ |
Accusative | मध्वीम् mádhvīm |
मध्व्यौ / मध्वी¹ mádhvyau / mádhvī¹ |
मध्वीः mádhvīḥ |
Instrumental | मध्व्या mádhvyā |
मध्वीभ्याम् mádhvībhyām |
मध्वीभिः mádhvībhiḥ |
Dative | मध्व्यै mádhvyai |
मध्वीभ्याम् mádhvībhyām |
मध्वीभ्यः mádhvībhyaḥ |
Ablative | मध्व्याः / मध्व्यै² mádhvyāḥ / mádhvyai² |
मध्वीभ्याम् mádhvībhyām |
मध्वीभ्यः mádhvībhyaḥ |
Genitive | मध्व्याः / मध्व्यै² mádhvyāḥ / mádhvyai² |
मध्व्योः mádhvyoḥ |
मध्वीनाम् mádhvīnām |
Locative | मध्व्याम् mádhvyām |
मध्व्योः mádhvyoḥ |
मध्वीषु mádhvīṣu |
Notes |
|
Neuter u-stem declension of मधु (mádhu) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | मधु mádhu |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Vocative | मधु / मधो mádhu / mádho |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Accusative | मधु mádhu |
मधुनी mádhunī |
मधूनि / मधु¹ / मधू¹ mádhūni / mádhu¹ / mádhū¹ |
Instrumental | मधुना / मध्वा¹ mádhunā / mádhvā¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभिः mádhubhiḥ |
Dative | मधुने / मधवे¹ / मध्वे¹ mádhune / mádhave¹ / mádhve¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Ablative | मधुनः / मधोः¹ / मध्वः¹ mádhunaḥ / mádhoḥ¹ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मधुभ्याम् mádhubhyām |
मधुभ्यः mádhubhyaḥ |
Genitive | मधुनः / मधोः¹ / मध्वः¹ mádhunaḥ / mádhoḥ¹ / mádhvaḥ¹ |
मधुनोः mádhunoḥ |
मधूनाम् mádhūnām |
Locative | मधुनि / मधौ¹ mádhuni / mádhau¹ |
मधुनोः mádhunoḥ |
मधुषु mádhuṣu |
Notes |
|
Derived terms
edit- मधुच्छन्दस् (madhucchandas)
References
edit- Monier Williams (1899) “मधु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 779/2.
Categories:
- Bhojpuri terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bhojpuri lemmas
- Bhojpuri nouns
- Bhojpuri nouns in Devanagari script
- Bhojpuri masculine nouns
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine u-stem nouns
- hi:Foods
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi neuter nouns
- Pali lemmas
- Pali nouns
- Pali nouns in Devanagari script
- Pali neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit poetic terms
- Sanskrit u-stem nouns
- Sanskrit proper nouns
- Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script